926 



THE GARDENERS' MAGAZINE 



November 30, 1912. 



which took place many years ago betwwii 

 a fruit grower and himself on pruning 

 versus non-pruning. The advocate of non- 

 pruning, said Mr. Stevenson, had since been 

 converted, as his trees had not proved satis- 

 factory unpruned. 



The lecturer «>aid pruning depended a great 

 deal on the conditions under wliich the tree 

 was planted. In the northern counties he 

 thought that young trees should not be 

 pruned the first year from planting. In 

 the south he would lightly prune the trees 

 in March, as they made growth so much 

 -ooner than in the north. lie had carefully 

 t xamined young trees and had found new 

 roots an inch long a month after they had 

 been planted and lightly surfaoe-mulched. 

 When trees had Ix^en brought to a free 

 fruiting J^tage, the lecturer said that crop- 

 ping would prevent very strong growth, and 

 pruning would not be neeesisary on a large 

 scale. To prevent extension when the triv 

 had reached the limits of ;i vailahlr spju'c. 

 the cultivator should prune Iriulini^ shnot.-^ 

 hack to a fruit I)U<1. llv alf^o rctfrrc-d to 

 summer pruning and ri»<»t-|>runing. 



There was a t rrr ri i><u^>i()n . and, on 

 invitation, Mr. I5u ny;i rd i»a \ r h]> own 

 o]>inionK. llo did not favour ])runing tln^ 

 first year, and he also referred to the prun- 

 ing of large standards, saying that the 

 principle wa.s to sf> prune and have the main 

 branches fH) disposed apart that a man's shoul- 

 ders and arms could be fnM*lv moved alx)ut 

 in any part of the tree. Atior other mem- 

 bers had spoken, and replies had been given 

 to questions by Mr. Stevenson and Mr. Bun- 

 yard, cordial voftet* of thanks were passed to 

 the lecturer and the chairman. Mr. 

 Garner. 



Roya.1 Horticultural Society. 



SCIENTIFIC COMMrr'l'KM.—XnvciHber 19. 



Present : Mr. E. A. Bowles, M.A., 

 F.E.S., F.L.S. (in the chair); Dr. A. R. 

 Re ndl e , P r < > t' . \V . B ateson , M es.s r > . I ' . M 

 Holmes, A. \\"(>r>Iey, G- WilMin . \l. U . 

 Curtis, A, \V. Sutton, W. E. Li'dt^tT. \V . 

 Hales, W, Fawcett, and F. J. CiiitttndtMi 

 (hon. secretary). 



IHE GLASTONBURY THORN. Mr. \V. 

 E. Ledger showed flowers of the wel!-kno\vn 

 Glastonliiirv tliorii trinii lii.-> t^ardcii at \Vi?!i- 

 bledon. Tlii^ variety (Crataegus <»\ yaiantha 

 var. praecox) apparently tlowers on short 

 shoots, which have no detinite itsting period 

 as in the normal form of the species, where 

 spurs producing flowers in alternate years 

 are the rule, with a definite winter rest. 

 The Committee could call to mind no analo- 

 gous cases among apples or pear>. iuul would 

 l>e glad to leam of any >u( li tliat may bo 

 known. 



DROSOPHYLLl'M Lrsi rAXK I — 

 Mrs. Bergheim. n\ KcUi/e Tark. ut jtl iiil> 

 of this interesting canuvtu-uiu plant. Tlie 

 genus is allied tn Dro^eia. hut the foliage 

 is erect in habit, and the irlaiidular tt ntae]' - 

 are on the lower (exposed ) >nrf ac *» nt tlie 

 leaves instead of the up]jer. a.^ in I)r(i-( ra. 



MISTM: rnl-: ox pear, sir Ilai ry Veiteli, 

 V.M.II., -eiit two branches ot pear, in wliieli 

 mistletoe had been sown, to illustrate t he 

 diffieulty experienced in getting the parasite 

 to e.^tahlish itself on that tree. In both ca 



the seed had germinated, but the branches 

 had died, and they were typical of all the 

 infections tried. 



ONCIDIODA X "MARJORIE.'— Messrs 

 Charlesworth sent a plant rcvsulting from a 

 cross between Coehlioda Noezliana and Onci- 

 dium Forbesi. Several crosses between mem- 

 bers of these genera have now flowered, and 

 AFessrs. (Mia rleswort li were awarded a Certi- 

 fieate of Appreeiati<m in 191o in recognition 

 of their work in demonstrating the possi- 

 bility of uniting these genera, which, al- 

 tliough .-vutficiently distinct morphologically 

 arc ( vidrntly elo^elv allied physiologically. 



IVY I.KAVKS DISKASKI) -Mr. E. A. 

 Ik>wle> -houfd fuliagr (d' ivy trom Waltham 



Cross h: 



a purplish niarofiii. 



I ving nuinrron 



pale brown spott> with 

 No fungus could be dis- 

 covered upon them nor sign of other causae. 



ewcastle. 



