870 



THE GARDENERS' MAGAZINE. 



November 9, 1912. 



ANSWERS TO 



WM. 

 DENING. 



CORRESPONDENTS. 



AND LANDSCAPE GAK- 



KENT 



— D. F. D., Southport: I have read 

 eomewhere that Kent was the father of 

 landscape gardening. Will you kindly ex- 

 plain this statement? — William Kent, who 

 died in 1748, and was buried at Chiswick, 

 w^as a contemporary of Hora^ie Walpole. He 

 found gardens laid out and planted in a 

 very formal and artificial manner, topiary at 

 its height, aud water made to flow between 

 rigidly straight banks. In Walpole's words, 

 Kent was " painter enough to taste the 

 charms of landscape, bold and of opinion 

 alive enough to dare and to dictate, and 

 born with a genius to strike out a. system 

 from the twilight of imperfect essays. He 

 leaped the f-ence, and saw all nature was a 

 garden. Thus the pencil of his imagination 

 bestowed all the arts of landscape on the 

 scenes he handled. But of all the beauties 

 he added to the face of this beautiful coun- 

 try, none surpassed his management of 

 water. Thus, dealing in none but the colours 

 of nature, and catching its motst favourite 

 features, men saw a new creation opening 

 before their eyes." Stowe, Claremont, and 

 Holkam are among the placet* where Kent 

 exercised his genius. Kent, Bridgman, Pope, 

 and Addison have been styled the fathers of 

 landscape gardening, as they successfully 

 fought against the rigid formalism of the 

 gardening seen in their earlier years. 



YELLOW DESSERT PLUMS.— P. G., 

 Abergavenny : Please give me the names of 

 the best yellow desse-^t plums. — The following 

 are all good yellow or yellowish dessert 

 plums: Goes Golden Drop, Bryanston Gage, 

 OulUns Golden, Jelferc^on, Transparent Gage, 

 and Washington. 



OOLIITG ROCK.— M. L. D., Clifton ; A 

 few days ago I wag told that tsome material 

 I had always regarded as limestone was ooli- 

 tic rock. I did not wish to confess my ignor. 

 ance to the person who gave this informa- 

 tion, but I should be glad if you will tell 

 one of your regular readers just what oolitic 

 rock is. — Some rocks, particuhirly some lime- 



stones, are composed of rounded particles, 

 varying in size like mixed beads, but rarely 

 exceeding the size of a pea. These particles 

 generally consist of a grain of sand or bit of 

 shell, around which some other substance has 

 accumulated. In the case of oolitic limestone 

 the bits of grit have become covered with 

 layer after layer of carlx>nate of lime until 

 the Oolites have formed. Another name for 

 Oolites is Roest because of the resem- 



blance small granules bear to the hard roe 

 of a fish, 



BEUREE CLAIRGEAU PEAR.— F. N. C, 

 Brimscombe: I have a line old tree of Beurre 

 Clairgeau pear, and it generally bears well. 

 Can you give me any information concerning 

 the history of the variety P — Beurre Clair- 

 geau pear was raised by M. Clairgeau, a 

 gardener at the Rue de Bastille, Nantes. The 

 variety was distributed by M. de Jonghe, of 

 BrtiSvSels, who purchased the original tree in 

 the early part of the nineteenth century. 



HARDY EUCALYPTUS.— L. 0„ Brent- 

 wood: Ai^ an" species of eucalyptus hardy in 

 this country ; and, if so, will you kindly 

 name them in the Gardeners' Magazine? — 

 None of the species of eucalyptus can be con- 

 sidered really hardy in this country. Some 

 few will thrive in very sheltered positions 

 in favoured districts, but even then very 

 severe weather may kill a big plant right 

 out or cut it back to the ground. We have 

 seen E. globulus reach a height of 25ft. at 

 Wimbledon, but a severe winter killed it. In 



Cornwall and South Devon, and in some parts 

 of Ireland, eucalyptus will assume consider- 

 able proportions, but they usually succumb 

 after a few years to the cold and wet of our 

 winters. As far north as Prestonkirk, at 

 Whittinghame, the residence of the Right 

 Hon. A, J. Balfoiir, M.P. we saw a verv 

 tine eucalyptus tree a few years ago, with 

 trunk several feet thick, 'lliis particular 

 plant has been referred to as Eucalyptus urni- 



gera but it is supposed to be a 

 hybrid, and so has been named E, Whitting- 

 hami. Seedlings of this form have been 

 planted freely on the estate, and no kind 

 has proved so hardy. Eucalyptus coccifera, 

 E. urnigera, and E. Gunni, with E. Whit- 

 tinghami, are the hardiest known kinds, but, 

 as already stated, their hardiness depends 

 upon district, position, and the clemency of 

 the winters. 



