ti4 The Irish Naturalist, May, 



hills known as the Dingle, the sections in the Greenhills esker, and 

 the crushed slates at Howth Head ; in the Belfast area, sections in the 

 deposits of the ancient " I^ake Belfast," and the volcanic sills at Scrabo 

 hill in Cork, submerged pre-glacial river gorges, which cut across the 

 Old Red Sandstone ridges and the pre-glacial raised beach. Some 

 recent geological work in other parts of Ireland was also mentioned and 

 partly illustrated. The lecture was followed by a good discussion. 



Aprii, II. — Annual, MEETiNG.--The President in the chair. 



Joseph Wright, F.G.S., read a paper on "Perforations in Primary 

 Limestone from North Donegal." He said: — While spending a few 

 weeks last September near the village of Dunfanaghy, North Donegal, 

 his attention was drawn by one of his party to a great number of 

 peculiar circular perforations in the primary limestone on the shore of 

 Lough Sessiagh. The limestone in which those occurred was in situ, 

 and sloped down at a very slight angle to the margin of the lake. The 

 perforations, which were hemispherical in shape, varied somewhat in 

 size, the largest and best-preserved being one inch in depth. As he had 

 never seen perforations like these before, his curiosity was aroused as to 

 the manner of their formation. The only signs of life on the rock were 

 a few small rounded clumps of moss, in size and shape the almost exact 

 counterpart of the surrounding holes. As the moss would naturally 

 accumulate moisture on the spot in which it grew, this moisture would 

 act on the underlying limestone and gradually wear it away. Once a 

 cavity was formed, even should the moss die, rain water would enlarge 

 and deepen it considerably in the course of time Since his return a 

 member of the Club had drawn his attention to various references on 

 this subject in the first volume of the Irish Naturalist. Three explana- 

 tions were given there, viz. : — The action of water, boring by the Pholas 

 shell when the land was submerged, and excavations by our common 

 land shelL Helix aspersa. Whatever might have been the origin of the 

 perforations mentioned in the Irish Naturalist, he thought those seen 

 at Lough Sessiagh, in Donegal, were undoubtedly produced in the 

 manner he had described. Mr. Wright handed round specimens of this 

 limestone, showing the perforations, and a discussion ensued, in which 

 William Gray and R. Welch took part. 



K. J. M'Kean, B.A., B.L., then read a paper on " Folklore." The 

 Chairman, William Gray, and A. Milligan took part in the discussion. 



The President then called on the Hon. Secretary (N. H. Foster, 

 M.B.O.U.) to read the annual report, which again records increased 

 membership, and shows the Club to be full of vigour. 



The statement of accounts was read by the Treasurer (W. H. 

 Phillips), and the reports of the botanical and geological sections by 

 the Sectional Secretaries (A. Milligan and G. C. Gough). George Donald- 

 son read the Librarian's report, and R. Welch the report of the Sub- 

 Committee who adjudicated on collections submitted in competition for 

 prizes offered by the Club. The reports were adopted. 



The office-bearers for 1905-6 were elected as follows : — President, W. 

 H. Phillips ; Vice-President, Robert Patterson ; Treasurer, W. H. 

 Phillips; Librarian, L. J. S. Jackson; Secretaries, G. C. Gough and 



