August 3, 1912. 



THE GARDENERS' MAGAZINE^ 



603 



systems if they produce no better results. 

 The first things requisite tor horticultural 

 education are — a good teacher, a lecture room 

 and laboratory, a sympathetic and encourag- 

 ing educational authority, and a standard- 

 ised syllabus that shall embody the base 

 principles of the profession. Perhaps it may 

 be said that any such system would be a neg- 

 lect of the practical. Where the students are 

 gardeners the practical can be left to look 

 after itself, at least in the early stages. From 

 experience we all know the average gardener 

 is fairly proficient in his practice but weak 

 in his theory. 



What a gardener should learn, in profit to 

 himself, is unlimited. Generally it cannot 

 be too wide, and specially it should be 

 directed to his calling, which will demand 

 a knowledge of botany, zoology, and geology. 

 The elementary and second stages in the first 

 subject requires but little modification to 

 fit it to the gardener, but a special syllabus 

 in both the other subjects will need to be 

 drawn up to meet the gardener's require- 

 ments'. The whole training in these sub- 

 not occupy more than a four 

 Once a student has made 



jects should 

 years' study, 

 his mind to 



up 



try for something higher than 

 the position of head gardener then he will 

 be prepared to extend his studies. He must 

 learn by practice the most up-to-date 

 methods for all work, and for this purpose it 

 would be necessary for him to attend courses 

 — here the short course may be of value 

 at an experimental garden. 



To meet the case of the working gardener, 

 I would suggest classes in s-econdary educa- 

 tion between 7 p.m. and 10. Tliese classes 

 are popular in the cotton districts of Lanca- 

 hire, and there is no great reason why they 

 should not be tried elsewhere. A young lad 

 leaving school could without effort attend 

 one class a week. Granting the lessons were 

 honestly worked and continued till the ages 

 of 22-25, a fair amount of general and spe- 

 cial training could be got in, more than 

 enough to make an intelligent worker in 

 Nature's workshop, instead of one who works 



this way and that because his chief taught 

 him so. 



The best education in practice is obtained 

 not by staying a long time at one bisf place, 

 but by stopping short periods at good places. 

 If a young man migrates, say every two 

 years, he should satisfy himsel'f beforehand 

 that a new place will extend his previous 

 practical experience. Mr. Hale's suggestion 

 of an organised system of exchange of young 

 gardeners deserves the deepest consideration. 

 This migration has one drawback. In many 

 country districts it will not be possible to 

 get two classes, representing different stages 

 in the instruction, running contemporane- 

 ously. This means a young man leaving 

 Stage II. and migrating to Stage I. will 

 have a waiting break in his study. With a 

 little thought this could be remedied. 



Let the gardener once realise that the 

 diploma is only granted after an intense 

 training that must reach a standard which 

 IS altogether unnecessarily high for his 

 "v^ork, then he will regard it as hopeless, and 

 the consequent apathy will keep him at 

 about the same level of educational ineffi- 



■ 



Ciency. On the other hand, foster his hopes 

 by an intermediate award, that will meet all 

 his working requirements, and at the same 

 time incur little expense, then the probabili- 

 ties are created that many gardeners, after 

 reaching the intermediate stage, will continue 

 their studies, it may be from love, or it may 

 be with the prospect of obtaining a higher 

 position in life. It is the gardener — the 

 worker, and not the lecturer or professor, 

 that stands in most need of facilities for 

 progress. Elevate the worker and workers 

 "Will supply all the lecturers needed. 



. ^ny system of education that omits the 

 initiial stages and ignores the worker is 

 faulty, and cannot be permanent. There is 

 no need for a feverish haste. Certainly, it 

 would be wiser to build slowly and well than 

 to hasten the matter, and produce a system 

 that is productive of little more than dissatis- 

 faction. 



METEOROLOGICAL 



OBSERVATIONS. 



TAKTIN IN THE ROYAL HOKTICULTURAL 

 SOCIETY'S GARBENS at WISLEY. SURllEY. 



Hedgrht above Sea-level, 150 feet. 



Date. 



* 



a 



'A 

 O 

 CQ 



Temperature of thb 



Air. 



1912. 

