808 



THE 



GARDENERS' MAGAZINE. 



October 19, 1912. 



top-dressing. Herecominendtnl tfic growin ot' 

 cordoriH. bushes, and pyramids in prefcr*^nce 

 to tall standards, and with the maintenance 

 of a good balance between root and branL'li 

 growtn. 



With regard to grape vines, the lecturer 

 advised grower:* to have shallow, well- ven- 

 tilated (^orders etficiently drained. 



Dr. Crallan, tlie fw;puhir PrcHident. occu- 

 pied the chair. A <^imd discussion took place, 

 and cordial vott^ thanks were pa>,Hed to 

 both cliairrnaa and lecturt-r. The attendance 

 of members was vt rv lar^r. 



THERMOMETERS. 



I iu' irrniit'irientd and utt ii-^iU i i ro-.try tn 

 til.* i^uipinent of a large gar<len aiv many 

 I nd varied in character, and not t he least 

 itnptirtaut of these are thermometers of strict 

 accuracy and scieutitic construction. A re- 

 cent visit to Meswra. Negretti and Zambra'.s 

 cstabli.^hntent at 38^ IloU>oru Viaduct, K.('., 

 gave us an ins-ight into the wonderful variety 

 that exist*s, and tho fault Ichh manufaicture 

 that is ensured in the thermometers made by 

 this well-known firm . 



Instruments air rii:idr t'nr cvvry possible 

 imrjwwe, and many of t iu- t iiermometers are 

 made specially t<> the nt^nln <»f the lu^'ti- 



t uU nrist . rit her i n the oper.. or in glass- 

 In nisrs. i'or t hr modest sum of Hh. 6d. a 

 ticU-registering t hermometer is obtainable, 

 the senile of which is made of permanently- 

 enamelled shert steel. It has the distinct 

 adv.i lit .is^t' mT iirini; fitted with an adjustable 

 index by ^^t'an-^ ui winch the lowest tempera, 

 t uro during tho night is self-registered , 



whilst tho coloured spirit, of course, indicates 

 the exact temperature at any moment, night 

 or day. Six*H self -registering maximnm aiul 

 minimum temperature t hmnnmrt ers arr ai-ii 



ext renu'ly nsof nl, .show in ^- at ,i l^^I .nu r wli.it 

 has Ikmmi t 1i»* m in i rnu?n and maxinmtn 

 temperatnn- siiu'i* t hf la-^t adjustment, which 

 iHetT(^-tcd in an inf^tant Ky tin- application of 

 a stnall niairnrt t i ml \ . A ti . N ^ t rn-ii 1 



t ho!'m<mu't«T . wliit ii l"v iiu-.nu "t -i \ rv\ in- 



■ 4 



Lrminii.^ (Irsnr i.^ m.Hlr \<* I'lnir a wlicn- 



rVi-y t lu' ! rni pcr.l t II I I' 1 ,l 1 1 I h • I nw .i rt'i't a i n 



|)*Hn t . of nn nu*n - t n la rgi' i-st a it- 



lishuHMits, wlierr t lit : \ f on>ivc ranirt s 



of ela>s-hon-^<'s. Ml'- ' (i- i m ^>fnctcr niav 

 lnni<^ in tiir ^^n tMi}ioM-,r-s and the ht'il in tlie 



" >t h V or !■ .1 i (b nr r\ hoii - r<»nnnnnication 

 ; lii; . iK' .n t:* li hy .1 \\ ]r^^ from t he batter^. 



\.-- -oi.i! t il,' tt nipt iat Hit' in tlie greenhouse 

 falls lo a point that entail-- ri-k oi injury to 

 the plants the bo 11 rin!jf> and < on t irnu'^ to 

 ring until tlu* >tok;'i- ha- ofivt-n iu- attvniioit 

 to the matter, Thns tlio m.ni on dutv mav 

 take f! i re>t with the a --su im net' ot iiennjf 



awakt'ntd in the e\'ent "^t hi-, tir.'-v r«'ituinn<x 

 attent ion. 



