84 M. L. EOQSE, B.L., ON THE PEDIGREE OF THE NATIONS. 



the name of Ashkenaz, worn down by the ages and prefixed to 

 the common Persian ending -abaci, or ahode. A traveller, 

 writing recently to the Daily Chronicle from the region had, 

 however, analysed the name into Abode of Love. I wrote, 

 therefore, to Canon Kobert Bruce, the Persian scholar, and to 

 Dr. St. Clair Tisdall, the Turkoman scholar, asking first 

 whether the- latter etymology was correct, and next whether 

 Ash- could be a proper name. In reply, I learnt that the name 

 could not mean Abode of Love, seeing that ishq,* the Arabic 

 word for sexual love, which was in question, would have 

 become asliq^ in Persian and isliiq* in Turkish or Turkoman ; 

 and Turkish or Turkoman, not Persian, has always been the 

 language of Askabad since Arabic began to spread along with 

 Mahometanism : while Canon Bruce opined that Ask- was a 

 proper name, and Doctor Tisdall thought that this syllable was 

 either an old and rare Persian word meaning messenger or else 

 a proper name. And, upon my then writing to ask the latter 

 whether Ashkenaz might have been thus abridged, he replied 

 that he thouglit it possible, just as Bedford had been cut short 

 from Bedanford, and that again, as he might have added, from 

 Bedcanford. In confirmation of my conclusion that the first 

 progenitor of the Phrygians and Armenians really was 

 Thogarmah, brother to Askenaz, the father of all the Teutons, 

 and to Eiphath, the father of all the Kelts, Doctor Tisdall 

 further wrote that he had observed in the Armenian language 

 a greater resemblance to Keltic than to Persian speech. 



And I think that it will interest all English folk present 

 to-day, if I tell one more discovery upon the subject of my last 

 paper — a discovery that bears upon the migration of the Saxons 

 across Europe. The Aiiulo-Saxon Chronicle gives })edigrees for 

 the founders of the five kingdoms of the heptarchy or octarchy 

 — namely, Kent, Wessex, Mercia and Northumbria, in its two 

 divisions of Bernicia and Deira; and in all five the ancestry is 

 traced back to Woden, from whom, the Chronicle states, every 

 royal house in England was descended. 



The pedigrees are thus traced backward : — 



1. From Hengist and Horsa, who landed in England about 

 452 A.D.,f back to Wihtgils, Witta, Wecta and Woden. 



* That is, more phonetically, ishkh, ashkh^ and ishikh (here, l)ut usually 

 q=:gh). 



t Their landing to help Vortigern against the Picts and Scots is i)laced 

 " in the days" of Marciau and Valentinian, who reigned fiom 449 a.d. for 

 " seven winters," and their defeat of Vortigeni at Aylesford after they 

 turned against liini is dirted in 457. 



