INDIA, OR HINDOSTAN. 



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the shalice, a large piece of silk or cotton wrapped round the middle, falling gracefully below 

 the ancle of one leg, while it displays a part of the other. The upper end crosses the breast, 

 and is thrown forward again, over the head, or shoulder. The dark eyelashes are prolonged 

 Dy lines of black drawn from the corners of the eyes. The hands and feet are always adorned 

 with rings and jewels. 



The manner of building is simple, and many dwellings are of frame work of split bamboo, 



covered with mats. Some houses have 

 walls of mud, hardened to the consistency 

 of bricks. The habitations of the opulent 

 have two stories. In towns the architec- 

 ture has little resemblance to the Moorish. 

 The Gomeze or Mausoleum of Sultan 

 Mahmoud, at Bejapoor, is a gorgeous spe- 

 cimen of oriental architecture, built of 

 brick and chunam. It is a quadrangle of 

 150 feet square, with a dome 150 feet in 

 height. Its style is that of grandeur and 

 simplicity. The Mausoleum of Hyder Ali, 

 at Seringapatam, incloses the remains of 

 Hyder, his queen, and his son Tippoo Saib 

 The temples and mosqes are of no very 

 elegant order, but heavy and imposing. 

 The English residents often adopt a mixed 

 style of building, combining European con- 

 venience with adaptation to an Eastern 

 climate. 



The manner of living is as simple as 

 that of building. Only the impure castes 

 eat animal food. The only substitute is 

 fish, and some clarified butter. In the 

 south the low castes eat fowls, and the out- 

 castes, anything. Rice and vetches, are 

 general articles of food. Only the lowest 

 castes take intoxicating liquors or drugs. 

 Bang, made from hemp, and toddy, of the 

 palm, are the chief intoxicating substan- 

 ces. Tobacco and betel are generally 

 used. 



Mausoleum of Hyder Ali. 



An Englishman's House in India. 



The diseases most fatal to Europeans are fevers, and few such retain for years a good con- 

 stitution in India. Many of the diseases of Europe are common, and in the cholera Europe 

 has received the destroyer from Asia. The first outbreak of this frightful disease was in India, 

 and its ravages were rendered more appalling by the mystery of its origin and the superstition 

 of the natives. A spasmodic cholera has always existed in India, but it was not until 1817, 

 that it assumed the epidemic character. In the beginning of August it broke out with unpre- 

 cedented malignity at Jessore, 100 miles from Calcutta. From that time to the present it has 

 gradually spread over the most populous parts of Asia, and a considerable portion of Europe. 

 It is computed, that it has destroyed not less than 50,000,000 of people. It prevails over 

 every variety of climate, every natural barrier, or artificial defence. Its origin, nature, and 

 cure are unknown. It proceeds capriciously though generally on the great roads or routes of 

 communication, raging mostly where there are large bodies of peo])le. In the spasms the pain 

 IS terrific. The striking characteristics are great debility, extinction of tlie circulation, and 

 sudden cooling of the body. Having proceeded from India to the countries of southern 

 Asia, it entered Europe by the way of Astracan, and followed the course of the Volga. 

 It attacked the cities in Russia, Austria, Prussia, &c., and was next communicated to 

 England, where its ravages were slight, while at Paris and its vicinity, they were beyond all 

 parallel. In France it attacked all classes; in other countries the victims have been chiefly the 

 destitute, which are principally of the lower classes. The manner in which the disease is 



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