 July 21 



TO 



July 27. 



At 9 a.m. 



Dny 



Nigbt 



Dry 

 Bulb. 



Wet 

 Bulb. 



HiRll- 



est. 



Low- 

 est. 



Jul/ 21— Sanday 



23— Monday 



23— Tuesday 



„ i;4 -Weduesday.. 



„ 25 -Tbureaay .... 



„ 26— Friday,. 



27— Saturday 



br. m. 



^ 54 



0 48 



1 36 

 8 t> 

 7 36 



7 24 



8 18 



deg. 

 64 

 62 

 66 

 70 

 70 

 67 

 69 



59 



62 

 62 



61 

 63 



deg. 

 71 

 67 

 70 



77 

 75 

 74 

 74 



deg. 

 51 



57 

 55 



57 

 51 

 59 



Means 



(total) 

 37 42 



67 



61 



72 



54 



Date. 



1912. 

 July 21 



TO 



July 27. 







itie. 



July 21- 







22- 





001 



» 23 





0-05 



2fc 



—Wednesday,. 



trace 



25- 



—Thursday.... 





» 26 







o 27 



Saturday ... 



trace 







(total) 





Means 



0 UB 



S5 

 < 



Tkmpkrature of 

 THE Soil 

 At 9 A.M. 



At, 

 1 ft, 

 deep. 



deg. 

 6-1 

 63 

 64 

 6* 

 66 

 6fi 

 67 



64 



At 

 2 ft. 



deep, 

 deg. 



62 

 62 

 62 

 63 

 64 

 64 



62 



At 

 4 ft. 



deep. 



deg. 

 61 



61 

 61 

 61 

 61 

 61 

 61 



a. 

 O 



o 



P 



H 

 PS 



CO 



o 



61 



deg. 

 42 

 41 

 54 



51 

 5L 

 42 

 49 



47 



FORTHCOMING ENGAGEMENTS. 



MONDAY, August 5.— Bank Holiday. 

 Foxlydiate and Hewell ^^unimer ::*iliow. 

 Cleve-don Horticultural iSociety. 

 Ctlewr Horticultural Society. 

 Care.luilton Suuiuier Show. 

 Eiton \Vick Flower -:^how. 

 Weybridge Flower Sdiow. 

 Bletcjliley tnd Fenny Stratford 



Summer Show. 



TUECS©'AY, August 6.— Leice^ster Slower Sliuw ; two 



daye. 



Barry Flower Show. 



Soo(tti«li HorticTiltLral Aiseooiation, 



.Mecisr^s. W. Artindale and ^km'e Sweet Pea Pliow. 



Panteg Ho'mcultural .S-ociety. 

 WEDNElSBAY. Auguet 7.— BridgenU Flower ^'llow. 



Sit. Fag-au's Flower Show. 



Ipsden Flower i.^-how. 

 THUEiSa>AY, Augiifeit 8.— Harrogate Summer Show. 



North of E^ngland Horticultural Socieity 

 Harrogate. 



Sheffield. Horticultural Soeiety. 

 FRIDAY, August 9.---Shilton Flower Show. 

 iSiATUlilXAY, Augtiist 10.— Aberdei'u LSweet Pea Show. 



Nel&on Horticultural Society. 



at 



• « ■ 



■ > ■ 



• ■ ■ 



4 > ■ 



• ■ * 



P > ' 



■ ■ 



CONTENTS. 



A Seven-flowered. Sweet Poa Spike 

 Aufi w e rs to Co r res po n de n ts 

 Eigelovia graveolens 

 Oelfiia cretica Cliveden Variety 

 Crinums for Garden Decoration 



Cypripedium bellatuluni 



Dahlia Cultivation for E3diibition 



D ip lade Ji'ii\ B o 1 i v i e n s is 



Kxaraiuatioii of Scluuil Teachers in Cottage 



and A U'ltinviu CJ.-inlt'ning 



K s h i b i t i on und .\ I tM t i n : 



ilortieulTura ! Kflueatiou iu Fraue+^ 

 l.vclmic^ (\eii-nisa 

 N iilularium pie. uiu 

 Note of the Wrek 

 0}.^it"iit.\i\ »»■ ■'■ 

 Oriirin of Countess Speucer .Sw^vt IV'a 



riiius Banks, ana- 



Primula malai-oiil - 



I'rizt' (^irii:iTiMii> ar HinuinLiham 



(Quantity v. (^u:i]ity 



SouK^ liotMl Bu.TouhoIe Kosevs 



Tall t t 111 1 aiiuias 



The .la :-ol>. a Lily 

 TliL- U'>.-f (iar.icii ;it Kevv 



Tra il t' N t :t ■ 



\\i\<[ V.i'yy wo^th Growing 

 Work lor tne Week 



• ' " 



