FUNGOID PESTS OF FOREST TREES 



375 



elliptical (14-16 x 8-9 /*), very slimy and unpleasant to the touch, but 

 very delicate eating when cooked. 



Found throughout Europe and North America. 



All wounds and cut branches should be protected by applying a coating 

 of tar. Infection only by means of the spores, hence all the Agarics 

 should be collected and eaten or destroyed. 



Sacc. Syll. vi. 310 ; Cooke, Hdbk. No. 37 ; Cooke, Illus. t. 16 ; Mass. 

 PI. Dis. 204. 



Hydnum diversidens (Fr.) is apparently a wound parasite, which has 

 occurred on Beech in Epping Forest ; it is an interesting species, but so 

 rare as to be a curiosity. 



Sacc. Syll. 6697. 



Hornbeam Anthracnose. 

 Gloeosporium carpini (Desm.), PI. XX. fig. 23. 



The anthracnose on living and fading leaves of Hornbeam as developed 

 on the under surface on olive-brown, irregular, and indefinite spots. The 

 pustules are very minute, pale brown, and scarcely conspicuous. The 

 conidia are cylindrical and curved or sickle-shaped (10-15 x^ /*), and 

 very narrow and thread-like, oozing from the orifice in whitish tendrils. 



Known also in France, Germany, Italy, and Austria. 



Sacc. Syll. iii. 3722 ; Grevillea, xiv. p. 124, No. 619 ; Sacc. F. Ital. 

 fig. 1021. 



Another species (Gloeosporium Bobergei) is known on the Continent, 

 on leaves of the Hornbeam, but not recorded for Britain. This tree is 

 much favoured in immunity from fungus parasites. 



Hornbeam-Leaf Blotch. 

 Gnomoniella fimbriata (Anc), PI. XX. fig. 24. 



It is not unusual to see living leaves of Hornbeam disfigured by pro- 

 minent black convex blotches, which are themselves tuberculate with 

 elevated warts, each of which indicates and covers an immersed cell or 

 receptacle, and terminates in a spine-like neck, which is surrounded at 

 the base by a white collar or fringe. These receptacles contain the 

 fructification, which consists of oblong sacs or asci, each enclosing eight 

 ellipsoid sporidia (10-11 x5^<), which, when mature, escape through the 

 elongated neck of the receptacle. 



It is believed that earlier in the season the conidia are developed 

 under the form of an anthracnose, formerly considered a distinct species, 

 and known as Gloeosporium carpini, which has cylindrical curved conidia 

 (10-15 x 1 p), expelled when mature in whitish tendrils. 



This blotch is known throughout Europe and in North America. 



No remedy is suggested, except picking off and burning as many 

 infested leaves as possible to prevent dispersion. 



Sacc. Syll. i. 1589 ; Cooke, Hdbk. No. 2735. 



Melampsora carpini is recDrded as attacking the leaves of Hornbeam. 



