170 Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society. 



lv., figs. 4 and 5), without any specific name assigned to it, 

 which is closely allied to, if it be not identical with, the Roto- 

 marrama cranium. It is said to be " equal in size to that of 

 Dinornis casuarinus, and, from the presence of the left post- 

 orbital process, to furnish another mark of difference from 

 the cranial structure of Dinornis proper — namely, the non- 

 union of the postfrontal with the mastoid." Again, he says, 

 " The olfactory chambers are broader behind than P. gera- 

 noides, and had not the transverse ridge : the frontals broader 

 and flatter between the antorbital processes : the temporal de- 

 pressions are relatively larger, and are traversed by a subver- 

 tical ridge — differences which indicate the specific distinction of 

 the birds to which these nearly equal-sized crania belonged." 



The neural canal in the cervical, dorsal, and sacral vertebrae 

 corresponds in size with the foramen magnum in the cranium 

 found along with these bones, so that there can be little doubt 

 that these specimens all belong to one individual. 



The body of the cervical vertebra is three inches in length ; 

 and the transverse diameter of its anterior and posterior arti- 

 culating surfaces measures exactly two inches. From the 

 rudimental form of the spinous process above, and the con- 

 dition of the hsemapophysis below, compared with those in the 

 emeu, this appears to be one of the posterior cervical vertebrse, 

 where the spinous process is least developed — probably the 

 fifteenth or sixteenth reckoning backwards. 



The body of the dorsal vertebra is an inch and a half in 

 length, the transverse diameter at the anterior articulating 

 surface is two inches, and that of the posterior articulating 

 surface an inch and x 7 0 -ths. The costal depression is an inch 

 in length, and half an inch from side to side at the middle 

 and broadest part, situated at the upper and fore part of the 

 body of the vertebra. There is a smaller articulating surface 

 for the tubercle of the rib at the under and back part of the 

 transverse protuberance. The height from the base of the 

 body posteriorly to the tip of the spinous process is five inches. 

 There is a large pneumatic foramen at the base of each trans- 

 verse protuberance, which almost penetrates into the neural 

 canal, the intervening space being translucent. The shortness 

 of the body of the seventh dorsal vertebra in the skeleton of 