HORSERADISH.— B. G., Bexley : We have 

 a very large demand for horseradish, and the 

 powers that be require the sticks to be as 

 large aa possible. By the fuss that is made 

 one v/ould imagine horseradish was to be 

 served up like salsify or scorzonera. In the 

 ordinary course of things horseradish is 

 easily enough gi'own, but I want to do some- 

 thing^ better than ordinary, and so seek 

 your advice. — lliorouglily trench a plot of 

 ground that can be spared, and place a good 

 layer of manure in the bottom of each trench. 

 As soon as the soil has settled sufficiently and 

 weather permits, lift a goodly portion of the 

 old stock of horseradish and place the stout 

 usable roots in fine soil or sand for use. 



natural 



Select the best of the roots left, and plant 

 the straight one a foot apart in rows eigh- 

 teen inches apart, leaving the crown six 

 inches below the surface of the soil. Fur- 

 ther^ choose the straightest of the thong-like 



dary roots, trim them, and plant the: 

 in similar fashion. Every portion of horse- 

 radish root will make a crown and grow. If 

 a plantation is made in this fashion every 

 year there will be no lack of good roots, 

 provided the size of the plantation is in ac- 

 cord with the demands. 



NAMES OF PLANTS. 

 N . Gr . , Banbury. — Gupressus Lawsoniana 



albo-spica. 



T. B. C., Harpenden. 

 (ixifera); 2, Lselia ancefps. 



O . F., Bungay. — 1 , Begonia 

 imperialis ; 3, Pilea muscosa; 4, 



1, Ghironia linoides 



; 2, B. 

 Skimmia 



ja-ponica. 



S. G. P., Aberdeen. 1, Cypripedium Milo; 

 2, Cattleya labiata ; 3, Cypripedium Actaeus; 

 4, G. insigne, a very good form. 



H. G., Bristol. 

 Pearniain ; 2, 



; OF FRUITS. 



1, Probably Lamb Abbey 

 Margil; 3, Duchess's 



Favourite ; 4 and 5, both rotten, the latter is 

 probably Beurre Diel. 



E. B., Tunbridge Wells. — 1, Doyenne du 

 Cornice; 2, Beurre Diel; 3, Durondeau; 4, 

 Forelle; 5, Beurre Superfin ; 6, not 

 nised — a fine set of specimens. 



recog- 



OBITUARY. 



4^ 



MR. W^ILLIAM WATTS. 



It is with much regret that we record the 

 death, which occurred on October 29, after 

 a short illness, of Mr. William Watts, a 

 member of the firm of Messrs. G. Watts and 

 Sons, Lim., Palace Nurseries, Bournemouth, 

 in his 52nd year. Mr, AVatts was an en- 

 thusiast in all that pertains to horticulture, 

 and was a most successful propagator and 

 plant grower. New plants always had a 

 fair trial at his hands, and he was much in- 

 terested in trials of both plants, fruits, and 

 vegetables. 



GARDENING ENGAGEMENTS. 



Mr. A. Beckett, of Myton Hall Gardens, 

 York, has been ap])ointed head gardener to 

 J. Dymond, Esq., Burntwood. Barnsley. 



Mr. Henry Newson, over two veare gar- 

 dener to the late B. E. Fletcher, Esq., Mar- 

 lingford Hall, near Norwich, has been ap- 

 pointed head gardener to Edmond De Poix, 



Esq., Broome Place, near Bungay, Norfolk. 



TO^EST'S PATENT GARDEN SUNDRIES 



▼ ▼ have been invent€<l during- 30 y^'are of prac- 

 tical eiporionoe. By better cultivation, and plea- 

 sure by which grerdens are kept in order, their ex- 

 y^tMe i« doabiy r«ii>aid. vSamplee and Illustrate<i Oata 

 logue ff<^. C. E. WEST, Highftm Hill I^ondon. N.E.' 



FORTHCOMING ENGAGEMENTS. 



