Jan. 28, 1892.] 



FOREST AND STREAM. 



98 



Also a yacht with heavy overhangs will be generally more 

 strongly built, and will necessarily tie of greater weight— two 

 qualities which are getting rather deficient in the modern racing 

 boat with plumb stem and square stern. As a set-off against this 

 appreciation it can be stated with unerring certainty that, if the 

 overhangs were included in the length for rating, they would in- 

 stantly disappear, as not worth the tax. It was the same under 

 the old tonnage rules, and would be the same again.'' 



CRUISING SPOONBILLS. 



JSditor Forest and Stream: 



Mr. Wieksteed's letter on small cruisers in your issue of Jan. 11, 

 contains some interesting suggestions relative to single -banders, 

 but his comments on my letter relating to the spoonbills, which 

 you published on Dec. 3], shows that he mistakes my position. I 

 endeavored to make it clear that I was writing about a small and 

 compact sportsman's cruiser, and depply regret that he should 

 have construed my writing as a criticism on the admirable little 

 single-bander whose lines he has eiven in your issue of Dec. IT. 

 ft Mr. Wieksteed is as handy with rod and gun and as well versed 

 in campcraft as be is with the designer's and builder's tools, he 

 surely must appreciate my discrimination. It is more plcasu T able 

 for me to indorse the work of brother cruisers than to hunt for 

 defects, and let me say that I believe the boat he has designed 

 will prove a source of pleasure, for I recall a delightful vacation 

 spent some four years ago in a yawl rigged craft built on linos 

 similar to those of the boat he is building. 



The difficulty in writing about small crui°ers and single- 

 banders is enhanced by the variety of types and uses which the 

 terms involve. I had selected a type of craft for the use of those 

 who delight to hunt, fish and travel through the. bays along our 

 coast and over the Inland lakes and waterways where both oars 

 and sails can be used and rough water encountered as well as 

 navigating shallows. For nearly a score of years I have an- 

 nually spent a portion of the open season with rod and gun cruis- 

 ing and exploring in some sort of craft, while many winter even- 

 ings were devoted to the fascinations of designing and building, 

 although maybe in an imperfect and amateurish manner, I may 

 have neglected opportunities for observation and improvement, 

 so that among my id iosy nets sies crops out a partiality for the 

 type of boat exemplified in Moccasin for the purposes indicated. 

 According to my lights, however, I find such a craft should em- 

 body: 1. Sufficient size to carry the cruiser and his camp duffle. 

 2. Ease and speed under both oars and sails. 3. Handiness on 

 shore. 4. Handiness afloat. 5. Considerable initial stability. 

 6. Ability in any water where it will float. 7. Facility for trans- 

 portation. 



To better comprehend these requirements I have usually 

 changed tbe common way of estimating s'ze on the water-line to 

 the over-all measurement method, which is another heresy in the 

 manual of the single-hander. Moccasin represents one of three 

 different models of thespconhiil family that I have designed, and 

 although larger than the requirements of one person demand, 

 still while it will accommodate two persons and a dog with all 

 the camp and cruising outfit, it can be easily handled on shore by 

 one person. Dismantled it can be rowed or poled over grass 

 clogged marsh, or its nose poked up narrow and winding streams 

 tributary to more open water, while under sail it will ride a rough 

 sea, and along smooth water skim like a bird. To add on the long 

 taper overhang will increase its weight and size, and which re- 

 verses the rule in a craft where you do not restrict, dimensions. 

 It also reduces handiness on shore, prevents the drop rudder being 

 hung on a well rockered skag, so essential in beaching, and serves 

 no truly necessary purpose beyond the fashionable one of looks. 

 It will to some extent diminish the spoonbill's ability and safety 

 in taking the beach on the crest of a sea, by inducing too great 

 ardency, and hamper the rudder in working clear from the bottom 

 as the stern drops. It also prevents access to the rudder in many 

 unpleasantor critical situations when speedily necessary during 

 a voyage or hunting trip. Jn running before a strong wind and a 

 high crested sea with a liberal sail spread, there is some care re- 

 quired in a boat having the beam and perpendicular bow of the 

 spoonbill, to prevent taking a header; and may not the overhang 

 increase the liability to some extent from a sharp or sudden lift 

 at the atom which helps depress tbe bow already crowded by the 

 sail pressure? A properly designed elliptical stern will rise easily 

 to a following sea and escape danger from being seriously pooped 

 or flooded in this craft and from which less danger is to be appre- 

 hended than getting lifted over endwise. 