■ r ■ 



- ■ I 



■ . * 



P . 



t * 1 



■ ■ 



• t • 



* ■ 



■ > « 



■ , ■ 



t * * 



Page 



592 

 604 

 593 



591 

 594 



rm 



592 

 596 



597 

 599 



ml 



599 

 597 

 594 

 587 



596 

 596 

 593 

 591 

 597 

 595 

 602 

 589 

 598 



ILLrSTl?ATIONS. 

 Portrait: r. .Inhn Gardner. 5S7 ; H:emauthus An- 

 drouu da. ■")S!» ; Crl^^ia eretiea. Clivfxlen Variety, 

 591; A Seveii-tiuwereil Si'ikc of Sweet Pe^i Mrs. 

 Hartlea.-th' Syk^^_ 592; Cypriixxlium Ix'llattiium, 

 593; Crinum M^iorei in a Sheltere<l Bn^rder ,at 

 Kew 5iU ; \ iew in the Hose Gai-den at Kvw, 

 595; llr. \V. H. Parton's First Pri/.e Twelve Car- 

 nations at Birmingham Show, 596, 



MARKETS* 



♦ ■ 



COVENT GARDEN, 



Flowers. 



fairly ^ood requc^'t is met by large supplies at 

 moderate prices. 



Adiantum cuneatum ... per doz. 

 Asparagus plumosus ... per doz. 



Sprengeri per doz. 



Ac^ters white per doz. 



Bouvardia p«r doz. 



Oarnationfi l>er 



bun. 

 bun. 

 bun. 

 bun. 

 bun. 

 doz. 



per doz. bun. 



Malmai^on per doz. 



Cattloyas P^-r doz. 



Chrysanthemum maximum per doz. bun. 



Coreopsis l->t'r doz. bun. 



Cornflowers per doz. bun. 



Oroton leaves per bun. 



Delphiniums per doz. bun. 



Eucharifi per doz. 



French fern per doz. bun. 



Gaillardias l>er doz. bun. 



Gardenias \^'^ ^'oz. 



Gladiolus Colvillei per doz. bun. 



Gyj-teophila per doz. bun. 



Lapageria doz. 



Lilium auratum per bun. 



sp«ciofium per doz. 



longiflorum per doz. 



Lily of the Valley per doz. bun. 



Margueniies per doz. bun. 



Mignonette per doz. bun. 



Mvoflotis per doz. bun. 



Odontoglosaunxs per doz. blms. 



PelargoniLma ix^r doz. bun. 



Poppies per doz. bun. 



Hoses P«r <3o^' 



Scabioufi per doz, bun. 



Smilax per doz. trails 



Spiraea per doz. bun. 



Stocks per doz. bun. 



Sweet Peas per doz. bun. 



Sveet Sultaa per doz. bun. 



Ti'beroeee l>€r doz. 



Violas P^T 



Fruits. 



There is an rxe<'lh'iit (h-ninud for all kinde of fniit^. 



Apples, Australian per box 



Knglieh per bu.sh. 



Apricote per i-sieve 



Bananas per ^^n- 



Oherrits per ^-sieve 



C-urrants, Black per i-bueh. 



Red per i-bu&h. 



Ficrs l>^r* 



Gooeeberrie.-^ per ^-bueh. 



Grapes. Kiii^li^ per lb. 



Beljian per lb. 



Guernsey l>*^r lb. 



Grtengragee per box 



Lema-nis P^^" ^'-^^^ 



Melons ^ach 



Cantaloupe ^^"^ 



Nectarines V^^ ^^z. 