A not hi'r in- 1 rumen t t ha ' i ^ Mie 



praetiral valnc ol' srientitir rxp* ; . the 

 horticultural h vij^rottiete!'. Tins mav b,. fl,-- 



* ■ 



f-en bt'd a-- a " t ro-t itui iea t or . " -jiow i n<^' 

 a(h"ame the approa^ h of ti-o-t. A brii ! 

 plana t ion of (hi* p; i e ; 1 1 ■ ■ , 'i \\ Isirh 



hyy;rom*'ter work- Tf 

 impres>inn of a 



maehine. but ai: the ni.-trnnient 



and cxaTuiniiiir with a perusal 



of a, vrry elear pa!';p : »■ issued by tlie firm, 

 '■in irra-p the ma^r^ r in a moment, anil the 

 pos-r-.iun itf ,m.. ut rle\-v,' little " |)repiiet^ of 

 frost ' w i 1 1 ena bio a r^-a rdener to cover h 

 frames, .-r tires iroinir. or protect anything 

 nree-sary atjai::-! 1 hr r'^nsinir f^'o-t. 



We ran only add tha* i-v fo th- advantage 

 onr o|. *o -.sri'.' [or rre well-illns- 



' * ' d a r I i * \i ( I hai ' !y < .ai i e ! eat a lorrue 

 ■ Mill paTnphlrt^ i--u.'(l i.y Me-.rs. Xe^^ivt ! i 

 ami /a rn iua who n- a v i re! ied u pon to 

 ■'pply thrrmnnt f-r. Miat will do thtar work 

 ' U and la-t a lit'-t \u\ \ 



GARDENING ENGAGEMENT. 



Mr. L.'Ai. Smiti, fat*- of Shot t^.j^a (n Park 

 ^"^ " bevu ipponi^Mi i;-a.l i^araha:. r 



^ and *aita-r-. upon h;. new dutii-^ 

 -n:a£^ diat*^lv. 



ANSWERS TO 



CORRESPONDENTS. 



Editorial Communications should he addressed to the 

 Editor of the Gaudhners' Maoazi.vk, US and 149, 

 Ald€.r*gat© Street, E.C. 



Secretaritie of horticultural socletie« are invited to 

 Bond e«arly notification of forthcoming exhibitions 

 and mec'tingra, and are requested to advise us con. 

 cerning clmngea of dates. 



SiK^einien^ of plants, flowers, and fruits for naming 

 or opinion ahould bo sent to the Editor of the 

 (f AiU)KiVKtt.s' Maoa/uvk, Endsleigh," Priory Park. 

 Kew, Surrey, and an early in the ww^k aa pofrsible. 

 All i>arc<'ls mus-t be sufficiently prt'imid. 



Thii hAliXor will be glad to receive photographs of 

 ganU'iKs, plants, flowers, treee, fruits, etc., for 

 reproduction in the Gahdkners* Maoa/.ink. He will 

 alw> te greatly obliged by correspondents sending 

 <~arly iutimation of interesting local events relating 

 to horticultur*'. In sending newspapers containing 

 niatt^'r to which they wi«h to draw attention, cor- 

 re.-i|M)n<lerit4j are reque#teU to d ist inetly iiuirk t ho 

 paragrapb. 



I.ANTKUN LKCTURES.— R. F. G. : I am the 

 honorary secretary of one of the many gar- 

 donern' mutual improvement societies in Eng- 

 land, and as the atti»ndanre at our meetings 

 is not all that couUl Im- <N'sir*nl I should likt* 

 to make them ratht^r rnnn^ attractive than 

 is at present the cane. It is my belief that 

 the iKNst way of doing this would be to have 

 lantern lectures occasionally, and I should 

 like to know whether you consider this would 

 \w the right course to take. If you consider 

 that we might introduce lantern lectures witl) 

 advantage will you iidvi^e nie whether wi' 

 should imrcluiM- a lantern and work it onr- 

 ^^elves or liirt- it. .uid where wv ran obtain 

 suitabU^ st'ts ot slides.— There i» no doubt 

 whatever in our mind as to the advantage of 

 illustrating some, if not all, the papers and 

 loetiires at the nw^tiugs of gardeners' asst>- 

 ri at ions with lantern sli<les. Whether your 

 ^iH ;rty .-.litnild n\\i. . r iiirr a iant4 rn depends 



< i ninn -.t aiuv--. it wuiild br t-heaix^r to 

 llh^ laiit*Mii. l)Ut (■iu'ainu^>-^ is not fverv- 

 ti in'^\ Til-' lantvrn, to show tli*' slides pro- 

 pt rly. nin>t a ifniwl .uie, and lanterns <it' 

 I t a i ly h i^-h-el ri.a n u i art ii ) a re i'.\pen>i \'e . 

