Forest and Stream. 



A Weekly Journal of the Rod and Gun. 



Terms, $4 A Yeah. 10 Gts. a Copy. ) 



Six Montbs, $2. I 



NEW YORK, JUNE 2, 1892. 



( VOL. XXXVIII.-No. 22. 

 ( No. 318 Broadway, New Yohk. 



CONTENTS. 



Editorial. 



Fish and Fishing in Ohio. 

 Food for fishes. 

 Croakers to the Rear. 

 Snap Shots. 



The Sportsman Tourist. 

 On the Pampas of Entre Kios. 

 "Forest and Stream" Photo- 

 graphs. 



Natural History. 



Boldness of a Rat. 



Animal "Wisdom. 



Snake Group. 



Does the Rattlesnake. Spit? 



Ways of the Ruffed Grouse. 



Game Bag and Gun. 



A Scout in Idaho. 



Maine Large Game. 



Reminiscent. 



Chicago and the West. 



Massachusetts Sharptail 

 Grouse. 



That Elvsium. 



ReboundiDg Locks. 



Calibers of Hnnting Rifles. 



"Podgers's" Commentaries. 



Notes from Mexico. 



Raid on a Cold Storage Ware- 

 house. 



Sea and River Fishing. 



Fish and Fishing in Ohio. 

 Food for Fishes. 

 The Susquehanna. 

 White Mountain Trout. 

 Pennsylvania Trout Anglers. 

 Chicago and the West. 

 Cedar Lake Bass. 



Sea and River Fishing. 



A Trip for Trout. 

 Fishculture. 



American Fisheries Society. 



The Kennel. 



The Pet Doe Show in London. 

 The Beagle Standard. 

 Worms. 



Flaps from the Beaver's Tail. 

 Dog Chat. 



Answers to Correspondents. 



Canoeing. 



The Cruising Race. 

 News Notes. 



Yachting. 



Memorial Day Races. 

 Recorded Speed of Yachts. 

 Corinthian Fleet of Atlantic 



City. 

 News Notes. 



Rifle Range and Gallery. 



Revolver Championship. 

 '•Forest and Stream" Tourna- 

 ment. 



New Jersey Rifle Shooting. 



Trap Shooting. 



Knoxville Tournament. 

 Iowa State Shoot. 

 Mankota Tournament. 

 The Sunflower Tournament. 

 Drivers and Twisters. 

 Matches and Meetings. 



Answers to Queries. 



For Prospectus and Advertising Rates see Page 53! 



ROD AND GUN AND CAMERA. 

 AS a recognition of the important place of amateur photography 

 in its relation to sports of the held and prairie and mountain and 

 forest and stream, the Forest and Stream offers a series of 

 prizes for meritorious work with the camera. The conditions 

 under yrhicn these prizes will he givea are in brief as here set 



There will be ten prizes, as follows: First $25. Second $20 

 Third $15. Fourth $10. Six of $5 each. 



The competition will be open to amateurs only. 



The subjects must relate to Forest and Stream's field-game 

 and fish (alive or deadj. shooting and fishing, the camp, campers 

 and camp life, sportsman travel by land or water. 



There is no restriction as to the time when the pictures may 

 have been or may be made-whether in 1892 or in previous years. 



Pictures will be received up to Dee. 31, of this year. 



All work must be original; that is to say, it must not have been 

 submitted in any other competition, nor have been published. 



There are no restrictions as to make or style of camera, nor as 

 to size of plate. 



A competitor need not he a subscriber of Forest and Stream. 



All photographs will be submitteed to a committee, shortly to 

 be announced. In making their awards the judges will be in- 

 structed to take into consideration the technical merits of the 

 work as a photograph, its artistic qualities; and other things 

 being equal, the unique and difficult nature of the subject. 



Photographs must be marked only with initials or a pseudonym 

 for identification. With each photograph should be given name 

 of sender, title of view, locality, date, and name of camera. 



The photographs shall be the property of the Forest and 

 Stream. This applies only to the particular prints tent us. 



From time to time we shall reproduce by the half-tone process 

 samples of the work submitted, and should the interest in 

 Forest and Stream's Amateur Photography Collection prove 

 to be what is anticipated, we may ask for an expression of opinion 

 by a vote of all our readers after the manner of the successful 

 and famous "Camp-Fire Flickering Vote." Such popular vote 

 will be quite distinct from the award by the committee. 



FOOD FOR FISHES. 



Under the above title we print a noteworthy paper, by 

 Mr. A. N. Cheney, in our series of articles read before the 

 American Fisheries Society. Mr. Cheney relates how a 

 New York lake, thirty-six miles long and from one to two 

 and one-half miles wide, was stocked in 1878 by planting 

 18,000 crayfish as food for the black bass and other game 

 fishes. For several years past the entire lake has con- 

 tained crayfish in abundance. 



