106 



THE GARDENERS' MAGAZINE. 



February 10, 1912. 



extensive rock garden, inoluding a small 

 bog garclen and a miniature moraine by 

 Messrs. Pu^haon and Son. TbLs garden 

 covers what was former'ly ta rough grass- 

 grown hill above the water lily pools in the 

 south-west corner of the old garden, to 

 which it will, when planted, m-ake a most 

 attractive addition. It is pointed out in 

 the report that the ga:rden lis not dBs.igne<l 

 to afford the mcst larti^ic arrangement of 

 stont wcrk, so mudh ais to provide 'a suitable 

 home for rock and alpine plants. A more 

 suitable home for the denizens of alpine 

 regions it would be difiBcult to obtain, for 

 it is jusft 6Uoh a Hiome as Nature has pro- 

 vided in various parts of the Alps of 

 Southern Europe, plus grea-ter fiaciilities for 

 growing a representative collection in a 

 given area than is found in natural rock 

 gardens. This department has ibeen placed 

 in charge of a foreman, having a special 

 knowledge of Tock gardening, and there 

 is full justification for the bejie*f that when 

 the garden has been fully furnished it will 

 form a feature immensely attractive and of 

 much importance educationally. The ex- 

 perimental work at Wisley is heing greatly 

 extended, and, in consequence of the in- 

 creased demands it is making upon the 

 time of the Director of the Lalboratory 

 and the necessity for his constant presence 

 in the garden to watch experiment-al work, 

 the Council have had a house built for him 

 in the gardens and appointed an assistant 

 lecturer. It is talso satisfactory to learn fi-om 

 the report that the Jiibrary whioh is now 

 under the direct control of the Coun^^il, 

 received a full sihare of attention during 

 the year, and that about 300 volumes, in- 

 wlving an expenditure of hetween £800 

 and £900 were, on the advice of the Library 

 Committee, purchased. It will thus be seen 

 that the Council, whi^e taking care of the 

 profits resulting from the work in which 

 the society is engaged, have given the 

 fullest attention to the several branches of 

 the societv's activities, and maintained the 



mJ -~ — _ 



by a miniature bridge, or approached by 

 picturesque stepping stones, a pleasing fea- 

 ture in which both rock and moisture-loving 

 plants may be coniibined as to pi-otluce a 

 charmirLg effect, and afford much to in- 

 terest the plant lover. We mention this a-s 

 evidence of the versatility cif Mr. Pnlham's 

 taste, and as showing that he is not less 

 successful in the construction of reck and 

 water gardens where tlic area available is 

 limited than in carrying out elaborate de- 

 signs in great gardens. This versatility of 

 taste ds aiso shown in tQie skill with whidh 

 the design is adapted to the environment 

 and the s^pecial purpose the rockery or 

 water garden is intended to serve. The 

 number of gardens in which the Messrs. 

 Pulham and Son having during the past 

 fifty years constructed rock gardens, and 

 formed, or greatly imprO'Ved, lakes and 

 streams are so numerous that it would re- 

 quire much space for the mention of any 

 considerable proportion of them. It must, 

 therefore suffice to say that examples of 



of efficiency. 



departments 



_r. James Kulham, w^ose por- 

 trait we have the pleasure of giving in this 

 issue is the leading memher of the old- 

 established firm of iM^STS. Pulham and Son, 

 who, for at least half a century, have 

 enjoyed a high repxitation for the great 

 excellence of their varied activities in beau- 

 tifying gardens. The firm has, indeed, 

 been so long estab'islhed that they might 

 well claim to be the pioneers in the art of 

 naturalistic rock and water garden scenery, 

 and also of formal garden craft carried out 

 in the Pulhamite and all kinds of natural 

 fitone. The well-p^anned and tastefully- 

 arranged rock garden, if produced with a 

 true conception of tbe teachings of Nature 

 in her most charming aspects, is one of 

 the most dolightful and interesting ad- 

 juncts to "a garden with some pretension to 

 versatility, and will afford an ahundant re- 

 turn for the cost of construction and the 



ment. It 



oted 



IS 



surprising what can be accomp-lished in the 

 improvement of the scenery of the garden 

 and the attractions of its environment when 

 -a full acquaintance with the essentials of 

 success in the formation of rock gardens 

 and the necessary taste are forthcoming. 

