Forest and Stream 



A Weekly Journal of the Rod and Gun, 



Terms, $4 a Ybab. 10 Cts. a Copy. 1 

 Six Months, $2. f 



NEW YORK, SEPTEMBER 24, 1891. 



( VOL. XXXVII.-No. 10. 



I No. 318 Broadway, New York. 



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Forest and Stream PnbUBhing; Co» 

 No, 318 Broadway. New York City, 



Editorial. 



Labrador Exploration. 



Song Birds tor California. 



The Centerboard in Interna- 

 tional Racing. 



Snap Shots. 

 The Sportsjiak Tourist. 



Boston Sportsmeu. 



MuTison's Falls. 



Stories of the Santa Lucias. 

 NATtTRAt, History. 



Late Birds' Nests. 



Pennsylvania Bird Notes. 



Carolina Paroquet in Florida, 



Rearing Game Birds. 

 Game Bag and Gun. 



Notes from itie Game Fields. 



On Little Pete's Point. 



The Yellowstone Park. 



Hints for Woofis Life. 



Still-Hunting Deer With Bird 

 Dogs. 



Canada Moose. 

 Sea anjj River Fishing. 



Alewives as ligg Destroyer.", 



Perch vs. Trout. 



Angling Notes. 



Tamagamamingue Lake Trout 

 Blticli Bass in HemlocliL ike. 

 Where Bass Abound. 

 Fishing With Trained Cormo- 

 rants. -I. 



CONTENTS. 



The Kennel. 

 The American Kennel Club. 

 Wilmington Dog Show. 

 Toronto Dog Show. 

 The Irish Setter. 

 Irish Setter Trials. 

 Alberta (Can.) Field Trials. 

 Montreal Dog Show. 

 Dog Chat. 

 Kennel Notes. 



Answers to Correspondents. 

 Rifle and Trap shooting. 

 Range and Gallerv. 

 Revolver Shooting in England 

 The Trap. 



Michigan State Tournament. 

 Dajton Second Annual. 

 Tne inter-State League. 

 Dexter Park Tournament. 

 Yachting. 

 Centerboards as Shifting Bal- 

 last. 



New Haven Y. C, Regatta. 

 The Clyde Centerboard Dora. 

 Canoeing. 

 Aluminam Canoes. 

 Roctiester C. C. Fall Regatta. 

 Big Pine Creek and its Rapids 

 A Special Canoe Race. 

 Value of Design in Canoe Rac- 

 ing. 



Answers to Correspondents, 



CENTERBOARDS IN INTERNATIONAL RACING. 



IN nearly all the international races between A.merican 

 and British yachts the centerboard has played a 

 most important and clearly defined part. It has not 

 only been the chief weapon of the contestants, on one 

 side, such victories as they have gained being due largely 

 to its aid; but it has been used solely by this side, being 

 opposed with equal obstinacy by the keel in the hands of 

 the other party. Up to the beginning of the present 

 season the results were plain and unmistakable; in the 

 larger class of yacht, where absolute draft of water was 

 so impracticable as to make necessary a comparatively 

 shoal hull, the centerboard has thus far proved the con- 

 trolling factor. In all smaller classes, probably from 

 70ft, l.w.l. downward, the superiority of the keel type 

 has been made manifest in the gradual abandonment of 

 the centerboard, the condition being changed from one in 

 which the whole fleet was composed of centerboard craft, 

 as in 1878, to that in 1890, in which the centerboards had 

 practically abandoned the racing courses in all classes 

 wheregood keel boats were found, such as the 30ft., 40ft. 

 and 53ft. 



Starting with all the odds in its favor, the centerboard 

 had year by year lost ground, and even in the most 

 modern racing craft, such as Shark, Hawk, Ventura and 

 Gorilla, had failed to make a fair showing against the 

 keels. 



