230 



THE GARDENERS' MAGAZINE. 



March 



1912. 



cloning of a thorough acquaiutauce with the 

 practical details of the art. In the course 

 of his training in gardening Mr. Goudehad 

 opportunities for becoming well acquainted 

 with the practical work in both nurseries 

 and private gardens, and it is evident that 

 these opportunities were taken full advan- 

 tage of ; for, on the completion of the pre- 

 paratory stages of his gardening career, he 

 became* manager of a market nursery at 

 Worthing, and two or three years later he 

 received an important appointment as head 

 gardener in Bedfordshire. Eleven years 

 ago Mr. Goude went to Norfolk to take up 

 an appointment as gardener and steward, 

 and during the period he occupied the posi- 

 tion he achieved much success, and was a 

 formidable competitor at the Norwich s:lu)ws 

 and some other of the principal exhibitions 

 in the county. Mr. Goude's present posi- 

 tion gives him abundant opportunity for 

 preaching what he used to practise, for 

 during the lecturing season he reguhirly 

 lectures five nights each week ; and, as evi- 

 dence of his ability in imparting knowledge, 

 it may be mentionetl that the lectures are 

 well attended. During the daytime demon- 

 strations are given for gaideners and small 

 holders. I^ectures and demonstrations do 

 not, however, ('xhnust Mr. Goude's activi- 

 ties in the cause of li()rti<'ult ural education. 

 School gardtMis ;ir(^ -dotted all over the 

 county, and these liave to be periodically 

 visited, :nid teachers' classes are held every 

 Satur<lay for those who are about to take 

 up the subject of gardening. "While taking 

 the keenest interest in the whole of the im- 

 portant duties associated with his position, 

 Mr. Goude would appear to be especially 

 interested in school gardening^ this being 

 greatly stimulated hy the endeavour of the 

 lx>ys to understand the instrtictions given 

 them in connection with gardening. 



The Irish Cup for the 

 na.tiona.1 Exhibition. 



inter- 



At the 



monthly met^ting of the Royal Horticultural 

 Society of Ireland the Irisli Cup that has 

 been purchased for presentation by the 

 society to the Uoyal International Horti- 

 cultural Exliihition was place<l on the table, 

 a!id was niucli admii-ed. \n iho course of 

 the meeting Sir Frederick Moore, the hon. 

 secretary' of the fund raised for the pur- 

 chase of the cup, gave i^ome particulars of 

 the amount raised. He stated that the 

 response was so generous that it had been 

 resolved to present a second cup^ which 

 would be offered for alpine plants, and to 

 give the cash balance in aid of the Belfast 

 rose show, which will be held on July 19 by 

 the Ulster Rose and Floral Society in con- 

 junction witli tlie National Rose Society. 



Scottish Forestry.— It will be a 

 matter for much regret ^ writes our Al>er- 

 deen correspondent, if Scottish forestry is 

 to be made the subject of jealousies l^e- 

 tween rival institutions. Apparently this 

 would seem to be the case, if we are to judge 

 from the agitation started in the Edinburgh 

 Press against Aberdeen T'niversity l^eing 

 selected by the Scottish Forestry Com- 

 mission as the seat of the first chair of for- 

 estry in Scotland. Evidently it has come 

 to the ears of the Edinburgh authorities 

 that it is the intention of the Commission 

 to reeominend Aberdeen as the demonstra- 

 tion art a. '^ut^ if sOj it is information which 

 no one else seems to possess, as the long- 

 deferred report of the Comnu'ssion has not 

 yet been issued. Be that as it may, if such 

 decision has been made, it is a wise one. 

 Xo one wishes for one moment to minimise 

 the great services rendered by Edinburgli 



cause of forestry But 

 it is to the future, not the past, we must 

 look. Looking to the future we must, says 

 one of our leading forestry authorities in 



the North, take the country as a whole, 

 and see where the greatest areas of wood- 

 lands are ; and not only that, but where 

 the bulk of afforestable land is situated. 

 This is undoubtedly in the north. It must 

 be borne in mind \hat, in all probability, 

 the demonstration area— which is acknow- 

 ledged on all hands to be one of the first 

 essentials, and the establishment of which^ 

 we may presume, is among the recommen- 

 dations of the Commission-^would be the 

 working centre of forestry extension, and 

 would not be merely used as an object 

 lesson for forestry students. The great bulk 

 of the work will be on the waste ground 

 suitable for the establishment of economic 

 forests; and, this being for the most part 

 in the northern half of Scotland, it is rea- 

 sonable to suppose the demonstration area 

 should be there also. 



Conference on 

 Education. 



Horticultural 



of the 



By perm.ssion 

 Principal, a conference on horticultural 

 educ-ation will l>e held, under the auspices 

 of the North of England Horticultural So- 

 ciety^ at Armstrong College, Newcastle, on 

 Saturday, May 4, commencing at 3 p.m. 

 Earl Giey, president of the N.E.H.S., will 

 preside, and the main object of the confer- 

 ence will be to consider : (a) Work already 

 being done ; (b) How horticulture can 

 actually f>e taught in the classroom, and 

 the subjects suitable; (c) How horticulture 

 is to be taught in the new Farm Institutes ; 

 (d) How can classes for young gardeners 

 i n isol at ed places be formed , especially 

 when thev ai*e few in numl)er. Should 

 capable head gardeners be subsidised to 

 teach horticidture to such lads? (e) How 

 far is it possible for such an art as horti- 

 culture — a matter of practical skill 

 guided by rules''- — to be taught at all ex- 



cept in a garden ? 



