xiv 



THE HOESE 



RMnocerotidce) — The horses (Family Equidce) — Their imme- 

 diate predecessors — The hipparions or three-toed horses of 

 Europe and America — Existing species of horses — The horse 

 (Equus caballvs) — Wild, domesticated, and feral horses — 

 Wild asses — Equus hemionus of Asia and its varieties — The 

 African wild ass and the domestic ass {Equus asinus)— Striped 

 members of the equine family — Zebras and quaggas (Equus 

 zebra, E. burchelli, E. grevyi, and E. quag go) — Hybrids or 

 mules — Aptitude for domestication only found in certain 

 members of the family ,42 



CHAPTER III 



VIIE STRUCTURE OF THE HORSE, CHIEFLY AS BEARING UPON 

 ITS MODE OF LIFE, ITS EVOLUTION, AND ITS RELATION TO 

 OTHER ANIMAL FORMS. THE HEAD AND NECK 



The skull — The teeth: their number; general characters and 

 structure ; crown, root, pulp, dentine, enamel, and cement — ■ 

 Succession of teeth — Temporary and permanent sets — Special 

 characters of the teeth of the horse — Incisors — Canines — 

 Diastema — Molars — Brachydont and hypsodont dentition — 

 Temporary or milk-teeth — Time of appearance and order of 

 succession of the teeth — The lips — The nostrils — The false 

 nostrils — The guttural pouches — The neck — Vertebrae - 

 Cervical ligament 95 



CHAPTER IV 



THE STRUCTURE OF THE HORSE — (C0?l tifl-UCcl) . THE LIMBS 



General characters of the limbs of vertebrated animals — Com- 

 parison of the skeleton of the fore limb of the horse with 

 that of man — Comparison of the skeleton of the hind limb 

 of the horse with that of man — The muscles of the limbs — 

 The warts or callosities on the external surface of the 

 limbs — The ergot or spur — The chestnuts, or mallenders and 

 sallenders — The hoofs 143 