Among the best known and most widely distributed of 

 the natural foods for trout .are the fresh- water shrimp 

 belonging to the genus Gammams. These give to Cale- 

 donia Creek its pre-eminence as a trout stream, and they 

 flourish there on a kind of moss {Hypnimi) which is native 

 in few localities, but may be easily and advantageously 

 transplanted. This little "shrimp" is not a near relative 

 of the salt-water shrimp, but is closer to the sand fleas of 

 our sea shore; the common form in trout streams is only 

 about one-half inch long, but makes rip in numbers what 

 it lacks in size, and its fertility is wonderful, In brooks 

 near Marquette, Michigan, Prof. S. I. Smith found, in 

 stomachs of brook trout, a larger kind measuring from 

 three-fifths to four-fifths of an inch. A figure of this one 

 is published on Plate II., Report U. S. Fish Commission, 

 Part II. ; the illustration (figure 6) is greatly enlarged, in 

 order to show details of the structure. By the use of 



another kind of shrimp Mr. Thos. Andrews, of Guildford, 

 England, secured a rapid growth of trout in his ponds, 

 the young of the crustacean having been found admir- 

 able food for his fry. Mr. Andrews introduces insect 

 eggs and larvae also into his waters, particularly the 

 alder-fly, grannom-fly and May-fly. Snails prove ex- 

 ceedingly useful, their eggs furnishing abundant and 

 suitable food for small fish, while the large trout dispose 

 of the adult animals. The shrimp and snails are fed upon 

 liver and horse flesh. Mr. Cheney reminds us that the 

 alder-fly and grannom-fly are caddis flies, and their larvae 

 are called "caddis worms." 



In conclusion Mr. Cheney relates his experience in 

 transplanting the May- fly and establishing it in waters 

 wherein it was unknown. He gathered the flies in a bait 

 bucket and a tin biscuit box, but afterward learned of 

 Major Turle's method of using band-boxes with lines of 

 worsted from side to side for perches. By this means the 

 flies can be easily carried by railroad train and distant 

 waters may be readily stocked. The subject treated in 

 this paper is interesting and practical and deserves the 

 closest attention. 



FISH AND FISHING IN OHIO. 



In our columns will be found a timely and valuable 

 paper by Mr. John E. Gunckel on "Fish and Fishing in 

 Ohio." In this article Mr. Gunckel calls attention to the 

 destructive methods of the commercial fishermen, par- 

 ticularly in the use of small-meshed nets, which kill im- 

 mature and comparatively valueless fish, and in hauling 

 seines over the spawning grounds of certain species. 

 The sturgeon, once so abundant as to pass unnoticed and 

 seldom used, has now become extremely valuable and, 

 in consequence, unusually scarce in Lake Erie. The 

 practice of setting trawl lines on the spawning beds of 

 these fish has nearly exhausted the species. To make 

 matters worse, the spawning grounds are infested by 

 legions of suckers, which consume vast quantities of 

 eggs. Various circumstances combine to interfere with 

 the protection of food and game fishes. Among these 

 are the inadequate compensation of the fish wardens, the 

 obscurity of the laws, and the lack of uniformity as to 

 the legislation of contiguous States. Many of the fisher- 

 men oppose any interference with their vocation, although 

 some of them recognize the wisdom and the necessity of 

 regulation of the fishery and of its promotion by fishcul- 

 tural methods. 



Mr. Gunckel mentions what is conspicuously brought 

 to the attention of every observer of the fisheries, the 

 need of missionary work among the people. The enforce- 

 ment of the laws has become so difficult, owing to the 

 indifference of the people at large, to say nothing of their 

 secret sympathy with law breakers, that the ordinary 

 machinery of State authority has been unable to master 

 the situation, and the belief is rapidly gaining ground 

 that no wild animals can be properly protected until they 

 become the private property of individuals or associations, 

 who will take the steps necessary to protect their rights. 

 We commend this paper of Mr. Gunckel's to the serious 

 consideration of our readers. 



CROAKERS TO THE REAR. 



Crusty old croakers and vinegar-spirited wiseacres 

 solemnly assure us that summer half-holidays are a device 

 of the devil, and that working men and women would be 

 far better off if they stuck to their work six full days in 

 the week all the year around. 



This proposition has just enough truth in it to give it 

 at first blush a tinge of plausibility, for it is not to be 

 gainsaid that multitudes do make a miserable failure of 

 their half -holiday, and would be better inspirit, body and 

 purse if they worked all day Saturday instead of going 

 off into foolish dissipation. 