Taking the results of years of racing on both sides, 

 there was little to justify the adoption of the centerboard 

 in a racing yacht of 13ft. draft or less, equivalent to 70ft. 

 l.w.l., and the news that Sir. Watson had decided to 

 place a centerboard in a racing boat, and, moreover, in 

 one which was intended from the first to top the lO-rat- 

 ing class on the Clyde, came as a surprise on both sides 

 of the Atlantic. Considering the keel boats in the class, 

 Yvonne, Encore and the rest, and the responsibility of 



maintaining the prestige won in the old Doris, the experi- 

 ment was a daring one. At the same time two smaller 

 centerboards were built for the 2*-rating class, to meet 

 half a dozen crack keel craft. While all three were in a 

 measure allied to the compromise type, so common of 

 late in America, they differed in one marked respect, the 

 centerboards being of metal, instead of wood, and very 

 heavy. 



Until quite late in the winter it seemed that Americans 

 had done with the board so far as racing is concerned, all 

 of the new 46- footers being keels, but at the last moment 

 Mr. Burgess and that good friend of the centerboard. Dr. 

 Bryant, took hold in earnest and turned out one represen- 

 tative, a wide compromise of the general type of the 30- 

 footers Shark and Hawk. 



The results of these two experiments are now known, 

 the season being over. On the Clyde the performance of 

 Dora against the keel tens has been a succession of victo- 

 ries, backed up by similar work on the part of the 3i-rat- 

 ers Elfin and Ownsay. At this distance, and with incom- 

 plete data, it is impossible to gauge exactly the extent of 

 the victory or its probable results, but it is certain that 

 the centerboard type has made a far better showing 

 against the keels this year on the Clyde than it has ever 

 done in America. 



On this side the result is less conclusive, but there is 

 no ground for doubt that Beatrix, the Burgess center- 

 board, is inferior to Gloriana, in fact the question of 

 second and third place is open between Beatrix and her 

 keel sister Oweene. Beatrix is certainly a very fast boat, 

 probably the best centerboard that has raced in the classes 

 below the 70ft., but at the same time her performances 

 are overlooked beside those of Grloriana, and the keel is 

 undoubtedly still ahead in America. 



The prospects of a renewal of international racing are 

 very poor, save in the direction of Constellation, the big 

 schooner, but should a challenge pass from either side, 

 the positions would present a curious contrast. On the 

 part of America, the triumph of G-loriana against such a 

 field as the new 46ft. class, the highest achievement of a 

 decade of hard racing and rapid evolution, would natur- 

 ally suggest the propriety of adhering to the same type 

 in any class under 80 to 90ft. 



On the other side, where the effect of Volunteer's cen- 

 terboard as opposed to Thistle's keel has if anything been 

 overrated, and with the newly acquired evidence offered 

 by Dora as opposed to Yvonne and the other keels, there 

 exists every inducement to try the experiment of a heavy 

 centerboard in a larger craft. A keel cutter from Bris- 

 tol, R. I. , opposed to a centerboard cutter from the Clyde 

 would make a race that would give to yachting the stim- 

 ulus so much needed just now, and would shed new 

 light on questions which are apparently still wide of a 

 final settlement. 



SONG BIRDS FOR CALIFORNIA. 



THE people of California are engaged in an enterprise 

 to introduce foreign song birds. The first to pro- 

 pose the scheme was Mr. Horace F. Cutter, who urged it 

 in the San Francisco Bulletin: then Mr. F. R. Webster, 

 president of the Country Club, took it up; and county 

 movements have followed in Santa Cruz, Napa, Sonoma, 

 San Mateo and Sacramento counties. The birds, which 

 it is proposed to import, will come for the most part from 

 Germany, and wUl comprise thrushes, bullfinches, gold- 

 finches, nightingales and sky larks. To these will be 

 added red-breasted robins, with mockingbirds from Lou- 

 isiana. Santa Cruz county has raised funds for 100 pairs 

 of the European species named, and the Country Club 

 will bring out 200 pairs. 



Naturally in a fruit-growing country there will be a 

 certain degree of prejudice against the new comers be- 

 cause they will destroy some fruit; but intelligent study 

 of their good work as insect destroyers will certainly 

 overcome any possible feeling against them. It is re- 

 ported that a fruit grower in southern California, who 

 introduced a colony of titmice into his orchard, has 

 determined that while the birds destroyed 10 t^bt cent, 

 of his fruit, they have proved so efficient in warfare on 

 the insect hordes that the trees are decidedly healthier 

 and the fruit crop one-third larger than it would have 

 been without the birds. 



