VII. The Flora of the Kurile Islands. 



By K. Miyabe. 

 Introduction. 



General Remarks. 



So far as I am aware, no special work devoted to the flora of the Kurile Islands has ever been pub- 

 lished. The glimpses we could get of its character have chiefly been from the scattered writings 

 of Russian botanists. In his " Flora Rossica," Ledebour attributes about forty species to these 

 islands. Before his time, Pallas, 1 Georgi, 2 Turczaninow, 3 Chamisso and Schlechtendal, 4 De Can- 

 dolle 5 and Rnprecht, 6 referred occasionally in their writings to the Kurile plants. Most of these 

 plants, however, were included by Ledebour in his "Flora." 



Since the appearance of that important work, many additions have been made to our knowledge 

 of the Kurile vegetation by Regel, 7 Maximowicz, 8 Herder, 9 Fr. Schmidt, 10 Siebold, 11 Boott, 12 and 

 others. 13 The total number of plants of these islands known to me from the writings of these authors 

 is 104 species. 



The materials on which most of these references were based had been collected by the Russian 

 naturalists and naval officers in the northern Kuriles, as far south as Urup, and are now incorporated 

 chiefly in the herbaria of St. Petersburg. Prof. Maximowicz, who has noted every Kurile plant he 

 has come across in these herbaria since 1868, most generously placed his valuable list in my hands 



Dallas, P. S. ; Neue Nordische Beitriige, Vol. iv, pp. 112- 



141. St. Petersburg & Leipzig, 1783. Flora Rossica, 



Tom. i, pars 1, 2. Peteropoli, 1784-1788. Species As- 



tragalorum. Lipsise, 1800. 



2 Georgi, J. T. ; Geographisch-physikalische und naturh. 

 Beschreibung des Russ. Reiches. 3ten Theils 4terBand, 



pp. 609-1072. Konigsberg, 1800. Nachtnige fur dessen 



Geog., etc., 1802. 



3 Turczaninow, N. ; Description de deux nouveaux 



genres de la familie des Geutianees. Observations sur 



quelques genres et esp6ces de la familie de Borraginees. 



Decades quatuor plantarum hucusque non descripta- 



rum, Sibiriae maxime orientalis, etc. (Bulletin de laSoc. 

 des Natur. de Mosc, 1840.) 



4 Chamisso, Ad de, and Schlechtendal, D. d. ; Deplantis 

 in expeditione speculatoria Romanzoffiana observatis. (In 

 Linnaja, in (1828), p. 38, vi (1831), p. 574, on the plants 

 in Herb. Willd.) 



5 In the "Systema" and "Prodromus," based mostly on 

 the specimens in Herb. Fisch. 



"Ruprecht, F. J. ; Distributio Cryptogamaruni Vascula- 

 ri u in in Imperio Rossico (Beitriige zur Pflanzenkunde des 

 Russ. Reiches. Dritte Lief. St. Petersburg, 1845). 



7 Regel, E. ; Uebersicht der Arteu der Gattung Thalic- 

 trum, welche im russischen Reiche und der Angriinzen den 

 Liiudern wachsen. Moskau, 1861. Regel & Tiling, II.; 



Florula Ajanensis. Mosquae, 1859. Regel; Plantae 



Raddeanae, Vol. i, 1861-2. 



'Maximowicz, C. J.; Primitiae Florae Amurensis. St. 



Petersb., 1859. Diagnoses plantarum novarum Ja- 



poneae et Mandshuriae (Melanges biologiques tires du 

 Bull, de l'Acad. imp. des Sciences de St. Petersboui'g, Tom. 



vni, ix, 1872-1876). Diagnoses plantarum novarum 



Asiaticarum (Mel. biol., ix-xn, 1876-1888). Rhodo- 



dendreae Asiae Orientalis (Mem. de l'Acad. imp. St. 



Petersb., 7e ser., t. xvi, n. 9) 1870. Adnotationes de 



Spiraeaceis (Acta H. Petrop. Tom. vi) 1879. 



"Herder, F. von ; Plantae Raddeanae, Vol. in, iv, 1864- 

 1887. 



'"Schmidt, Fr. ; Flora Sachalinensis, in Reisen im Amur- 

 laude und auf der Insel Sachalin (Mem. Acad. imp. St. 

 Petersb., 7e Ser., t. xii, n. 2) 1868. 



"Siebold et Zuccarini; Flora Japonica. Lugd. Bot. 

 1835-1870. 



,2 Boott, F. ; Illustrations of the Genus Carex. 4 vols. 

 1858-1867. 



"Many references to the Kurile plants are found in some 

 of the recent monographs, as Haussknecht on Epilobium, 

 Elvves on Lilium, Bunge on Oxytropis, Masters on Japan- 

 ese Conifers, etc. In Turczaninow's Flora Baicalensis- 

 Dahurica, about half a dozen references occur. 



(203) 



