736 



GERMAN AND POLISH PROVINCES OF AUSTRIA. 



Vienna. 



Many of the palaces of the nobles are magnifi- 

 cent, and enriched with galleries of paintings and 

 sculpture, cabinets of medals, scientific collec 

 tions, &c. Among the churches are St. Ste- 

 phen's, a large and noble Gothic edifice, the tow- 

 er of which, 450 feet high, is one of the loftiest 

 in Europe, and the c' urch of the Capuchins, 

 which contains the bm-ial vault of the imperial fam- 

 ily. The great hospital is remarkable i'or its ex- 

 tent, comprising 7 courts, planted with trees, 111 

 halls, and 2,000 beds, and receiving about 16,000 

 patients annually. The literary institutions are 

 important ; the university is one of the best in 

 Europe, particularly for the medical department, 

 and its library contains 110,000 volumes. 

 In Vienna and its environs are the greatest number of botanical gardens of any place of 

 equal extent in the world, and several of them are unrivaled by 

 any similar establishments. Pleasure is the great occupation ol' 

 the inhabitants of Vienna. In the environs are numeious park?, 

 and pretty towns. Schoenbrunn and Luxembuig are favorite sum- 

 mer residences of the emperor. 



Other towns in the Archduchy of Austria are vYews^flf/i, con- 

 taining 8,000 inhabitants, with flourishing manufactures, and con- 

 nected with Vienna by a canal ; Lintx, with 20,000, containing 

 extensive woolen manufactures, and connected v>ith the salt works 

 of Gmunden by a railroad ; <S/et/er, 10,000 inhabitants, noted for 

 the excellence and cheapness of its cutlery, which is exported to 

 all parts of Europe, and Saltzburg, with 14,000 inhabitants, with 

 a cathedral, archbishop's palace, several literary institutions^ and 

 manufactures. 



Agriculture is generally well managed. Wheat, barley, oats, 

 rye, peas. &c. are cultivated. In Lower Austria the vine is ex- 

 tensively cultivated Manufactures are pretty active, and Vienna 

 employs 80,000 artificers in different fabrics. The chief articles 

 are woolen, cotton, silk, leather, iron, steel, glass, porcelain, pa- 

 per, toys, and furniture. A railroad extends from Mauthausen on 

 the Danube to Budweis on the Moldau, 70 miles in length, thus 

 connecting the Elbe with the Danube. Another great project has 

 received the approbation of the Austrian and Russian governments ; 

 it contemplates the connexion of Vienna with Warsaw, in Poland, 

 by a railroad. The Vienna canal extends from Vienna to Neu- 

 stadt, 40 miles, and it is proposed to continue it to Tiieste. 



2. Duchy of Stiria. This province is bounded north by Aus- 

 tria, east by Hungary and Croatia, south by Carniola, and west by 

 Carinthia and Upper Austria. It is 125 miles in length and 70 in 

 breadth. It is divided into Upper and Lower Stiria, and contains 

 8,380 square miles, and 860,000 inhabitants. Upper Stiria is moun- 

 tainous ; many of its elevations are of great height. Lower Stiria 

 is more level. The rivers flow into the Danube and Drave. The 

 level parts are fertile ; cattle are pastured upon the mountains, and 

 these regions abound in wild animals. Minerals are abundant, as 

 iron, silver, load, and copper ; the iron mines of Eisenarz and Vor- 

 derberg are very productive. Fossil salt is also found here. Hot 

 baths and medicinal springs are common in Lower Stiria. Graetz, 

 a well-built town, and the capital of Stiria, contains a university, 

 with a rich library, and numerous other institutions for education, 

 among which the Johanneum, or college founded by the Archduke 

 John, is the principal. Its manufactures of cotton goods, hard- 

 ware, silk, &c., are extensive. Population, 34,000. 



Fireman of Vienna. 



Jlustrian IVoman. 