MONDAY, Noveml)eT 11.— National Chj-yeuiitliemuin 

 Socaoty's Floral Comniitrteie, Essex Hall Strand 



TUE.SDAY, November 12.— Mancheiste-r Cliry&anti*^ 

 mum Show; three days. 



Plymouth Chrysanthemum Show; two days. 



Belfast Chr^ni^taoi'thenium Show ; two days 



Weybridgie Horticultuxal Society's Monitihjy" :ile^tiiiiy 

 WE>DNESI)AY, November 13.— DoTcJiester Chrysaa* 

 themoini Show ; two days. 



Bristol Chrysantihemum Show; two days, 



Barry Ghrysajitliiemfum Show; two days. ' 



York ChrysantLhemum Show; two days. 



East AngliaJi Horticuiltural Club. 



Buxton dhrysiantliemum Show. 



Colcheister Olurj^santhemum Show. 



Riei g^aitei Clir y isa n t li e m u ni Show. 



Winchester Chrysanthemum Show. 

 THURSDAY, November 14.— E<linburg'h 

 mium S(how ; three diays. 



ShefliesM ClirysantlieiQum Show ; three daya, 



Bridgwater Chj^^siantliemum Show. 



Aberdare Chrysanthemum Show. 



Cardiff Chrysanthemoim Show. 



FRIDAY, November 15. — Leeds Paxton Society's 

 ( }] r y«a nt hie mum S h o w ; t w o d a ys . 



Bradford Chrysanthemum Show; two days. 

 Blaekhum Ohryisanthemum Show; two days. 

 Bolton Chrysanthemum Show ; two days. 

 S^tockport Chrysanthemum Show ; two days. 

 MONDAY, November 18. — ^National CShryeanthe 



Ohrysantlie- 



Society's Executive Committee, Oarr's Restau- 

 rant, Strand, 7 p.m. 

 TUESDAY, November 19. — Royal Horticultural 

 Society; committees meet at 12 o'clock; lecture 

 at 3 p.m. on Some of the G-ardene of Bourne- 

 mouth," hy Dr. Hamilton; Scientific Committee 

 at 4f o'clock. 



Norwich Chrysanthemum .Show ; three days. 

 WEDNESDAY, November 30.— National Chryeanthe- 

 mum Society's Late Eixhibition, at Essex Hall, 

 Strand ; Conf eirenee in the even ing- _ when Dr, 

 Russell will lecture on " Soil Sterilieation." 



Hull Chrysanthemum Show ; three days. 



North of England Horticultural Society, at Hull. 



Newcastle Chryisanthemum Show ; two days. 

 THURSDAY, November 21.— Linnean Society. 



CONTENTS* 



Ajls wers to Correspondejits ... , 



Conference on Orchid-s 



Exhibitions and Meetings. 



Messrs. Hugh Dickson's Roses ... 



New Plants ... 



Note of the Weeik 



Note® on Alpine FlowefPS 



Obituary 



Rose Notes 



Spanish and English Irises 



The Blue Ash 



The Cioluteas 



The Possibilities of a School Giarden 

 Work for the Wee-k 



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 862 



I liL U STRATI O NIS . 



Lff-lio-cattleya Orion var. Othello. 851; Cattleya 

 Peetersi Weetonbirt variety, 853; Portion of 

 Field containing 80,000 Plants of New Roses, 

 855; noBos at Belfast Ri)pening their Crop 

 of Seed, 8o6 ; Pergola and Rose Beds, Son 

 Seedling Ro«e6 at Belfast BearLng their Finst 

 Flowers, 858; Colutoa Istrea. 860; >ew 

 Japane&e Ohrysanthe-nLum Queen Mary, 8bl. 



BOTTLE 



"The Copped Hall 



PRICES. 



Single Bottles ... 1/- each 



(9/- per doz.) 

 6 doz lots 8/9 „ 



Advant ges— Will lie on any existing shelf 



— impossible to overflow at neck. 

 Bunches never need be moved when refiUi"!- 



Separate filling point A. , 

 A long and short bunch can be preservea 



with equal success. 

 Full Illustrated Catalogruo of all Horticultural 

 Requisites free by return on request from 



WM. WOOD 8 SONS, Ltd., uortStn^u, 



WOOD GREEN, 



Telephone 



Palmers Green 377 ^ 378. 



Telegrnms--- 

 ''Fun^heto, London- 



ft 



