850 



THE GARDENERS' MAGAZINE. 



November 2, 1912. 



ANSWERS TO 



CORRESPONDENTS, 



CALANTHE.S.— A. Al, : L'au you tell me 

 what IS wronor with tlie calanthe biiibs I 

 am sending:-— Everything is wrong, indeed 

 we do not remember to have seen such miner- 

 able specimens of t ahu.thi' buibs. It ini<^lit 

 be possible to bring tir- plants hark intH a 

 healthy condition, \,u{ M-vtral vtar^ ot 

 patient care would l.v neco.'.arv. llw be^i 

 advice we can give you i.^ to hurii all the 

 puny ispeeimiMr-, and'' obtain a tew strong 

 bulbs to ^t.trt vvith as ,soon as tlio Howering 

 season i-v r, taking care \i> M'cure clean, 

 healthy >tock. W t* eoni Uivml to your regular 

 notiri^ onr weekly articlt^ on ore'hid culture, 

 appearing unrler"'* Work lor the Week." 



rtlDOlNG SOIL.— If. W., Kye: I wish to 

 ridge a plot ot ground thici aiitumn, and shall 

 be much obliged it you will kindlv intoriii 

 me, through the (jiardeneks' Magazine, how 

 to proceed.— There are several methods ol 

 ridging soil, and the basal irlea of every 

 method is to dig the soil a^ to leave iKs 

 great a surface e.\iJOi,.'<l to : lie elements as 

 possible. One method is to dig id a stiai^hr 

 line across the plot, merely inverting ear h 

 s]>it ot M)il in tlie line; then place eveiy 

 r^pit tr<Mh the next sjiade-wide line on too of 

 the hni« previously dug. It thi^ in continued 

 oyer the whole plot tlu'i'e will a series of 

 ridges and furrows, a.> uo Noil is ]Waced in 

 thetrenchec^ from which soil id taken to form 

 the ridge; in other words each ridge wjU 

 expos** alH>ut two spits' depth of soil on either 

 t>ide. Anothrr iriethf>d is to mark out ti.e 

 puit and arrange lor the ridges and furrowiri 

 to be each two spit.s wide. 



HIRING LANTERN SLIDES FOP IIOR- 

 TICULTrRAL LE( TCIM-S. 

 the infornuxtion \\v 



In athlition to 



havi' already given to 

 corre*sj)ondents desij-ou^ .^t hiring" lantern 

 tilides illustrative of iuu t im It Hraf subjects 

 we may state that Mr. <;. firegorv, <:o/(^ui- 

 terbury Road, Croydon, lias ovei-'a ^core of 

 sets, thetH^ varyiiio- troni 5n to Pk) slides and 

 representing a wiih- ran^rr ot ]n)rticulturai 

 activities. Mr, Gregory i. an Old Kewite. 

 war> for many v'mis a head gardener in the 

 Midlands, and his intimate as-^ociation with 

 the iuvstitution and management of the Croy- 

 don Gardeners' ilutua] Improvement As^^o- 

 cation renders him especially conversant with 

 tlu^ needis ot siinilaj- societies 



HOW DOHDEH GROWS^. — S. E. J. 