 (In not a few instances, the Messrs. Pulhani 

 have been able to .show how the a.spect of 

 some part of the garden may be changed, 

 and a quite new and attractive feature be 

 developed by a siimple method of procedure. 

 As for example, by tlu^ rrMiun-al of a hcdij;- 

 and the transffornritidn vA the dit<h on the 

 outer side into a running brooklet, with 

 rocky margins and waterfall, and spanner! 



their work 



may be seen at 

 House, Buckingham Palace, 

 Park, Battersea Park, liockinge, Preston 

 Park, Sandringham, Nevvpnirt, Welb( x'k 

 Abbey, Glenart Castle, Co. Wicklow, The 

 Dell, Englefield Green, Bawdsey Manor, 

 Waddesden Manor, and Worth Park. 



the more recentwork that has 



Aldenha m 

 Batsford 



Among 

 been carried 



out has been the en- 

 largement of the lake and water course, 

 with a series of waterfalls, at Beau- 

 desart for the Marquis of Anglesea, the 

 construction of rock and water garden, 

 lake and balustrade of terrace garden at 

 Thornby Hall, Xci tnampton ; terrace gar- 

 dens, balu>.tj'i(lo. >tt^p^, fjiuntnin, etc., at 

 Ardross Castle, under Mr. E. White; rock 

 and water garden, with Avaterf alls a nd 

 pools at Stanmore Hall ; and a new terrace 

 garden at The No;ie Welwvu. In addition 

 to these works is tlie construction of the 

 rock and water garden in the gardens of 

 the Royal Horticultural Society. This 

 garden has an area of nearly two acres, 

 and, as we hp,ve already intimated, is not 

 less remarkable for the judgment and taste 

 shown in its design and construction than 

 for its large area. As tasteful design and 

 utility have heen happily combined, the 

 garden will long be regarded as a model 

 of what a rock garden should be, irrespec- 

 tive of its area, and Mr. Pulham, who is 

 assisted in the various branches of the 

 business by his sons, may be heartily con- 

 gratulated on the success achieved. 



Interest in the International 

 Horticultural Exhibition. — Great 



interest is l)eing manifested in the forth- 

 coming exhibition by Continental horticul- 

 turists. A proof of this is afforded by the 

 fact that the secretary of the Societe 

 Nationale d'Horticulture de France, M. 

 Abel Chatenay, paid a visit to London on 

 the 30th of last month, and interviewcnl the 

 directors on the subject of a rraiigements 

 for the Fr(Mich exliibits. Invitations to 

 attend the Exhil>:tion have lieen distri- 

 buted over the whole world, and official re- 

 presentatives of all foreign countries and 

 of every Colony have been invited to the 

 various functions and conferences. Since 

 the issue of the last published list of pre- 

 sentation cups and other special prizes the 

 directors have been informed, tlirouglt Mr. 

 James Whitton, one of the se-r<'taiies for 

 Scotland, that the city of (MasgoAv will 

 ofFer a silver cup for the best exhibit of 

 hardv trees and shrubs suitable for planting 

 in congested areas. The question of tlic 

 sui*^abilitv of various tr( es for <'nltivat on 

 iu <]eii-elv-popuhtte(l towns i^ossesvi^-^ grt-.it 

 interest inieverv ]> trk superintendent, and 

 for all who are eiig-iged in pnbli- gardening. 

 Arrangements for the social functions m 



connection with the Exhibition are nearing 

 completion, and the Reception Committee, 

 through the chairman, Sir Albert K. RoUit, 

 has presented its report to the directors. 

