90 M. L. EOUSE, B.L.; OX THE PEDIGREE OF THE NATIONS. 



river Titaresios in Northern Tliessaly, with its remarkable 

 alternative name of Europiis, probably marked the limit of their 

 advance as a nation southward,* just as the Tyras for a long 

 while marked the limit of their advance northward. It is 

 strange that each time this name Europus occurs upon our 

 continent — twice for a town and once for a river — it is in 

 Macedonia or Thessaly, within the Thracian sphere ; and where 

 it occurs upon another continent, it has simply been transferred 

 through the Macedonian conquest of AVestern Asia, displacing 

 the older names — Ehagae, Carchemish, and Dura. 



Whence had the Thraciaus come ere they spread thus north- 

 ward and southward in the Balkan peninsula and beyond ? 



There were Thynians in Thrace, and Thynians and Bithynians 

 in Asia, at the time of Herodotus and of Strabo ; and these 

 writers concur in calling them one Thracian people. Strabo 

 ranks their next Asiatic neighbours, the Mygdones, also with 

 the Thracians ; and l^oth he and Herodotus speak of ]\Iysi in 

 Thrace and Mysi in Asia, Strabo calling them a Thracian tribe, 

 as we have seen.f Lastly, Herodotus calls the Mysi colonists 

 of the Lydians, and states that in Xerxes' army they marched 

 under the same commander, ArtaphernesJ : while elsewhere he 

 gives the tradition of the Carians that they, the Lydians, and 

 the Mysians were brother-peoples, descended from three 

 brothers Car, Lydus, and ]\Iysos ; in proof of which they showed 

 in their own country§ a temple of the Carian Zeus, in which the 

 three nations had a common right of worship. The historian adds 

 (and surely he well knew, since his native town of Halicarnassus 

 was only fifty miles away): " These truly have the right; but men 

 who belong to any other nation, even if they have come to use the 

 same language as the Carians, do not share the right with them."|| 



Yet that a large and original element in the population of 

 Lydia could not have been descended from Lydus is elsewhere 

 proved by our author himself. The people of Lydia, he tells 

 us in another passage, were originally called MaeonianslI ; and 

 Homer, who nowhere speaks of Lydians,** tells of a contingent 

 of Maeonians who came to fight for King Priam of Troy from 



* Cf. p. 96 foot ; p. 107 end. 



t Her. I, 28 ; Vll, 75 ; Stiab. VII, iii, 2. 



I The Carians were not under the same command, simply because they 

 were a sailor-folk and fcurnished seventy ships witli lighting crews to 

 Xerxes (Her. vii, 92). 



§ At Mylasa, an inland city of theirs. 



II ller. I, 171. IF Her. I, 7. 



Jbid., note by llawlinson and (irant. 