While the. production of tbe overhang is a small matter to the 

 experienced builder, yet it increases the cost and difficulty of con- 

 struction over the narrow, elliptical transom, which is an item to 

 the novice who essays to try his hand at building. Hence, from 

 the reasons I have set forth and others not essential to enumerate 

 at present, I am inclined to consider the cruising spoonbill 

 handier without the addition of the overhang, and to favor its 

 use on craft of different model and purposes. 



Two prominent builders, one of New York and the other of Illi- 

 nois, recognizing the ability of a drop rudder in small craft, have 

 attempted to combine its use with the overhang. One has carried 

 tbe skag to the end of tbe stern, while the other has left a recess 

 ot slit in the overhang for the rudder to house in. But neither 

 has made the boat of a gi yen capacity nay handier ou shore-, 

 which I consider important. I am obliged to say that Mr. Wick- 

 steed's solution of the weed and rudder difficulty does not cover 

 my view fully, as one who has got tangled in a grass patch will 

 comprehend. The drop rudder properly hung on a rockered skag 

 will perform wonders of Its own accord, but I have seen drift 

 rubbish and grass so choke up under the stern of the little cruiser 

 as to interfere with the working of the blade, and had to go over 

 the transom with my sleeve rolled up. 



While recognizing the serviceability of the yawl and cat yawl 

 rigs on comparatively longer and narrower boats, yet I have 

 tried about every variety and form of rigging known to small 

 craft on the spoonbills, and I still maintain the desirability of 

 putting the canvas in some form of a single sail, but give prefer- 

 ence to the balance lug as an easy sail in running and readily de- 

 tachable from the mast. It is no disparagement to Mr. Wick- 

 steett's craft to say it will not fill the requirements I have men- 

 tioned, no more than to compare a yacht or canoe or other famous 

 type, for they have their proper uses and fill them satisfactorily. 

 I am also frank to say that for a craft like his I believe the over- 

 hang to be extremely useful as well as ornamental, and weil 

 adapted to the purposes for which it is designed. For a short, 

 light boat that can be readily handled on shore, it is not neces-ary 

 nor desirable to have it, riding at anchor in a heavy sea. As it is 

 easily andespeedily hauled up above the waves, your outfit, can be 

 kept dry and is more readily accessible than when tossing at 

 moorings, and it can be more readily launched and boarded from 

 the shore, thus doing away with a tender. How often does the 

 sportsman cruiser appreciate this when he builds his campiire on 

 shore or desires to take a ruu up tiie bank for a shot or to visit a 

 neighboring locality. Hauled up thus with everything stored in- 

 side end hatch closed, and perhaps belayed to a tree to keep some 

 vandal from casting it adrift, it is as safe and sure as a big Sara- 

 toga, and as ready for shipment, by its own element as well as by 

 wagon or rail. 



If Mr. Wicksteed has never cruised in a spoonbill I trust he may 

 some time enjoy an opportunity on the inland lakes of New York, 

 where he can interview the lake trout, the bass and pike, and 

 have a broil over hardwood coah; or else skim over the waters of 

 Barneeat Bay; take a shot at duck, go crabbing or angle for salt 

 water fish; or perchance cruise, shoot and fish for a few weeks in 

 the bays and bayous of Florida or Louisiana in one of the handy 

 little craft. Since I built Moccasin, business demands have neces- 

 sitated my removal from old haunts in the East, and up in the 

 Eorthwest my cruising is confined to deep water craft or in a 

 river canoe. But I know of a stretch of water where the fishing 

 is good and shooting ditto, where I hope the coming summer to 

 launch a new spoonbill which, while differing somewhat in minor 

 matters from Moccasin, yet will embrace most of her best 

 features. . _ Cayuga. 



