MANURES AND THEIR USES. 
223 
He was of opinion that many of the gases generated in the soil 
by farmyard manm-es were more or less injurious to the 
development of the roots, and rendered them peculiarly liable to 
the attacks of fungoid diseases. He was not particular as to the 
kind of artificial manures he employed, as he found them all 
useful. 
Mr. Geo. Bunyard endorsed Mr. Ward's remarks as to the 
value of artificial manures, especially when used in the culture 
of Potatos. Tubers of a moderate size were wanted, and 
artificial manures were more valuable towards this end than 
farmyard manure, which had a tendency to make the tubers 
large and coarse. He mentioned "rape-dust" as a valuable 
manure, which he had used with the best results for many years. 
This manure was the refuse of rapeseed after the colza oil had 
been expressed, and in Kent it was extensively used for dressing 
the hop gardens, after the land had been manured with farm- 
yard manure. The rape-dust itself is rather a greasy manure, 
but, mixed with salt in about equal proportions, it loses that 
character. Since its use as a manure disease has been singularly 
conspicuous by its absence. Kape-dust is a splendid manure for 
Asparagus, and it should be applied to the soil just before the 
plants begin to sprout. 
The refuse of the tanyards was, in days gone by, a very 
valuable manure. If it can be obtained, and have a little liquid 
manure added, tan is excellent for mulching purposes. 
