Natural History of the Hudson's Bay Territories. 53 



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surements are taken from the specimens which I have received 

 from Hudson's Bay, one of each bird, and all these apparently 

 full grown : — 



B. Cana- B. leu- B. Hut- 

 densis. colcema. cMnsii ? 



Length of bird, from tip of bill to end of lnches ' Inches ' Inches ' 



tail feathers, measured along the back, 

 Length of upper mandible, from tip to 



where the downy plumage begins, 



measured along the middle, . 

 Breadth of upper mandible across the 



nostrils, .... 

 Height of upper mandible at the nos- 

 trils, .... 

 Length of head, from base of the middle 



of the mandibles to the occiput, 

 Length of wing, from carpal joint to end 



of longest wing feathers, 

 Length of tarsus, 



Length of first phalanx of middle toe, . 



There is also a slight difference in the arrangement of the 

 scuta on the phalanges of the Canada goose and leucolmma, 

 though not very decided. In the next species this is much 

 more marked. 



B . Hutchinsii ? Richard and Swain. (Plate 1). — The pre- 

 ceding measurements show that this is a much smaller bird, 

 and it will be observed that the proportions are different. The 

 bill is proportionally much smaller, narrower, and deeper, 

 than in the other two. The colour is much the same as 

 in the Canada goose, but darker and richer on the back, 

 and with a greater shade of fawn on the belly, instead of 

 the lavender colour in the Canada goose, owing to the colour 

 of the terminations of the abdominal feathers. The cravat- 

 patch wants the black necking which Captain Ord informs me 

 he has found to be a constant character in his specimens of 

 the Canada goose. 



There is a marked difference in the mode of arrangement 

 of the scuta on the first phalanx of the middle toe. In the 

 two preceding species there are three oblique transverse scuta 

 at the distal extremity, those further back being broken up into 

 polygonal plates ; while in this species there are seven broad 