Orangeisi K^' ^'^-'^^ 



Peaches l'*'^" 



Pcang P^^'" '>'^^^i- 



Pears, French IH'r l^ox 



Pin&apples 



Plums per I -sieve 



Pai;pberries i>^r doz. pun. 



Strawberries per doz. pun. 



4 



8 



8 



H 



6 



1 



10 



3 



9 

 2 



0 



0 



1 



6 

 2 



2 



0 



2 



2 

 2 



1 

 4 

 1 

 1 



8 



1 



4 



3 



1 



3 



1 



0 

 2 



2 



4 

 3 

 1 

 3 

 C 

 0 



d. 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 9 

 9 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 9 

 0 

 6 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 

 0 

 9 

 0 

 0 

 0 



I) 



0 

 0 

 4 

 9 



to 



8. 



6 

 16 



I'Z 



o 



7 

 2 



14 



8 



12 



3 



1 



1 



1 



8 



3 



4 



1 



3 



8 



3 

 2 



5 



2 

 2 



15 

 3 



4 



2 

 6 



1 



2 



3 

 3 

 6 

 4 

 3 

 5 

 0 

 1 



d. 

 0 



0 



0 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 



0 

 0 



0 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 

 6 

 6 

 0 

 0 



0 

 0 

 0 

 0 

 6 

 0 



vegetables. 



r — cj 



very good demand. 



Artichokes, Globe I»r doz. 



Ar|>aragufi V^^ 



Aubergines r*"i" ^^^Y" 



BeautS, Guernsev 1"'^" 



Uunner V*'^' '"'''li- 



3^^^ IHT ')U>-h. 



Cabbage l'^ ^' ^=i^'>' 



Cbrrote l>er doz. bun. 



Cauliflowers per doz. 



Cucumberti P^^ 



Kndive per doz. 



Horse-radish per doz. bun. 



Ix^ttuce per score 



Marrows per doz. 



"SMnt ■• I"*^''' uun. 



Mushrooms P<?r doz. lbs. 



Onions per case 



Parsley per doz. bun. 



IVas l^^ bush. 



Badishes pt r doz. bun. 



Rhubarb per doz. bun. 



Spinach pt^r but^h. 



Tomatoes. English per doz. lbs. 



Guernsey per doz. lbs. 



Turnips per doz. bun. 



Watercress per doz. bun. 





d. 



6. 



d. 



6 



0 



10 



6 



3 



0 



8 



0 



6 



0 



7 



6 



4 



6 



13 



0 





0 



13 



0 



G 



0 



9 



0 



4 



0 



6 



6 



1 



6 



6 



0 



2 



0 



5 



0 



1 



0 



4 



0 



0 



6 



1 



0 



0 10 



1 



6 



0 



9 



2 



0 



8 



0 



32 



0 



0 



6 



3 



0 



0 



0 



6 



0 



3 



0 



15 



0 



10 



G 





0 



4 



0 



15 



0 



3 



6 



6 



0 



3 



C 



4 



6 



2 



0 



4 



6 



3 



0 



5 



0 



3 



6 



7 



0 



4 



6 



8 



0 



id 



there 



is 



a 



e. 



d. 



e. 



d. 



2 



0 to 



2 



6 



2 



0 



10 



0 





0 



3 



0 



0 



4 



C 



s 





i\ 



3 



ii 



o 



0 



3 



0 



5 



0 



6 



0 



2 



0 



3 



0 



1 



0 



3 



0 



1 



6 



3 



0 



1 



6 



3 



0 



10 



0 



13 



0 



0 



9 



1 



0 



1 



0 



2 



0 





0 



2 



6 



6 



0 



10 



0 



6 



0 



8 



0 



2 



0 



3 



0 



3 



6 



9 



0 



0 



9 



1 



6 



3 



0 



3 



0 



1 



6 



2 



6 



3 



0 



3 



9 



3 



0 



3 



3 



2 



0 



3 



0 



0 



4 



0 



6 



LONDON POTATO MARKETS. 



Prieee ishow little alteration from those previously 



a. d. B. d. 



Bedfords Per ? *J ^ ^ 



Lincoln.^ 1'^'' * *^ ^ " 