COM. CROWNINSHIELD.— The death is announced by cable 

 of Mr. B. W. Crowninshield, Commodore of the Corinthian Y. < 

 uf Marbiehead, and one of the leaders in yachiiog about Boston 

 and Marbiehead. Com, Crowninshield, who has always beeu a 

 warm friend of the smaller yachts and of Corinthian sailing, lias 

 been traveling for some time in Europe for his health. He has 

 owned the 10-footer Tomahawk for two years. 



SIPPICAN Y. C Marion, Mass.— Officers for 1892: Com., J, 

 Gorham Palfrey; Vice-Corn., Bruce Clark; Sec.-Treas., G. Grie- 

 wold Van Rensselaer; Meas., Wm. H. Davie; Auditor, J. S. 

 Whiting. Board of Directors, J. Gorliam Paltrev, Bruce Clark, 

 J. Henry Clark. Jr., G. G. Van Rensselaer, Royal S. Rvder. Ebtm 

 Holmes. Regatta Committee, J. Gorham Palfrey, G. G. Van 

 Rensselaer, Wm. H. Davis. 



JACK O'LANTHORNE— This 2^-rater, whose lines were pub- 

 lished in tbe Forest aht) Stream of July 29, owned by Cspt. 

 Henry E. Bayly, made five starts last season, winning four firsts 

 and one second prizes, the value being £25, 



WADENA.— The new steam yacht Wadena, which sailed from 

 Now York on Jan, ? for Nassau, has not yet beeu reported. 



BUILDING AT BRISTOL. 



THOUGH the Herreshofl: shops are by no means taxed to their 

 full capacity, the floors of the building shops are well covered 

 with racing craft of novel form and more than usual interest. 

 The Rogers 46-footer, not yet named, is practically completed, the 

 outside being ready for the final coat of paint, the deck laid, 

 caulked and seams payed, the bulwarks on, and the interior work 

 well advanced. The exact, dimensions have not, been made public; 

 in fact, but few authentic figures concerning Gloriana are avail- 

 able, so that it is difficult, to compare the two, but the new boat 

 has about the same beam and probably about lift, draft, or a little 

 more than Gloriana, while her designed watcriine will be nearer 

 415ft. than 45ft.: Gloriana. by accident or design, having measured 

 exactly 45ft. under the official tape line. 



On this length, the forward sections and waterlines are even 

 fuller and rounder than in Gloriana, and suggest strongly the bow 

 of the new fin keel craft for Mr. Morgan ana for the Clyde. The 

 outline of the stem above water is also different from Gloriana, 

 hers heing almost a straight line with just a suggestion of a hol- 

 low, while in the new boat the whole line, from the waterline up, 

 is slightly convex, the upper part in particular shewing quite a 

 strong upward curvature. The effect conveyed to the eye is that 

 the whole bow is fuller, and that while the actual length of over- 

 hang is about th^ same, the boat is still larger than Gloriana about 

 and above the forward quarter of the waterline. The stern also 

 shows a very round and full waterline, though the frames about, 

 the tuck are well hollowed out. The massive and heavy lead keel, 

 a fine piece of solid casting, has been re-inforced by nine straps of 

 2in. brass on each side, let into the lead and the lower planking 

 and well bolted, each strap being about 30in. long. The main 

 keel bolts are heavy and of Tobin bronze, the straps being supple- 

 mentary to tbe usual keel construction. 



The deck is, both in appearance and for practical use. an im- 

 provement on the canvas-covered deck of Gloriana, being of 

 SJ^in. pine, laid fore and aft in the usual wav, the seams being 

 paid with Jeffreys marine glue, which is used liberally on all the 

 new yachts in the. shop. The rudder is of oak, with a bronze stock 

 about Sin. in diameter through the rudder trunk. The chain- 

 plates are on tbe frames inside the planking, there being no chan- 

 nels. The mast partner is a circle of angle steel, riveted to a 

 steel plate, from which the deck diagonals radiate. The scant- 

 ling is light throughout, but the workmanship and fastenings, as 

 well as the disposition of the various members, is such as to secure 

 ample strength. 