Nevertheless the fault is not in the holiday, but in the 

 ignorance, or folly based on ignorance, of those who 

 mis-use the holiday. 



What the busy world needs is not fewer holidays, but 

 more sensible ways of spending those it has. 



They who can truly help the working man are not the 

 croakers, who would wall him in the more securely for 

 the good of his soul; but the men and the women of large 

 heart and ready sympathy and thoughtful concern and 

 inventive genius, who will point out the ways and pro- 

 vide the means for a more profitable enjoyment of his 

 play time. 



If in his unwonted freedom from the drudgery and 

 grind of his accustomed round, he mis-spends his oppor- 



tunities and fails to pluck the golden fruit of a summer's 

 day in the open air, the remedy is to be sought not in re- 

 pression, but in instruction, encouragement and enlarge- 

 ment of opportunities. 



The problems— and they are important problems— of 

 rational holidays for the great masses who do the world's 

 work, will never be solved by the croakers. Let these 

 Knights of the Sorrowful Visage go to the rear. The 

 voices the half-holiday world wants to hear are of those 

 cheery souls who will show it how to get the most good 

 out of its play hours. 



SNAP SHOTS. 

 "The Sosqtjehanna., its Past, Present and Future," is 

 the subject of a paper by Mr. A. F. Clapp, which appears 

 in our present issue. The story of the depletion of this 

 river of its shad, herring and striped bass through ob- 

 structions, pollution and injurious fishing is briefly, but 

 forcibly told. The work of restoration by planting bass, 

 pike perch and other valuable fishes is favorably men- 

 tioned, but the writer is alarmed, and with good reason, 

 for the future of that noble stream. Mr. Clapp sent us a 

 letter in June, 1889, about a California salmon which 

 washed ashore at Sunbury, and to this he refers in his 

 article, having overlooked its publication in Forest and 

 Stream, July 4, 1889. 



With each recurring spring and the coming of the song- 

 birds the mails bring multitudinous inquiries respecting 

 the Audubon Society and the mission of bird protection 

 undertaken by it. The organization is no longer in ex- 

 istence; it was disbanded in 1888, after accomplishing a 

 vast amount of work in the field of its endeavor. It can- 

 not be said that the work was completed; it never will be 

 so long as fashion shall decree that woman shall wear 

 bird feathers in her headgear. For after all fashion 

 rules. Common sense, humanity, decency, all these 

 count for nothing; fashion says feathers, and the mil- 

 liner's agents scour the land in quest of bird skins. How- 

 ever enormous may be the destruction by other human 

 agencies, this killing for woman's wear exceeds them 

 all. An ornithologist of world-wide note tells us that 

 the number of birds of plume killed by a single millinery 

 collector in the course of one winter trip to Florida ex- 

 ceeded by 10,000 the total number of bird specimens in 

 the two largest museums in this country. In fact the 

 killing by naturalists — real and imitative — is in the esti- 

 mation of this competent judge, exceeded even by the 

 small boy with his humble sling-shot engine of warfare. 



The penalties prescribed for having game birds in pos- 

 session is $25 per bird. This makes the fine accruing 

 from the game seized by Protector Brown in this city 

 last week aggregate $27,000. With such a prod it is to be 

 expected that the , interested parties should be stimu- 

 lated to fight the law, and we are not surprised to find in 

 the Times a statement that the case will be defended by 

 the Game Dealers' Association. This organization is 

 reported to be levying on the steamship lines, express 

 companies, caterers and other interested classes a fund 

 of $10,000 to carry the case up to the United States Su- 

 preme Court. Such a test should be welcomed. The law, 

 we believe, will stand it. 



The meeting of the American Fisheries Society, held in 

 this city last week, was pronounced by the older mem- 

 bers present to be the best in all the twenty-one years of 

 its history. The complexion of the attendance and the 

 character of the papers and discussions demonstrated the 

 intelligent and substantial interest now felt in this im- 

 portant branch of public economics. Several of these 

 papers we print to-day. Others will follow. 



It happened last week that at the very hour when the 

 New York Association for the Protection of Game was 

 seated at its banquet to the American Fisheries Society, 

 one of the State game protectors, accompanied by a 

 member of the Forest and Stream's staff, was raiding 

 a New York cold-storage warehouse packed with illicit 

 game. 



Adirondack fishermen are to have more black bass in 

 the future. The Fish Commissioners have determined to 

 supply bass for stocking waters in the North Woods now 

 inhabited by pickerel. An order for 9,000 adult fish has 

 been sent to Ohio, 1,000 of which will go to the Adiron- 

 dack Preserve. 