 Baddovv: I shall l>e very glad if you wili 

 publi.sh a brief account of the germination 

 and growth of dodder.— There are several 

 species of dodder, but they all grow in a 

 similar manner. The emiu-vo of the dodder 

 seed IS simplt^ and thread-like, and coiled 

 t^pirally round the He>hv aibunien. while the 

 vadiele is tiiirkened. The seeds ^t (Mn to of,- 

 niinat- Inst <lnrina- dani]) ->i i.^nns. M 

 M=ital.!<> teni})t'ratiwv they will genninatt^ i!i 

 hvt> to eig}), ^vhen a ^vvi] cr(.,niinates 



tin' tiiread-like coil unwinds gradually th- 

 radn-le - nd taking rfM>t in the ^oil, tho re- 

 niainder meanwhile lengthening, and when 

 Jt reaehi'-. a suitable }m>f .■on7in<^ncino' to 

 twin*^ itM^lf round the stern, to whidi it 

 attaches :t>e!f firmly by means of the suckers 

 or h Hi-toria. Should the thread-like stemR 

 Uul to roach a suitabl- host plant, they die 

 The plant now <^\tends its tliroad-like 

 to neisfhbonring plants, and large patches 

 Jiiay rapidly heome intcstt^d and overcome 

 the dodder >oon leaving its hold of the so'I 

 and living wholly on the host plant. On 

 becoming firmly established the dodder 

 grows and spreads rapidly, ]n'oduces flower^ 

 and, if nothing T>o done to prevent it seeds 

 are formed and the r^oil is re-rsown. \^m: ll 

 tragments of the stems, constituting^ veri- 

 table cuttings, may >ufficc to esta])lish ^ ew 

 centres of indentation, attaching themselves 

 to fresli plants. It is believed that dodder 

 m-ay aho Ik> spread bv means of lirt:<^ 

 tubercles. which are formed in winter 

 IhuUU r^ are annual -eed-producin<T ijlants 

 and are doubt chieflv di.tribute7l l»v sfvd 

 n.<-luded amongst agricultural .seeds. " Tlie 

 harm by dodder is best explained by statins^ 

 that tlie plant, o.w.ess no cliloroplast^ and 



tl: Vvllk' / '''' ""^^^^^^ <linxide from 



tlH aa like . rdmaiy green plants, but after 



leaving their hold of the soil, they depend 

 entirely tor food material on the ready-made 

 products absorbed from its host plant, which 

 therefore becomes exhausted and dies. 



NAMES OF PLANTS. 



N . J. , I > rough . — 1 , Jacobinia chryfe>aste- 

 ])hana ; 2. l a U'rnamontana coronaria h, pi. 



L. S. S.. Torquay. — 1, Choisya ternata; 2, 

 leaved of Taxoclium distichum; 3, Exacum 

 affine. 



H. H. M., Romsey. — 1, Skimmia japonica ; 

 2, Regonia Haageana ; 3, Cyprip<?diuni 

 Actanis; 4, Nertera depressa. 



R. E., Totnecs. — 1, Pittosporum fobira; 2, 

 Maxillaria picta; 3, Odontoglo^sum l-e?.ca- 

 torei; 4, Masdevallia Tovarensis; 5, Ruscus 

 racemosus; 8, Areca lutescens. 



M. E. Kenilworth. — 1, Terminalia eie- 



"rans; 2, Oncidium cucuUatum; 3, Irisiue 

 Lindeni ; 4, £riostemon myoporoide^i; o, 

 Pothos celatoeaulis; G, Carpinuts betulus. 



NAMES OF FRUITS. 

 \y. V. J., Brecon. — Emile d'Heyst. 

 T. 11. W., Gomshall. — Doyenne du Cornice. 

 T. (I., Woodbridge.— 1. American Mother; 

 ".l. New 1 1 a wthornden . 



E. C.. HIetchley.— 1, Peasgood's Nonsuch; 

 2, a very fine King of the Pippins; 3, London 

 Pi])pin. 



M. Sunbury.— l, Hambledon Deux 



Ans; 2, Rambour Franc; 3, Washington; 4, 

 Aorio|k Beefing; 5. not recognised. 



F. S. R., Fareham.— 1, Cornish Aromatic- 

 2, Gloria Mundi; 3, probably Adam's Pearl 

 niain ; 1, a <leformed .specimen not recog- 

 nised ; 3, Beurre Diel. 



OBITUARY 



DR. M. C, COOKE. 



^^'e record with regret the death of Dr. 