Tlie eighth annual show of the Newcastle- 

 on-Tyneand District Chrysanthemum Society 

 was held in the Town Hall and Corn Ex- 

 change on November 20 and 21. The ex- 

 hibits, considering the unfavourable season, 

 were remarkably good. There was a slight 

 falling off in the quality of_ the large- 

 flowered Japanese varieties in the open 

 classes, but the district and local classes, and 

 the single-vase classes, brought out the beet 

 competition in the history of the society. 

 Bush plants were a striking feature, and it 

 is interesting to note how keen the local 

 amateurs become in this class. The veget-able 

 cla.sses brought out good comi>etition, espe- 

 cially the leek classes, where the pitmen 

 were well represented. The grapes, apples, 

 and pears exhibited were the best that have 

 ever been shown in connection with this 

 society. 



In the open class for twelve vases of 

 Jaixmese chrysanthemums, not fewer than 

 t>velve varieties, three blooms in a vase, Mr. 

 li. Addison, gardener to the Countess of 

 Ravensworth, Cresswell Hall, Morpeth, was 

 first, with an even and bright-coloured set, 

 t he most prominent varieties being Miss Elsie 

 Fulton, George Hemming, F. S. Vallis, Regi- 

 nald Vallis, A. T. Miller, Lady TaJbot, and 

 Kelipse ; Mr. Jas. Kerr, gardener to Dr. J. B. 

 Simpson. Bradley Hall, Wylam, was second, 

 and his Hon. Mrs. Lopes, F. S. Vallis, and A, 

 T. Miller were very fine; Mr. G. W, Musk, 

 gardener to Captain Laycock, D.S.O., Wise- 

 ton, Bawtrey, Notts, third, with heavy 

 flowers, rather wanting in brightness, but 

 iiududing three fine flowers of F. S. Vallis, 

 whicli were afterwards awarded the medal for 

 the finest vase in the show. For six vases of 

 Japanese chrysanthemums, not fewer than 

 >ix varieties, three blooms in a vase, Mr. R. 

 Addison came first, Elsie Fulton, A. T. 

 Miller, F. S. Vallis, and Lady Talbot 

 beinof ]iartieularly fine ; Mr. Askew, gar- 

 flenct to the Right Hon. W. Runciman, 

 M.l\. >rrinu\ : ^Ir. G. W. Musk third. For 

 tnur \ a^e,->. Japanese, Mr. A. W. Apple- 

 ton, gardener to i\ Lacy-Thompson, Esq., 

 Farlam Hall. ( 'nniberland. led, and Mr. 

 G. W. Mu>k wa.^ second. 



For three blooms (white), Mr. R. Addison, 

 led with ^\'hite Queen; Mr. Appleton second 

 witli .Mrs. A. T. Miller; and Mr. T. Reay, 

 gardener to James Readhead, Esq., Weston 

 Hall, S(.ntli Shields, third. For three blooms 

 (yellow I, Mr. (i. W. Musk scored with F. S. 

 Vallis, very fine; Mr. J. Thomas, gardener to 

 the Eight Hon. Viseount Allendale, Byrwall 

 Hall, Stocksfield, second. For three blooms, 

 Japane.«e, any other colour, Mr. G. W. Musk 

 was first, and Mr. Addison second. For four 

 vases of incurved chrysanthemums, Mr. 

 Askew led with H. W. "Thorp, Buttercup, 

 Marjory Shield, etc.: Mr. G. W. Musk 

 second, and Mr. J. Thomas third. For a 

 pair of vases. Mr. Askew was first, Mr. Musk 

 ^^cond, and Mr. T. IJeay third. For six 

 vases of single varieties;, dissimilar, Mr 

 U . Musk, Mr. Thomas, and Mr. T. Reay 

 won the awards. 



In the classes confined to the counties of 

 Nortinunberland and Durham, Mr Kerr wag 

 an va>y first for four va.es of Japanese varie- 

 ties, and. havnig previouslv won the silver 

 cup lor two years, it has now become his own 

 property. The varieties exhibited were Hon 

 Mrs. Lopt^, Pnritv, F. S. Vallis, and Franks 

 Joliitte, Mr. J. Thoma^i second and Mr T 

 Elsdon gardener to F. R.. Shield, Esq.i 

 Leezes Hall, Burnopfield. third. For four 

 vases grown within three miles of the Cen- 

 tral Station, :\Ir. J. HaJl, gardener to Mrs. 

 Hiniter. U lekliam, was first; Mr T Bill 

 gardener to A. E. Bainbridge, Esq., second! 