The interior is handsomely finished in butternut, the planning 

 being much the same as in fcUoriana. With moderate beam, full 

 fore and aft lines above water and the steel framing, there is a 

 very large amount of space compared with the other boats of the 

 46f t. classs. The forecastle is long, light and roomy, extending a 

 couple of feet abaft the mast; abaft it on the starboard side is the 

 captain's room, about 6ft. Sin. long and of good size. Opposite to 

 this is the pantry on the port side, with space for a passage, and 

 adjoining the main saloon is a toilet room and w. o- The main 

 saloon is a fine large room for such a craft, about Hf t. long, the 

 next 3ft. being given up to tbe steerage, with companion ladder in 

 the center, a second toilet room to starboard, and wardrobe to 

 port, besides the latter being the passage to the after stateroom, 

 arranged with the usual two berths. Below the floor is a depth of 

 about 4ft. for water tanks, spare gear, etc. 



The yacht can be finished in a short time, and will be ready for 

 launching long before she is t eeded. Built in a warm shop, and 

 of dry and seasoned wood, with no caulking in the close seams of 

 the double planking, the bottom can be made roafly for racing 

 without the usual scraping which is necessary with puttied seams. 



The new Morgan 35-footer is well advanced, the decks being 

 laid and the joiner work partly in. The accompanying sketch we 

 take from tbe Providence Journal. The yacht will be 52ft, over 

 all, 35ft. l.w.L, about 8ft. beam, and about 2ft. depth of hull, with 

 nearly fift. of steel fin, or over 7ft. Oin. total draft. The frames are 

 all steamed and bent, of oak; the deck beams are also of oak, nar- 

 row and deep, and spaced but 9in. They and the frames are 

 crossed by galvanized steel straps running diagonally. The deck 

 is of }4 in. pine, 2^in, wide, laid with a new ship lap, the two 

 edges riveted together, leaving a seam for marine glue. The out- 

 side planking is a fine piece of work, all of mahogany, and will be 

 varnished above the waterline. The fin is a plate or '^in. steel, 

 about, 16ft. tiin. on the upper and sft. Sin. on the lower edge, the 

 lead cylinder being in two halves bolted to the plate. The head- 

 room is of course limited, b°.ing about 1ft. under the irash deck, 

 hut fore and aft there is plenty of room for berths, galley, etc. 

 The yacht will be rigged with a pole mast, bowsprit, staysail and 

 jib. The rudder is of the peculiar shape shown. The i.'34-rater for 

 the Clyde is very similar, but only 25ft. on waterline and about 

 38ft. over all. The fin in this ease will be of Tobin bronze. 



The new steamer for the St. Lawrence River, the duplicate of 

 the Katrina, is now nearly planked, the boat being built keel up- 

 ward. The cruising steim yacht before described is still in the 

 shop, as is the 25ft. cat for the Jersey coast. No other keels have 

 been laid yet, though in addition to tbe 25-footer for Mr. H. Mait- 

 land Kersey, of New York, there is talk of one or two more of the 

 25 or 35-footers, and also of a 20 rater for England and possibly of 

 a new high-speed steamer. In the machine shops a numb?r of 

 engines are under way, mostly for stock. 



"PORT" AND "STARBOARD." 



SINCE July 1, 1891, the old words of command for altering the 

 helm, viz., "starboard" or "port," have been given up on board 

 the ships of the North German Llovds and the Hamburg-American 

 Line, and the order "right" or "left" substituted. 



It is difficult to break with old customs, and seamen in esoecial are 

 conservative; it is therefore not a. matter of wonder that 'many old 

 sailors look with great disfavor upon this latest innovation! On 

 board the steamers of the two great, fines mentioned above; however, 

 the change has been made obligatory, and, according to a reporr 

 forwarded to the directors by one of their oldest captains, who was 

 himspif opposed to the idea, has been attended with the happiest 

 results. 



As soon as t he order "right" is given, the telegraph is moved to the 

 right, the wheel is revolved to the right, the ship turns to the right, 

 the rudder-indicator points right, the rudder itself moves light, and 

 the steering-mark on the compass as well; and so vir.e versa when 

 the order "left" is given. Nothing can be simpler, and no possibility 

 of mistake can arise. 



The objection has been raised that the new Avoids of command are 

 not international and therefore illegal. This statement, however, 

 will not hold good, as both English and American pilots, in whom 

 every one has confidence, have made no difficulties in using the new 

 words of command when piloting the ships of the two hefore-men- 

 tioued companies. 