This song bird colonization enterprise of the people on 

 the Pacific Coast will be watched with decided interest; 

 and the Forest and Stream hopes in future years to 

 chronicle its full Buccess. 



LABRADOR EXPLORATION 

 T^HE Bowdoin College expedition to Labrador, an- 

 nounced in our columns April 30th, has returned 

 with collections and information of very great value. 

 The objects of the leader. Prof. Leslie A. Lee, were the 

 collection of natural history specimens, the study of the 

 native tribes between Hamilton Inlet and Cape Chudleigh, 

 and the determination of the existence and character of 

 the wonderful Grand Falls of southern Labrador. The 

 zoological collections include numerous shells showing the 

 close relationship of the present molluscan fauna to that 

 of Maine and Nova Scotia, a large series of birds, many 

 plants hitherto not recorded from the region, and twice 

 as many species of fishes as were linowm from previous 

 explorations. A small collection of valuable minerals 

 was also secured. Remains of an Esquimaux village were 

 found on Grand River containing sleeping-shelves on the 

 sides of the wooden walls and with floors made of large 

 t stones. Various implements and utensils of bone> 

 iron and stone were discovered here, among them knives, 

 spears, sled-runners and lamps. Skin clothing and ivoty 

 ornaments were obtained. A race of Montagnais Indians, 

 hitherto unknown to white men, was met and critically 

 studied by Prof. Lee, who made full measurements of 

 theee interesting people and notes upon their character- 

 istics. 



The falls of Grand River have a vertical descent of 

 200ft. and are continued by rapids to the extent of 500ft., 

 making one of the grandest gorges of North America. 

 Another expedition to this wonderland was led by Mr. 

 Bryant, of Philadelphia, and as the region is accessible 

 and will undoubtedly be fully described we may be sure 

 that its charms will soon be known to the tourist. The 

 proximity to superb trout and salmon streams will add 

 to the attractions of the country. 



SNAP SHOTS. 



CERTAIN American fishermen who have been trouting 

 in Nova Scotia this year, have killed such moose as 

 came in their way, and having no special use for the 

 carcasses have left them to rot on the shore. This has so 

 far promoted the good will of the residents of that Prov- 

 ince toward sportsman visitors from the United States 

 that they are doing what they can to lighten the lot of 

 the Americans by relieving them of their superfluous 

 cash. In addition to the non-resident license fee of 

 |10 for permission to kill feathered game and $30 to 

 kill moose and caribou, the sportsman is now com- 

 pelled to hand over an impost tax of 30 per 

 cent, on the value of his shotgun and rifle. The 

 lawful numbers one person may kill are two moose 

 and four caribou. Exportation of a carcass or any 

 portion of a deer or caribou is forbidden. There are 

 reported to be many moose in Nova Scotia this season. 

 Last week we printed a list of the officers authorized to 

 issue game licenses. If there are any Americans who 

 hold that the Nova Scotia non-resident restrictions are 

 too lax, some more slaughter of moose in the summer time 

 will no doubt prompt a speedy remedy. 



The introduction of English pheasants on Jekyl's Island 

 has provided a supply of choice food for the chicken 

 snakes which have thrived and multiplied apace. The 

 pheasants have demonstrated their adaptability to the 

 climate and cover, but how to keep down the swarming 

 hosts of vermin is now the problem perplexing the man- 

 agers. 



We begin to-day the publication of a novel series of 

 papers on cormorant fishing. They will be found ex- 

 ceedingly interesting, for one thing, as showing what it 

 is possible to accomplish in taming and training these 

 wild feathered creatures. 



Beaver hats are to be the fashion. Beaver skins will be 

 in demand. Beaver trapping will be stimulated. Beaver 

 colonies will be destroyed. The whims of modistes in 

 Europe influence animal life in the wilds of America. 



Admirers of Mr. Rowland E. Robinson's sketches of 

 the Danvis folk will be glad to know that some of Uncle 

 Lisha's friends are to appear in the forthcoming number 

 of the Atlantic. Monthly. 



The Commissioners sent out by the Government to in- 

 vestigate the seal fisher ieslhave returned to Washington, 

 but no report has yet been made, public. 



