ON A FUNGUS DISEASE OF EUONYMUS JAPONICUS LINK. F. 441 



which produces a line mist. The treatment must be continued until the 

 mildew has completely disappeared from all the parts. 



Since the above was written an article by Peglion (11) on the present 

 mildew has appeared, in which several interesting facts in connection 

 with the occurrence of the present disease in Italy are given. It is 

 mentioned that a few years ago an epidemic of an injurious mite, 

 Chionaspis Evonijmi (belonging to the family Coccidce) occurred in Italy, 

 which resulted in very serious injury being done to plantations and 

 shrubberies of E. japonicm. Notwithstanding the employment of 

 insecticides, the attacks of the mite caused in many cases the destruction 

 of whole plantations. At length a minute hymenopterous parasite 

 appeared, which has in some districts completely checked the spread of 

 this animal parasite of the Eiionymus. The mildew then appeared, and 

 quickly invaded the plantations and shrubberies, until it is now widely 

 spread over Italy and France.* In localities where damp hangs about, as 

 in the shady parts of the Park at Aventi, Ferrara, the mildew has 

 occurred in such abundance that the least shake given to the affected bushes 

 caused a shower of conidia which covered the soil beneath with a thin 

 white opaque layer. In such severe outbreaks of the disease a complete 

 defoliation of the plants ensued. The author has used as a fungicide 

 cupric sulphur, i.e. "flowers of sulphur " to which 3 per cent, of copper 

 sulphate has been added, and states that, even in the most serious cases, 

 the repeated application of this solution restores the vegetative growth 

 of the plant to a satisfactory condition. In cases where the plant has been 

 perceptibly weakened by the disease a small dose of nitrate of sodium 

 should be given to the soil. The presence of large hibernating haustoria 

 (often almost filling up the lumen of the cell) in affected leaves during 

 the winter months is noted. 



Bibliography. 



(1) Arcangeli, G. : li Oidium leucoconium ed un Cicinnobolus sulle 

 foglie dell' Evonymus japonicus (Proc. verb. Soc. Toscana Sci. Nat. 

 xii. 1900). 



(2) Sydow, H. and P. : Beitrag zur Pilzflora des Litoral-Gebietes 

 und Istriens (Annal. mycolog. i. 254, 1903). 



(3) Bubak, F. : Die in Bohmen im Jahre 1900 und 1901 aufgetret. 

 Pflanzenkrankh. (Zeitschr. f. landwirtsch. Versuchsw. in Oesterr. 1902). 



(4) Appel : Zur Kenntniss der UeberwinteruDg des Oidium Tuchcri 

 (Centralbl. f. Bakter., Parasit. u. Infektionskr. xi. 143 ; 1903). 



(5) Lindroth, J. I. : Cecidomyia-larver, som ata rostsporer (Medd. 

 Soc. Fauna Fl. Fenn. xxvi., 25-29 ; 1900). 



(6) Salmon, E. S. : A Monograph of the ErysiphacecB (Mem. Torrey 

 Bot. Club, ix., 1900). 



(7) Idem : Cultural Experiments with an Oidium on Euonymus 

 japonicus, Linn. f. (Annal. mycolog. iii. 1-15, pi. 1 ; 1905). 



(8) Idem : Further Cultural Experiments with " Biolcgic Forms " of 

 the Erysiphacece (Annals of Botany, xix. 125-148 ; 1905). 



* It would be interesting to ascertain whether it was at this time, when the 

 vitality, of the plants was affected by these injuries, that the Oidium first appeared in 

 Europe, or at any rate in Italy. 



G 



