Forest and Stream 



A Weekly Journal of the Rod and Gun. 



Terms, 84 A Ybab. 10 Ots. A Copy. 1 

 Six Months, $3. ) 



NEW YORK, AUGUST 13, 1891. 



j VOL. XXXVII.— No. i. 



I No. 318 Broadway, New ^^obk. 



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CONTENTS. 



Editorial. 



Monkey Talk. 



Snap Shots. 

 The Spohtsman Tourist. 



Troutl g in Wps< Virsjinia. 



Alone t>ip Nortli Shore and to 

 I le Royal.— II. 

 Natural HisroBT. 



Leaves from a Note Book. 



A Day in Yucatan. 



"Playing P' ssum." 

 Game Bag and Gun. 



Ntw York State Association. 



Iowa Duck Sliooting Grounds. 



Still-Hunting with Bird Dogs. 



Ciiioago apd theM^-8t. 

 Sea anu RivEit Fishing. 



A FishPrmaD's Sons. 



Forest and Stream Nursery 

 Rb^me.s. 



The Bovs Aflsbing. 



Illinois River Fishing. 



Strippd Bass in a Mill Pond. 



Cape Cod Notes. 



Black Bass at Reed's Bay. 



Rocky Mountsin Grayling. 



Rainbow Trout of 'he McCloud 



A Camp on the L'cking. 



Boston Men in Maine. 



Minnesota Bass. 



A Monster Sunflsh. 



Anglers of the St Lawrence. 



A Queer JUecision. 



Sea and River Fishing. 

 Ans-ling Notes. 



FiSHCULTURE. 



Fisn Hal 01] ery for Vermont. 

 The Kennel. 

 A woman's Experiences. 

 MHStiff Judging at New York. 

 White Wings. 



Greyhound and Greyhound 



Judging. 

 A Doff's Devotion. 

 Dog Chat. 

 Ktnael Notes. 



Answers to Correspondents. 

 RiELB and Trap shootiwu. 



Range and Gallery, 



Rust Prevention. 



English Revolver News. 



The Trap. 



Clear Lake, Iowa 



Delphi Gun Club. 



Western Traps. 



A Trap Shoot in Alaska, 



Trap at Hollvwood, 



Shoo'ing by Electric Light. 

 Yachting. 



New York Y. C. Cruise, 1891. 



Light Monevfor Yachts. 



A Tnx- do Foul. 

 Canoeing. 



Amend ments to A. C. A. Rules 



A. C. A. Meet. 

 Answers to Correspondents. 



Adirondack Number. 



/^\UR "Adirondack Number" of June 18 was a pro- 

 ^-"^ nounced success. As we then said, the material 

 provided was more generous than we could make room 

 for, and several papers were left over for a second num- 

 ber devoted to the same subject. This will be our issue 

 of Aug. 27; and among the contents will be the follow- 

 ing, the first two having been announced for the former 

 number: 



The North Woods in the Fifties. 



A visit to the Adirondacks thirty-three years ago. By 

 J. H. D. 



Two Weeks at Spruce Lake. 



The experiences of four yotmg fellows under tutelage 

 of a guide. 



The Upper Adirondacks in '56. 



By "Byron." 



The Wane of the Adirondacks. 



By Charles Hallock. 



The Cranberry Lake Country. 

 By D. H. B, 



Circumnavigating the Adirondacks. 



By " Piseco." 



MONKEY TALK. 



npHE several species of lower animals have commonly 

 been credited with a language of their own; and now 

 Prof. R. L. Garner has not only established in a scientific 

 manner that monkeys talk to one another, but has 

 actually acquired a smattering of the simian tongue. 

 After years of assiduous study of monkeys at the zoolog- 

 ical collections of New York, Philadelphia, Cincinnati 

 and Chicago, Prof, Garner at length hit upon the device 

 of employing the phonograph to record the sounds made 

 by one monkey in communication with another. A pair 

 of monkeys, which had been kept in one cage, were 

 separated and placed in different rooms, A phonograph 

 was placed near the female, and her "talk" duly recorded 

 on the cylinder. The phonograph was then taken into 

 the room with the male, and made to repeat the sounds 

 which he manifestly recognized as made by his mate. 

 His "talk" was then recorded, and being reported by the 

 instrument, was duly recognized by the female. Thus, 

 as Prof. Garner points out in the New Review, where he 

 reports these experiments, "for the first time in the his- 

 tory of philology, the simian tongue was reduced to 

 record." 



From this first step progress was rapid. Otber phono- 

 graphic records were made, and by studying these 

 sounds, repeating them over and over, and finally mas- 

 tering them, Prof. Garner was prepared for addressing a 

 monkey in the monkey's own language. Taking his 

 place near the cage of a capuchin monkey, the professor 

 uttered the word which he had translated "milk." At 

 the first utterance he caught the monkey's attention; and 

 the word being repeated again and again, the monkey 

 spoke it in answer and turned to the pan kept in the 

 cage for him to drink from and finally brought the pan 

 close up to the bars, repeating the word. Prof, Garner 

 rewarded him with some milk, and the performance was 

 repeated until the monkey had had his fill of milk and 

 until the experimenter was satisfied that the same word 

 was used every time. Subsequent investigation showed 

 that this word, first interpreted "milk," was likewise 

 used for "water" and really meant "drink" or "thirst." 



