164 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
seen by the roadside and in fields. The amount of Walnuts 
produced in 1887 was officially stated to be 74,000 cwts. The 
following are the best varieties : — 
The Coque tendre (thin- shelled) variety ; it is rather too early, 
but produces excellent oil. 
Lottarel, or Nogarel ; good, and widely grown. 
The Montignac ; round fruit, half-tender shell, good. 
The Anguleuse, or d Coque dure (hard-shelled) ; a good oil 
nut. 
Tardive, de la Saint- Jean ; second quality, late variety. 
Couturee, Couturas, or Fointue ; good fruit, somewhat elon- 
gated. Good wood for cabinet work. 
A good bearing tree will produce 80 kilos, of Walnuts. A 
hectolitre of the ordinary nuts weighs from 35 to 36 kilos., or 
of picked ones 88 to 40 kilos. At the oil factories they make 
about 18 kilos, of oil from 100 kilos, of nuts. There are 
trees in the Excideuil canton which produce 70 francs' worth 
of nuts, that is to say from 4 to 5 hectolitres. The Thonon 
canton, in proportion to its size, has the largest number of 
Walnut trees in the central mountainous region. 
Three oil factories at Poitiers have an annual production 
of G,000 hectolitres of Walnut oil. The Lot department 
produces 150,000 cwt. of Walnuts from 3,000 hectares of 
alluvial and calcareous soil, and has at least 100 oil-making 
machines. The gigantic trees near the station at Garnat 
have produced as much as 12 cwt. of Walnuts. Five thousand 
hectares of Walnuts are cultivated in the Loire department 
on land having an altitude of 700 metres above the sea 
level. Walnuts are grown in the limestone soil of Limagne 
and in the porphyrons " soil of the forests. The inhabitants 
of Puy-de-D6mc consume the nuts themselves, or extract the 
oil and sell the wood to the cabinet-makers, gun-makers, and 
wooden-shoo makers. 
The Ard6cho department docs a trade in Walnuts with 
Chomcrac and Rochcmaurc, the price realised being from 80 to 
40 francs per 50 kilos. The commercial value is, however, 
lower in the Uoyancz and Dioia (Drome) districts. Walnuts 
in their natural state are there worth 12 francs per hectolitre ; 
but when the nut has been taken out of the shell for the oil 