British Pteridoiogicai 



Ciety. — We have received No. 11 of the 

 ''British Fern Gazette. " the organ of the 

 society, and^ as usual, this contains much of 

 interest to those who appreciate the charms 

 of our native ferns. Of special interest is 



" The Narrative of a Resuscitated Collec- 

 tion," in which Mr. W. B. Cranfield de- 

 scribes in a highly interesting manner how in 



the summer of 1908 he transferred the large 

 collection of British ferns formed by the 

 late Mr. James Moly from the latter's re- 

 sidence at Charmouth^ Dorset, to his gar- 

 den at Enfield. 



ion of Finchamp- 



R i d g e s.^The committee ap- 

 pointed at a rtH-ent meeting at AVellington 

 College for the purpose of carrying 

 through the scheme for the preservation to 

 the public of the view from the summit of 

 Finchampstead Ridges, have decided to ap- 

 proach the trustees of the Bear Wood 

 Estate for the purpose of obtaining some 

 additional land in the area. It is under- 

 stood that the vendor is so far favourable 

 to the project a.s to have intimated hs 

 intention to contribute to the scheme. 



Contact insecticides.— The sub- 

 stances which kill insect pests through com- 

 ing into contnct with the outer surface of 

 the insect body liave been investigated at 

 the Michigan Agricidtural College for the 

 purpose of deternnning exactly how such 

 substances kill. It is commonly supposed 

 that they act by plugging up the breathing 

 pores, thus causing de^ath by suffocation; 



that air saturated with the vapour of vari- 

 ous insecticides was nearly as effective as 

 the liquids themselves. Further tesu 

 showed that in the use of many insecticides 

 such as kerosene^ gasolene, creolin and 

 pyrethrum^ vapour penetrated the tissues 

 and caused' death long before the liquid 

 or powder itself had time to penetrate the 

 chitin, or to cause suffocation by the phr^. 

 ging of the tracheae. The evidence obtain^ 

 seemed to show that the vapours after 

 absorption in the insect body^ become 

 mainly effective through the tendency of 

 their presence to prevent absorption of oxy- 

 gen by the tissues. 



^ The i-lardy Plant Year Book, 



of which we have received a cop3' Avithin the 

 past few days^ is of interest as the first 

 of the annual publications of the National 

 Hardy Plant Society, and of value for the 

 information it contains on the cultivation 

 and exhibition of the plants with which the 

 society is immediately concerned. The con- 

 tents include the annual report, the rules 

 and bye-laws, a full report of the confer- 

 ence held at Shrewsbury in August last, 

 articles on a visit to Friar Park Gardens, 

 seasonal borders of hardy flowers, autumn 

 flowers in the rock garden, and insects in- 

 jurious to hardy plants. There are descrip- 

 tive lists of the new plants of the past year 

 and garden varieties of flowers ^vhich 



received recognition. The first of these is 

 imsatisfactory, inasmuch as it couAeys the 

 impression that there is but one gardening 

 paper in which new plants are illustrated 

 and described. 



National Diploma in Horticul- 

 ture.— To enable the North of England 

 Horticultural Society to effectively con- 

 sider this scheme and co-operate with the 

 Science and Education Committee of the 

 Royal International Horticultural Exh:hi- 

 tion, in May next, the council have ap- 

 pointed the following Special Committee: 

 Major J. W. Dent, RiKston Hall. 

 AVetherby; R. Farrer^ Esq., Ingleborough; 

 Professor M. E. Sadler, LL.D., Vice-Chan- 

 cellor, The X^niversitv, Leeds; Professor J. 

 H. Priestley, B.Sc, F.L.S. ; Professor R. S. 

 Set-on, B.Sc. ; Professor F. E. Weiss, D.Sc. 

 Dean, The Fniversitv, Manchester; Mr. A. 

 J. AUsop, Mr. P. Clapham, Mr. H. 

 Dobson, Mr. J. Donoghue, Mr. W. B. 

 Little, and Mr. G. Taylor. 



Tobacco Culture in Canada. 



— Canada raises a good deal of the tobacco 

 which is conisumed in the country. The 

 industry is of recent origin, and its p'O- 

 gress has been greatly forwarded by the 

 work of the Tobacco Division of the Gov- 

 ernment Experimental Farms, which ha^ 

 helped the growers in selecting and test- 

 ing tlie right kinds to grow, and also f>y 

 practical demonstrations of the best pro- 

 cesses of curing the leaf. The improveni^^n^ 

 of the quality may be imagined avIkh ■ 

 is stated that some 15 yeax's ago samp^'- 

 of the tobacco then grown by the Qufi'J 

 farmer for his own use, upon being^^^^ 

 mitted to several of the leading tobacco 

 manufacturers in the Tnited King^loin. 



•as pronounred to be of a quality qj'^^. 

 nfit for their purposes; that, m tU^^ 



for it might be fomid tor 



opinion, a use 



fumigation puipnses, as an ii^-^"^'^^.^^, . j,, 

 greenhouses : and tliat its coinnHMx-iai vai 



was about Id. a pouml. Tohiut-o ^^'^^ \v 

 sent raised almost entirely in Queboc a 

 Onti 



ino. 



The total crop last year - 

 20,000,000 lbs., two-thirds of the wiK- 



but it was found extremely difficult to kill crop bein<r raised in the latter provinc^^ 

 many insects in a reasonable time merely ^ 

 by depriving them of air, and it is con- 

 cluded that the certain and fairly rapid 

 death caused bv such m.aterials as kerosene 

 and gasolene cannot be due to the stoppage 

 of the tracheae alone. It was also found 



The yield averages 1,500 lbs. per acre 

 normal years, and if well cured ' j 



from 6d. to 7id. per lb. for ^'binders, J 

 from 4d. to 4id. for pipe tobacco, -lotja 

 is one of the most paying crops. 

 generally grown in areas of 1 to 