The bush plants provided the greatest at- 

 traetion m the show. The fifteen guinea cup 

 was won by Mr. Reay with beautifully 

 grown plants of Cheltoni, Nellie Pockett, 

 Viviand Morel, and Chas. Davis- Mr W 

 J homson, an amateur of South Shields was 

 a close seeond; and Mr. James Cooper, 13, 

 \\ eston Park, South Shields, was third. For 

 four bush plants (singles), Mr, Reay wa« 

 again first, and Mr. T. Bell second 



For a group of chrysanthemums and other 

 flowers and foliage plants, Mr. T. Bell led 

 with a neatly arranged group ; Mr. J. 

 Hetherington, gardener to C. T. Kendell^ 

 Esq., Preston House, North Shields, second! 



For a collection of vegetables, ten kinds 

 Mr. T. Carr, Blue Bell Cottages, Shields 

 Row, led, with Mr. R. Shield, Swalwell, 

 second, and Mr. T. Booth, Swalwell, third. 



In the cup class for three leeks, Mr. W. 

 Robly, Station Cottages, Fourstones, was 

 first, the combined measurements of his three 

 specimens being 157.4 cubic inches; Mr. J. 

 Mowbrav second, with 151.3 cubic inches- 

 and Mr.^Valter Telford, West Wylam, third', 

 with 138.5 cubic inches. The competition was 

 very keen. For two heads of celery Mr. \V. 

 Telford was an easy first. 



In the fruit clast^es, for two bunches of 

 white grapes, Mr. W. Smith, gardener to the 

 Earl of Durham, Lambton Castle, led; and 

 for two bunches of black grapes, Mr. J. 

 Hetherington scored. For six dishes of 

 cooking apples, Mr. Jas. Henderson, gardener 

 to the Right Hon. Sir Edward Grey, Bart., 

 Fullodon Hall, scored; and for six dishes of 

 dessert apples, Mr. AV. Lambert led the way. 



There were numerous non-competitive 

 groups, and notable among these was a group 

 staged by Mr. Perry, gardener to Lord Rid- 

 ley, Blagdon Hall, consisting of brilliantly 

 coloured winter-flowering begonias, liliums, 

 various orchids, and other flowering and foli- 

 age plants. The North of England Horticul- 

 tural Society's medal was awarded to this 

 exhibit. A similar award and a gold 

 medal was awarded to Messrs. S. Finny and 

 Co., Granger Street, Newcastle, for one of the 

 finest exhibits of floral designs ever seen in 

 the city. Gold medals were also awarded to 

 Messrs. Sutton and Sons for a large ex- 

 hibit of potatecs; and to Messrs. W. Law- 

 renson and Sons, 111, Pilgram Street, New- 

 castle, for a fine group of miscellaneous 

 flowering and foliage plants. Silver medals 

 were awarded to Messrs. Dicksons, Chester, 

 for chrysanthemums; to Mr. W. A. Arm- 

 strong, for a large group of plants suitable 

 for decorative purposes; to Messrs. Michie 

 and Co., Alnwick, for a collection of apples; 

 and to the Earl of Devon, Powderham Castle. 

 Devon (gardener, Mr. Powell), for a collec- 

 tion of finely-coloured apples. 



Hitchin. 



The Hitchin Society has pursued the even 

 tenour of its way for many years. It in- 

 variably holds a good exhibition, though in 

 extent and site this has varied a little in the 

 course of time. On Thursday, November 14, 

 the society held a capital show in the Town 

 Hall. The table decorations were placed 

 down the centre of the hall, while, baskets, 

 bowls, and vases of blooms, and the vases 

 of single chrysanthemums, were accommo- 

 dated in the ^ Council Cliamber upstairs. 

 There is scarcely room to do the exhibits 

 justice, but full' advantage is taken of the 

 available space, plant classes' and vegetables 

 being grouped on the deep platform or 

 stage. 



No boards are used at Hitchin, but all th« 

 cut flowers are displayed m vases. Fine 

 quality was found throughout, and Mr. Jef- 

 feries* flowers were as fine as could poeeibly 

 be. Fruits and vegetables were staged freely 

 and well. 



The silver challenge cup for six vases of 

 Japanese chrysanthemums, three blooms of 

 one variety in each vase, was won by Mr. 

 A. Jefferies, gardener to J. Balfour, Esq., 

 Moor Ball, Hariow, with superb, solid 

 flowers of Fred Green, Wm. Turner,- F. S. 

 Vallis, Mrs. Gilbert Drabble, John Peed, and 

 Lady Talbot; Mr. E. Kimms, gardener to 

 W. B. Hawkins, Esq., Stagenhoe Park, V^el- 

 wyn, second, with good blooms of Frances 

 Jollifife, Lady Talbot, and Hon. Mrs. Lopes: 

 Mr. R. H. Crockford, gardener to M. H. 

 Pryor, Esq., Weston Park, Stevenage, third; 

 seven entries. Mr. Jefferies also secured 

 premier award fer twelve Japanese blooms, 

 distinct, set up in four va?es, and here he 

 had Marie Loomes, Ladv Talbot, H. Con- 

 verse, and John Peed in tine form; Mr. T. J- 