Such special words of cdtDmand as "luff' ' and '-i.i-.ep away" will 

 naturally be retained when ships are under sail: but otherwise it is 

 pretty certain that before long in the whole German merchant ser- 

 vice "right" and "left" will be substituted for "starboard" and 

 "port," as has already beeu done in the German Navy; and men 

 returning from the latter will no longer have to unlearn what they 

 have been taught on board the men-of-war.— Nautical Magazine-. 



LAKE ERIE.— Oq Jan. 19 a meeting of yachtsmen from lakes 

 Erie and Huron was held at Detroit, the following vachtsmeu 

 being present: George W. Bills, Charles P. Curtis. Henry Tracy 

 and Frank Lee, Ohio Y. C, of Toledo: S. L. Matthias. Joseph 

 Hechburn. Toledo Y. C, George W. Gardner, Cleveland Y. C; L. 



:£i-u.a la^uMut; iv-a u, ui jjcLiuii, auu jj. \r. jNunurup ana ±i. 



L. Bennett, Buffalo Y. C. George w. Bills was made chairman. 

 Commodore Gardner moved th<st a club be formed to be called 

 the "Lake Erie Yachting and Racing Association." Mr. Tracy 

 moved to amend by i-alling it the "Inter-Lake Yachting and Rac- 

 ing Association." Mr. Miller moved that it be called the "Lake 

 Corinthian Yachting Association," and that its membership be 

 limited to amateurs. Commodore Gardner earnestly protested 

 against, excluding professionals. The Toledo people favored 

 Detroit's idea of confining the organization to amateurs. Alex. 

 McLeod moved as asubs'itute for all the name "The Lake and 

 Straits Yachting Association." This substitute was supported by 

 Commodore Gardner, and it was adopted unanimously. The 



club fee was fixed at $25 annually and assessments were prohibited 

 except by unanimous consent of all clubs in tbe organization. The 

 place or places for the annual meet will be determined by the 

 managing board of the association, and no one city can be named 

 for two successive regattas. It was decided to give money prizes 

 and to have no entrance fee. These matters will be reported to 

 the several clubs for ratification, and a constitution and by-laws 

 drawn up accordingly. Tha new organization starts out with 

 every prospect, of success. 



EXPERIMENTS WITH SHIP MODELS.-Messrs. Kelso & 

 Co., of Glasgow, are at present engaged with scientific apparatus 

 for an experimental tank for the Russian Government, pointing 

 to tbe conclusion that the value and importance of results ob- 

 tained from experiment with ship models are becoming to be 

 more appreciated. The same firm, a number of years ago, sup- 

 plied Messrs. Wm. Denny & Brothers, Dumbarton, with a similar 

 apparatus. The Admiralty bad previously adopted Mr, Froude's 

 method and Messrs. Denny followed their example. Leading up 

 to a similar order for the Italian Government, Messrs. Kelso 

 fitted up one in tbe royal arsenal at Spezia. The dynamometer 

 truck and the screw propeller truck apparatus now be'ng made 

 will be fitted up in St. Petersburg next year.— Field. 



FALL RIVER Y. C. OFFICERS, 1892.-Com„ D. J. Burdick; 

 Vice-Corn.. Isaac H. Law ton, Rear Com., Claries L. Cumminge; 

 Sec'y, W. E. Blossom; Treas., C. E. D. Pierce; Meas., P.E.Borden. 

 Directors: D. J. Burdick, Edward Shove, H. W. Tinkham, Hale 

 Remington. Irving Cook. Committee ma Membership: George B. 

 Pierce, T. Haggerty. Andrew Border, James F. Davenport, D. J. 

 Burdick. Regatta Committee: Benjamin D, Briggs, Enrch Hors- 

 field, Fred. B. Durfee, Fred. Waterman, Thomas W. Holbrook. 

 Auditing Committee: D. J. Burdick, H. M. Tinkham, Edward 

 Shove. The total membership of the club is 382. 



A NEW 21-FOOTER.— Mr. W. P. Fowles. owner of Saladin and 

 tbe two Saracens, will build a 21-footer. of 30ft. over all, 8ft. beam 

 and 6ft. draft, for racing at Marbiehead. 



