732 



HUNGARIAN STATES. 



but the marshes on the coast reiidur the air insalubrious. Snow and frost are almost unknown 

 in the valleys. The winter is rainy. The soil is mostly calcareous, dry, and barren, and but 

 m few places fit for cultivation. This country has quarries of marble and gypsum, and mines 

 of iron-stone. Wolves are found in the forest, and locusts occasionally infest the country. 

 Zara, the capital, is built on a neck of land separated from the continent by a deep ditch. It 

 has two seminaries, a theatre, and a good harbor. Population, 6, COO. Spalatro is a fortified 

 town with 7,000 inhabitants. Brazza, on an island of the Adriatic, produces a great quantity 

 of wine. Ragusa was formerly distinguished for its trade and manufactures, but at present 

 contains but 5,000 inhabitants. Cattaro, on the gulf of the same name, is so surrounded and 

 overhung by rocks, as for several hours in the day to be completely in their shade. It is well 

 fortified, and exports considerable wine and oil. 



Agriculture is very much neglected, but wheat, grapes, olives, figs, almonds, &c., are pro- 

 duced in some abundance. A kind of coarse cloth is manufactured from the threads of broom, 

 and employed in covering bales of merchandise. In all the islands along the coast, fishing is a 

 common occupation ; anchovies and mackerel are abundant. The population is about 310,000. 

 The majority of the inhabitants belong to the Catholic and the United Church ; of the rest, 

 61,164 are Greeks. Education is in a rude state. Dalmalia was once subject to Venice, but, 

 towards the end of the 15th century, was seized by the Turks. In 1797, it fell to the share 

 of Austria, which in 1805 surrendered it to Napoleon. In IS 13, the Austrians reconquered 

 Dalmatia, and it now constitutes a part of their maritime possessions. 



Inhabitants, Manners, &c., of the Hungarian States. Hungary has been called "Europe 

 in miniature ; " and it contains communities of 12 distinct people or nations. The principal 

 are the Magyars (or Hungarians), Slowacks, Bohemians, Germans, Greeks, Armenians, Walla- 

 chlans and Gypsies. The inhabitants of Transylvania and Dalmatia are also various. In 

 Hungary the people are not tall, but they are active and muscular. The women are more dis- 



Hungarian Girl. Hungarian Peasant. Hungarian Woman. 



tingulshed for beauty than the Austrian females. The titled nobility is the same as in Austria. 

 The condition of the peasantry is better than in Russia or Poland, though they have too much 

 dependence on the nobility. 



The costumes are various and picturesque, but the higher classes follow somewhat the 

 French and German fashions. The common dress is a fur cap, a close coat girded with a sash, 

 and a cloak, from which the right arm is free. This, with the moustache on the upper lip, gives 