 M. C. Cooke, for twelve years in charge of 

 the Cryptogamic Department of the Herba- 

 rium ot the Royal Botanic Gardens. Accord- 

 to the " Kew Bulletin " " Cooke was 



Hlg 



born at Honing, in Norfolk. At the age 

 of nine he went to reside with an uncle at 

 Ilford, and commenced the study of botany, 

 ^ing, a^j a child, first interested' in flowering 

 plants. His attention was soon attracted to 

 fungi, at first from an edible standpoint, 

 but soon, at^ Cooke himself often stated the 

 fungi exercised such a spell over his entire 

 existence, that his interest in tlie.se plants 

 ceac^ed only when he peacefully passed away 

 at his residence in Kentish Town, a few days 

 after his 87th birthday. Being dependent 

 on his own resources from an early a^e, 

 l^ooke was, in turn, an assistant in a drapery 

 e.-tabli>lnnent, teacher in a National school 

 and a lawyer's clerk. He afterwards ob- 

 tuined a more congenial appointment as 

 ii.'M>tant in the India Museum. On the abo- 

 lition ot tliis institution, Cooke spent some 

 time at the South Kensington Museum in 

 the Mycologicd Department, and afterwards 

 come to the Herbarium at the Royal Botanic 

 G\ardens, Ivew, wliere he wa. also placed in 

 charge of the mycological section. Cooke 

 remained at Kew from 18.S() to 1892, when he 

 retired on a i^ension. During this time Cooke 

 ircorporated his own herbarium, containing 

 4(),(KK> si)ecini<'as. with the existing collection 

 ;it Kew as uell a. the collection of fun^i 

 pre^ntefl to Kew l)y the Rev. M. J. Berkeley 

 Cooke s figures of fungi, mostly coloured 

 and numl)ering 25,0(K) plates, are also at 

 Kew. 



Hi. firsMmportant u(,rk was the * Hand- 

 book ot British Fungi.' in two volumes, pub- 

 lished in 1871. followed by 'Myco/ranC ' 

 or coloured figures of funji fronrSfS^^ 

 of the world,. 113 plates; ' Handl^k of A i^^^ 

 tralian i nno:!, and * lUustrat inns of British 

 nn.i 1.2MO coloured plate. In addition to 

 the above, over 3(M) article, on mvcolo?ical 

 si.lyec-t. are credited to C.K>ke by lS^^k 

 Sydow: tor a period of 15 years he ^1 ^ 

 edited; Grevillea.' a .journal d^vot^d to crt? 



We ^yould ^add that this dktintruished 

 n,ycolo^,st M-as for „.a„y years a n^emS of 

 The K. H. S. rscientific Commitf^ 



CITY OF LONDON ROSE 



SOCIETY* 



A meeting of those interested in the pro 

 posed rose society for the City of London 

 was held at the Cannon Street Hotel on Wed 

 nesday evening. Mr. Stewart Hogg occupied 

 the chair, an:d there were present * \x 

 Arthur E. Protheroe, Mr. Howard Straker' 

 Mr. J. B. Ellis, Mr, Gerald W. Butcher Mr' 

 P. S. Fitter, Mr. Xorris Gibson Mr ' C 

 Palmer, Mr. A. E. Gregston, Mr Hemv 

 Beard, Mr. P. G. Howlett, Mr. John Collins- 

 ridge, Mr. H. V. Lucas, Mr, W. Stevens Mr 

 A. Turner, Mr. F. W. Harvev, Mr. G. Drav' 

 son, Mr. E. M. Lunn, Mr. B. Kelley Mr" 

 C. W. Edwards, and Mr. II. Escofet. 



The meeting decided to form a society with 

 the title of "The City of London Rose So- 

 ciety," the membership being limited to bona 

 fide workers in the City of London, i.e., tho^^e 

 regularly attending or having offices in the 

 City. It w^as resolved to ask the Lord Mavor 

 to accept the office of president. Mr A 

 Protheroe, of 67 and 68, Clieapside, E.G., wag 

 appointed secretary and treasurer, and Mr. 

 P. Goddard assistant secretary. A commit- 

 tee was chosen, and a minimum subscription 

 of five shillings agreed upon. The aim of the 

 society is to encourage rose growing amongst 

 City men, and to provide an opportunity cf 

 exhibiting to many who, although entlmsia^^- 

 tic growers, do not exhibit at the large shows 

 now held. 



FORTHCOMING ENGAGEMENTS 



TUEiSDAY. November ^.—Southampton Clirysanthe- 

 muni S-liow; two davs. 



