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JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



nicely branched and of an elegantly crooked trunk should be selected. 

 And it is planted in relation to the cascade, stone-basin, and the tree 

 No. 1 (Shoshin-boku). Thus, if a Pine is used for Shoshin-boku, a leafy 

 tree must be used for Keiyo-boku ; and if the former is a leafy tree, the 

 latter should be a Pine tree. 



Sekizen-boku, No. 3, is a big shady tree, and is used to give shade in 

 the garden. And as the whole aspect seems lonely and silent by the 

 shade of this tree it is called Sekizen-boku (a tree in the silent quarter). 

 Behind this some other trees are closely set on both sides, but this is the 

 first tree in the thicket by which the other trees are planted. 



The tree No. 4 is called Taki-gakoi simply because it stands by the 

 cascade, as in the illustration. 



Sekiyo-boku is a tree that stands in the spot No. 5. Here a flowering 

 tree such as a Plum or Cherry, or a tree that changes its colour in autumn, 

 will be planted. For the name Sekiyo represents the brilliant tint of the 

 evening sky, and so this tree has to vie in its glory with the luminous 

 cloud. Or as this tree is planted apart by itself on the western side of 

 the garden, as in the illustration, it is called Sekiyo-boku (a tree that 

 stands towards the evening sun). So if a green tree is used in this place 

 a flowering tree or a tree of crimsoning leaves must be added to it. 



Mikoshino-matsu, No. 6 (a Pine tree that is looked over), is planted 

 further behind the hills ; and so, if the area of the garden is not wide 

 enough, the tree is planted even outside the fence, but so as to stand up 

 over the fence or wall. If a Pine tree is not used some other tree of a 

 different kind from Shoshin-boku or Seikizen-boku is used instead. 



Nagashi-matsu, Nageshi-matsu, or Enko-matsu, No. 7, whichever we 

 call it, is a dwarf Pine tree only one or two feet in height, but with the 

 branches stretching horizontally over the ground. If a Pine is not used 

 another tree of widely stretching boughs is used, always near the water 

 and projecting over the pond. Nagashi means " flowing branches " and 

 Nageshi " throwing," and the name Enko, meaning "a monkey," came 

 from the long arms of an ape. 



Besides these there are other small trees closely planted by the stones, 

 as in the illustration. They have rounded shapes produced by pruning. 

 Such trees are used for decoration when the stones do not seem nice by 

 themselves. 



The first hill, No. 1, is a big hill in the front part of the garden. So, if 

 the artificial hills are to be constructed, the position of this hill should be 

 settled at first. Then the other hills, dales, streams, and cascade are 

 arranged in order. Here the stones Shugoseki, No. 1, and Teido-seki, No. 6, 

 are set to command the whole system of the garden, or if it is necessary 

 an open summer-house with paths leading to it is built. The hill does 

 not represent a secluded mountain, but a large and extensive one with 

 long slopes. 



The second hill, No. 2, does not stand side by side to the first hill, but 

 extending in continuation from the one behind it ; the cascade falls down 

 between this and the first hill. 



The third hill, No. 3, is rather a tableland, and if a shrine or a village 

 scene with a thatched hut is required it will be placed between this and 

 the first hill. And under the shade or shelter of Sekiyo-boku, a tree- 