J£mwti[8 to (^ontHponimtn. 



L. W. W.— The rifle you name will suit tha puruose; it has a 

 reputation for accuracy. 



F. H. B., Meriden, Conn.— For glass to inspect target address E. 

 B. Meyrowitz, 295 Fourth avenue, New York. Rifle telescooes are 

 made by L. M. Mogg, Marcellus, N. Y. 



H. G. W., New Haven.— Bird lime is made of linseed oil boiled 

 down until it becomes thick and glutinous. Boil it in an earthen 

 pot and outdoors. Be sure that cover of pot is tight while the oil 

 boils. 



J. G. S., Brooklyn.— 1, Who is considered the best all-round off- 

 hand pistol shot in the world'/ 2. How long has the Forest and 

 Stream been published? Ans. 1. Walter Winans, of Brighton, 

 England. 3. Since 1873. 



"Htjab oe the Sturgeon River."— Will soms reader who Sh 

 familiar with the fishing and hunting at the bead of Sturgeon 

 River. Alger county, Mich., give us information through the 

 Forest and Stream columns or send me their address.— C. H, 

 Bates, Manistee Junction, Mich. 



J. H. F., North Adam.8, Mass.— I note your reply to letter about 

 the waters of Haystack Pond in Wilmington, Vt. You say that 

 pickerel or pike would destrov trout, which is correct: but no fish 

 of any kind are known to inhabit this pond. Ans. If there are 

 no fish in the pond perhaps the trout and bass have starved. Why 

 not introduce some minnows and landlocked smelt as food for the 

 game fishes? 



Subscriber, Watertown. N. Y.— Will some persons familiar 

 with the matter please advise when, where and how to deposit 

 trout fry to bring about best results? I understand the State 

 Commissioners issue no instructions. Ans. Assuming that yon 

 have secured trout adapted to the waters of your region we Bote 

 that brook trout have been distributed from February to May. 

 though chiefly in March and April: lake trout from March to 

 August; rainbows and brown trout in April and May. Lake trout 

 are suitable only for deep, cold lakes of large size and well sup- 

 plied with fish for their tood. Applicants are usually advised to 

 deposit all fish as near as possible to the head of the lake or 

 stream, and liberate fry at night in order that they may find 

 hiding places before mo3t of their enemies begin to feed. It is 

 now generally believed that yearlings are best suited for stock- 

 ing because they are less liable to destruction than young fry 

 and yield results more quickly. 



P., Frederickshall.Va.— 1. 1 have constructed a pond of 2% acres 

 in wh'ch I propose to place large-mouthed black bass. The pond 

 is 10ft. deep in places, and contains no other fish except many 

 thousands of minnows. I have procured with much difficulty ten. 

 bass from 8 to 9inu in length, and have put them in the pond. "Can 

 1 hope with so few Bsh for a nroper proportion of the sexes, and 

 can I expect them to spawn next spring/ The pond is fed with 

 pure spring water. 2. Can you tell me where I can procure large- 

 mouthed bass? Ans. 1. The probability is that a sufficient 

 rumber of the two sexes are included among the bass you now 

 have and we should expect to find some of them spawning next 

 spring, say about tbe middle of May. The young fry will eat one 

 another, and old fish devour the young, especially the laree- 

 mouthed bass. You must protect the young by partitioning r fir a 

 small part of the pond with screens through which the voung, 

 but not the adults, can pass freely. 2. Perhaps Hon, W. J. Green, 

 of Fayetteville, N. C, would send you some voung baas from his 

 preserves. Dr. S. P. Bartlett, Secretary Illinois Fish Commission, 

 Qumcv, 111,, can probably give you aid. The L*. S- Fish Commis- 

 sion, Washington, has recently begun the distribution of this fish 

 in the summer months. Henry Huddleston, Remington, Ohio, 

 furnished some fair ones for the Cincinnati Exposition. 



CORRESPONDENCE. 



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 ment, instruction and information between American sportsmen. 

 The Editors invite communications on the subjects to which its pages 

 are devoted, Anonymous communications will not be regarded. 

 The Editors are not responsible for the views of correspondents. 



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