 M<ueav<«r. tht*^ lantern nui-t be nianipuhtte<l 

 with -^n^^le skill to iMisure satisfaet(try results. 

 I'nr the pK'-ent w*^ slmuld adviM' ytm to hire 

 a iantrr'n \\ith iUi op> m a <y{UH\ Hrni 



in the (ii-tru-t. '\ HorUeultural 

 Sneifty lend on hirt^ - ot slides witli a 

 f)rintt^l lecture tor vm h set, the latter Ixnng 

 written by ukmi ot the highest eminence in 

 tho respect iv.^ branches of horticulture, 

 Within tli*^ past tew weoks the vsociety's list 

 has iH'en aui^^nienteii hy ten new sets' eit^ht 

 of wlueli are devoted *to vetretable-. Th<' 

 whoK' of the -lides m thv -ociet v'> !i>t ar;^ lent 

 ar a eh ar^-e of five >hi!]in(^> per ^t't. .\Janv 

 ot the expert- who lecture at the meetings 

 < t' .i;ardener>" eiation.s have slides to 



iliustrare theii- [iM^tures. 



(lAS-MMK. S, W. W ,. I.<Mee>t< 1- : I have 

 a urard.-n in uhi< h the -.oil i> rirh and lieavv. 

 .Hid I am tohl that a dre^^ino- (ra>-lin'e 

 " ' 1 >\Meten it and do it (r,iod m other wav-> 



I >e tel I nte it it w i 



1 H: 



th 



> U i ' ~ . 



I 



1 



thn klv on r ■ 

 it rvTnain tlu r 



riLrlit ro <ii^;- in fin 

 f'-i what will }„' 



'*n next -ea-on'-> 

 : t^-linse w i!I \x. to 

 ■ . 'ind unhiek the 

 ■ iieu] available tor 

 ^preiwl the gas-lin:e 

 of the ground, and let 

 or three \stek> then 

 trench the o^round and mix in tlie ira'>-Iimo 

 a, the work prrn ced-. leavini^ t he "-.urt i, 

 soil a> rouoh A< j)o>.Mb:e. It' rain and --now 

 vt)rk tlie surrace doun. take advanta^^, 

 dry ue.ither to iii^htly and roughly tnik it 

 't|> aLr.nn. ^o that aeration mav proceed and 



t:»i*; ttitii iv available tur >e<Hl-s 

 liiantinir n<^\t March or April 



Al TrMN-FLOWKFnXc; ( Ri)(*t SK< 

 M. K. M.. K!no;>ton : ! >hon!d verv "f^l i^ 

 ynu u,!I i^ive a list ot the ant umn-Howcrii,<r 

 -P* . ir^ ot croeu-, and their cohMir> — The 

 principal a ut uni n-tlowerin.r croeuMV are C 

 a-tuncu- rather variaMe/ nsnal! v violet or 

 pnrple there are >everai nam.-d varieties - C 

 ■ an.. ;ilatu< lilac, with yellow throat, ha. al>o 

 .1 ulute and yellow variety; Chisi Duride 



v-y hue: C. adriaticus/white a„| i r, ' : 

 * >t-l.H.>r..>. onter segments purple! inu.r 



ones lilac ; ( Karduchorum, rosy lilac 

 veined with pn.rple; C. longifiorus, lilac and 

 yellow; C. medius, bright purple; C. cchro^ 

 leucus, creamy-white, tinged with orange - 

 C. pulchellus, lavender-blue, orange tinted- 

 C. Salzmauni, lilac or wliite, feathered with 



purple; C. sativus, bright lila ^ 



crocus), of this there are a numbeV of beaiiti"^ 

 ful varieties, notably Elwesi and Pallasi; C 

 Scharojani, bright yellow, practically ever- 

 green; C- speciofeus, the l>est-known autumn- 

 Howering species, very free, bright lilac to 

 blue-purple; and C. zonatus, rosy-lilac 

 X ORTH O F I : N U L A N IJ 



HORTICUL- 

 II. J. C, Hull 

 be much obliged if you will 



TURAL SOCIETY. 