By a like course of linguistic tests, the words for 

 "hunger" or "to eat" and "weather" or "storm" were 

 learned, and a fourth word which is a "menace" or "cry 

 of alarm." The Professor has made the acq'uaintance of 

 many capuchins, and has found no one of them that does 

 not use the two words for food and drink. From the ex- 

 periments so far conducted it appears to have been deter- 

 mined that the simian tongue has about eight or more 

 sounds, which may be changed by modulation into three 

 or four times that number; they seem to be half-way be- 

 tween a whistle and a pure vocal sound; the sound used 

 most is like "u," or "oo" in "shoot;" the next like "e" in 

 "be." The investigator concludes: 



"Faint traces of consonant sounds can be found in 

 words of low pitch, but they are few and quite feeble. 

 The present state of their speech has been reached by de- 

 velopment from a lower form. Each race has its own 

 peculiar tongue, slightly shaded into dialects, and the 

 radical or cardinal sounds do not have the same mean- 

 ings in all tongues. The words are monosyllabic, am- 

 biguous, and collective, having no negative terms except 

 resentment. The phonic character of their speech is very 

 much the same as that of children in their early efforts 

 to talk, except as regards the pitch. Their language 

 seems to obey the same laws of change and growth as 

 human speech. When caged together one monkey will 

 learn to understand the language of another kind, but 

 does not try to speak it. His replies are in his own 

 vernacular. They use their lips in talking in very much 

 the same way that men do. I think their speech, com- 

 j)ared to their physical, mental, and social state, is in 

 about the same relative condition as that of man by the 

 same standard. The more fixed and pronounced the social 

 and gregarious instincts are in any species, the higher the 

 type of its speech. Simians reason from cause to effect, 

 and their reasoning differs from that of man in degree, 

 but riot in kind. To reason, they must think, and if it be 

 true that man cannot think without words, it must be 

 true of monkeys: hence, they must formulate those 

 thoughts into words. Words are the audible, and signs 

 the visible, expression of thought, and any voluntary 

 sound made by the vocal organs with a constant meaning 

 is a word. The state of their language seems to corre- 

 spond with their power to think and to express their 

 thoughts." 



With the attainments so far made. Prof. Garner is con- 

 fident that he has discovered a clue to the great secret qf 

 animal speech, and has pointed out the way to its so- 

 lution. 



SNAP SHOTS. 

 TT IS reported that two bird butchers have been camp- 

 ing on "Bird Island," a projection of Anastasia 

 Island, opposite St. Augustine, Florida, and system- 

 atically slaughtering the sea birds, Florida has for years 

 been cursed with these milHnery plume collectors ; and 

 the hopeless feature of it all is that they have carried on 

 their work of extermination within the law, for Florida 

 has seen fit only to forbid the killing of birds of plume by 

 non-residents of the United States. Why a bird butcher 

 who hails from Long Island is a whit more to be toler- 

 ated than another one from Cuba is beyond comprehen- 

 sion. The Long Islander is of the two apt to be the more 

 energetic and to kill more birds. We trust that the 

 newly enacted game law of Florida is an improvement 

 in this respect; and if it provides any punishment for the 

 campers on "Bird Island," the citizens of St. Augustine 

 should see to it that their work is stopped. Bird life on 

 the bay and seashore is one of the attractions of that 

 charming winter resort, and shoidd be protected. 



Railroads and wagon roads give easy and quick access 

 to old-time fishing waters, where in years gone by it was 

 necessary to pack in over an ill-defined and arduous trail, 

 or perhaps no trail at all. And reaching the journey's 

 end, one finds comfortable hotel accommodations, where 

 formerly not a board had been sawed nor a shingle split. 

 But with all the improvement and progress there is 

 wanting the solid fun of the old excursions; no railroad 

 car, however luxurious, can quite compensate for the 

 charm of the wilderness tramp; and no hotel, however 

 well conducted, can furnish forth the comfort of the 

 lean-to with the camp fire. This is an age of improve- 

 ment and progress and development, and the charm and 

 delight of one woodland resort after another are being 

 improved and developed into oblivion. The sportsman, 

 tourist naturally resents the building of a summer 

 caravansery on the shore where season after season he 

 has gunned for shore birds, or the building of a steamboat 

 on a wilderness lake he has fondly called his own; but his 

 resentment is as unavailing as that of the Arran Islanders 

 who lament the multiplication of light-houses and the 

 substitution of iron for wood in shipbuilding because 

 the two agencies diminish the supply of wreckage on 

 which they and their fathers before them have in part . 

 subsisted. 



If Dr. Dawson, one of the Commissioners sent out by 

 Great Britain to investigate the Alaskan seal fisheries 

 had actually declared, as he is reported to have declared' 

 to a deputation of Canadian sealers, that "there is no dan- 

 ger of fur-sealing being ended, because the seal is an 

 animal which cannot possibly be exterminated," the re- 

 mark would have shown the Commissioner to be an 

 ignorant and foolish person. But we prefer to believe 

 that he was not correctly reported by the newspapers, 

 for such an assertion would be simply grotesque from 

 such a source. 



A man, a cow and a gun, in a Connecticut pasture. 

 The man intent on woodchucks. The cow quietly chew- 

 ing her cud. The gun "lying low," both hammers cocked, 

 in the grass. That was aa apparently innocent and 

 harmless combination; but it came near proving the 

 death of the man. The cow, prompted, no doubt, by 

 bovine curiosity, approached the gun. The man took a 

 stick to the cow. The gun, stepped on by the cow, dis- 

 charged its load into the man's right leg, which the sur- 

 geons afterward amputated. 



The death of Truman Harrington, of Camden, N, Y., 

 removes one of the best-known guides and woodsman of 

 the Adirondack region, who died last week, aged 71, He 

 was born at Boonville, on the western borders of the 

 Avilderness, and was noted as an enthusiastic and skilful 

 woodsman from early youth. Of late years he had been 

 chief forester for the Bisby Club at their camp on Bisby 

 Lake. 



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