Oh^dmsford Chrysanthemum Show; two days. 



Brighton Chrysanthemum Show ; two days. 



Bournemouth Chrysanthemum Sfhow; two days. 



LndercJiffe (I. of W.j Chrysanthemum Show; three 

 dayis. 



Birmiin,i>h.ani Chrysia-nthemum Show; tihree days 



Scottish Hortieultura.1 Ass^ociation 



Uoyal Horticultural Society's Orchid Show; Com- 

 mittees mei't at 12 o'clock; Lecture at 3 p.m. 

 on "Double Flowers," by Miss E. li. Saunders; 

 .Scientific Coniimittee at 4 o'clock. 

 \\ KDXKSDAY, Nov. mber (i.— Uoyal Horticultfural ' 

 Sock^ty's Orcliid Show and ContVrcnoe; Conference 

 beg-ins ar 11, a.m., and continues with a luncheon 

 interval, to 4 o'clock. .Mr. -J. Gurnev Fowler will 

 prcj^ade. and papeiv will be read' bv Mr. H. 

 Alexander, Profcs.^or K(t?blc, Major C.'C. HurM, 

 and Mr. U. G. Thwa.ites. 



Northampton Ciiry&anthenium Show; two days. 



Bah Chrysanthemum Show; two days. 



Dulwich Chrysanth: ntum Show; two days. 



Cardiff Clirysanthcnium Show; two days 

 Hertford Chrysanthemum Show; two days. 



Dover Chrj^santhemum Shaw. 

 THlTfRiSDAY, November 7.— Exet^T Chrysanthemum 



Show ; two days. 

 09ni,bridg<> Chry.santhemum Show. 

 NewiDort (Mon.) Chrvsanthemum Show. 

 Lmn^^an Society M(<^ting-. 

 FJIIDAY, November 3.— Dt/by Chrysa-nthemum Show; 



two days. 



Lowestoft Chrysanth-emum Show; two days. 



Nottingham Chrysa-nth-cmum Show; two days. 



\\indisor Cliry^antlu'mtim Show. 



^ L November 9.— Burton Chrysanthemum 



Show. 



North Lonsdale Chrys'aath4-mum Show. 

 Formby Horticultural Society. 



CONTENTS* p-^^ 



Ansm-r« to Correspondent^ 8^"* 



y HK-is Speoie^ii 843 



[•■'l'!( atio:nj and Train inj>- of Youne- Gardeners 843 



Kueryphia cordifolia m 



bxhibitH.ns and Alw riri-.s 845 



Jagus bt.tuloaih^ ... 8:^7 



Ga-rish DaiiUa^ 840 



Kent Commercial Fruit Show S^^^ 



Messm. Alex. Dick.son and Sons' Ro-ses 



Nermcfs ... S4'2 



New riant>, etc . 83S 



Note of the Werk 831 



Nc>tes on rerpetual Carnations ^1 



Obituary , ... 8.50 



IVronnials for Spring Flowering' - ^42 



VriH-tnni^ Carnation Rosette 



Kai>in- I'- i prtunl-flowerine: Ca-rjmtionkS fixjni 



S.-rd ^ 840 



^^orul-• Dahlia Uoots ^^^^ 

 \\ in k lor thf Week . ... 



1 



ir.Lrs ri!ATi()Ns. 



"f t'<Ht: Mr. Jolin McKinnoM. s:il ; Mr. Norni ni 

 l>avis\s Fine Group of Chrvsivnithemunns, 833; 



H.T. Bo&e 



. , iuni J>orio^. 83H ; 



Sr-(jh>iK.nd,rium viilo-aiv cri-pum NVdiib. 

 Hdlton'.. Br^>a<l Form. KVi : P.'rprtii il CariM- 

 tir.n li(,_^*.tT.-. S41; Fir-t Vrizv Tablr of Sin^^:.? 



j'.iwa^ riue ixroup ol thrvsivnltii 

 H.r. lU)s^^ Mr^, Mackellar, S:i.j; 

 G.orire Diekson, 8.37; (\-mhi(liun] 