I shall 

 publish the 



owinir or 



name and address of the .secretary of the 

 North of England Horticultural Society, and 

 Htate wh-at the society is for. — The secretary 

 is the Rev. J. Bernard Hall, li.A.^ and hia 

 address is Rawdon, Leeds. The object of the 

 society is To organise horticulture (cicien- 

 titic, educational, commercial, and general) 

 in the North of England." 



HriTER PIT IN APPLES.-H. R. 

 Chepstow: I am sending a few .specimens of 

 Wamer'.s King apples, which are dotted all 

 <»ver the to|) with brown mark«. These spoil 

 the appeaiance and value of the fruits and 

 prevent I hem from keeping. Kindly say 

 what is the cause of the trouble and how it 

 be prevented. — The 



brown embedded 



can 



patches are due to the presence of a fungn.^ 

 named (Hoeosporium fructigenum, and 

 Warner's King cseems especially susceptible 

 to attack. We have frequently received 

 diseased specimens of this apple during tlie 

 last few years^ and an opinion frequently 

 prest^ed is that the variety seems to have 

 lost its coiLstitutional vigour. Diseased fruits 

 should never be allowed to remain on the 

 ground where they fall, and in the case of 

 Mee,. known to be affected the fruits should 

 examined regularly after they are ot 

 livable size, and when the .slightest sign of 

 diM'a^t' is seen the fruits should be picked, 

 peeled thickly to remove the damaged por- 

 tion, and be u,>ed. The peelings and ail 

 ap])les niiMt for uf-e should be burned at once. 

 During tiu^ winter 8pray the trees with a 

 caustic potash solution or one of the prepara- 

 tion.s advertised, and in July spray the trees 

 with a solution of potassium sulphide. 



PETROL AS A CURE FOR AMERICAN 

 BLIGHT. — R. R.^ Worcester: I have been 

 told that petrol is a cure for American 



Blight if painted on to the trees after leaf 

 fall. ' ■ ' 



tell 



to ■ 



for 

 tree 



I shall be greatly obliged if yon will 

 nn^ wht^ther this i.s correct, or refer me 

 ( Ttu wr ik dealing wath the matter. — On 

 (Several occasions notes have been publislied 

 suggesting that petrol applied with a bru.->h 

 to dormant apple trees would prove a cure 

 for American J^light. Solitary instances of 

 snece-> or failure with any fungicide or in- 

 secticide prove nothing; what Is needed 



proiK^rly conducted experijnent. A few 

 years ago Mr. Spencer Pickering conducted 

 expcrunents at Woburn for the destruction 

 of American Blight or Woollv Aphis, and 

 voung trees were immersed bodily iu petrol 

 hve jiiinntcs. In V) per cent, of the 

 ^ ti e M ion only was killed and in o per 

 yent. Ix.th st<)ck and scion succumbed, but 

 l ie trees were not in a robust condition at 

 the time, and a mortality of 7.5 to 15 ])er 

 cent, was doubtless due to the mere trans- 

 planting, and not to the action of the in.sec^i- 

 <'ide In the followi-ig June. Julv. and .Sep- 

 tember, tlie live trees were examined, and 

 they shoM-ed no trace of American Blight, 

 (trowth was slightly checked, and was about 

 •n per cent, of the normal. All this suggests 

 that petrol, pro]^erly used may prove very 

 u>etul lu combating one of the worst pe>t> 

 truit growers have to deal with. Trv it on 

 nne or two trees that can well be -aVrificed 



for expeninental work, and report in due 

 course. 



T^EST'S PATENT GARDEN SUNDRIES 



' ^ have been invento<l during- 30 years of prac- 

 tiOAl eiperionw. By better cultivation, find plea- 

 sure by which gardens are kept in order, their ex- 

 ?^D6e i« ddably r«i>aid. Samples and Illustrated Oat*, 

 logue ffe„, C. E. WEST. Higham Hiil London. N.B- 