 The Right Hon. W. Runciman, a member 

 of his Majesty's Government, will attend 

 and speak at the lunch to be given in the 

 Exhibition grounds on the opening day to 

 the members of the jury and administra- 

 tion. 



The Scientific Interest In 



Sweet Peas.— Mr. T. H. Dipnall, M.A., 



writes, in answer to Mr. Cuthbertvson : ''My 

 authority for stating that ' if you cross the 

 exceptional members of a coupling system 

 you reverse the system of their progeny' 

 will be found in a paper ' On the Inter- 

 relations of Genetic Factors,' " by W. Bate- 

 son. F.R.S., and R. C. Punnet t, published 

 in the Proceed'ngs of the Royal Society, 

 B, Vol. 84, 1911. In the "Sweet Pea 

 Annual" of 1912 will be found, under my 

 name, a review — or, rather, an epitome— 

 of this paper, and another by the same 

 authors, in which this question of coupling 

 and repulsion is treated. 



The Late Sir Joseph Hooker.— 



The current issue of the Kew Bulletin" 

 (No. 1, 1912) is of special interest; for, in 

 addition to various contributions of scien- 

 tific value, it contains a full and admirably- 

 written biography of the late Sir Joseph 



This biography extends over 

 thirty-four pages, of which one-half are 

 devoted to an enumeration of his \yrdtings 

 during his long and remarkably active life. 

 With reference to the position occupied by 

 this distinguished botanist, the writer ob- 



''It is to his contributions to the 



Hooker. 



serves : 



field of botanical philosophy that Hooker 

 largely owes his place in the roll of fame. 

 His florestic work, though done with the 

 hand of a master, is, after all, work that, 

 if not done as well, might still have been 

 done by others. But the philosophical 

 papers, which commence with his share in 

 the introductory essay to the '' Flora In- 

 dica," in 1855, and end with his sketch of 

 the vegetation of India in 1904, are those 

 in which stand revealed the teacher we 

 have lost." A feature of these philosophical 

 contributions which arrests the attention 

 and compels admiratiiui is the style m 

 ^^hich they were written. 



Western 



Potato 

 Australia. 



Culture in 



—The Government of AVes- 



tern Australia placed an order with Messrs. 

 Sutton and Sons for 165 tons of seed pota- 

 toes, to be shippeil to the Western State 

 of the Commonwealth. The selection was 

 made with the greatest care under the 

 direct inspection of the British Board ot 

 Agriculture. The first consignment of 

 tons was despatched by the ss. Masunda. 

 The object of this importation is to im- 

 prove the type of potato grown in the State 

 and to secure immunity from disease. 1^* 

 tato growing is an expanding industry m 

 AVe-stcrn Australia, and great care is being 

 taken, both by tlu^ grower and the Govern- 

 ment to ])revcnt contamination by disease. 

 Th(^ C\ipel district is one of tlie best for the 

 cultivat'on of potatoes in Western Austra- 

 lia, and it is stated bv the State Agricul- 

 tural Comirassi(;ncr, Mr. J. M. B. Connor, 

 in a recent official report, that the soutli- 

 western portion of Western Australia en- 

 joys the distinction of being the onlv part 

 of* the Commonwealth in whi: h absolutely 

 clean potatoes can be procured. A\ e I^^^J^^ 

 that the balance of tho order^-viz., 1^^ 

 tons- was shipped for their long vovnge. 

 (tn lK);ird tlic st-nnier " Jennnra." on M*'^^' 

 dav. Febninfv r.. The tnh.Ms. after lu^i^n 

 r-arofullv examined and liandpi^'kt^'^ 

 M.^ssrs.'Sniion\s st:»ff. were si)»H-i dlv ])a:-kt^jt 

 in l)<»\es (in ex])resslv-prcpa red material ■ 

 with a view to the ])rotracted journey, eacu 



