THE LAWS OF DEVELOPING- LANDSCAPE. 



Extensive scenery contains many, many scenes ; each should be com- 

 plete within itself, and they should unite harmoniously in forming larger 

 and more extensive expansions of natural impressions. 



In looking over the undulations of scenery, we see the scenery by the 

 laws of contour and profile. These unite into a general formation of two 

 leading features : centres and outlines. 



All scenery is composed of centres and outlines. The first are more or 

 less occupied with low vegetation and water, over which the view-lines 

 show the effects. The principle of the second, outlines, is height ; 

 principally shrub and tree effects, buildings, Ac, thus outlined, form the 

 features of the scenery, and the centres show the scenery. 



Centres and outlines develop each other. They are ever varying as 

 the salient points of scenery are observed or the observation points change. 



Outlines. 



In developing landscape by planting or thinning, it will be found that 

 contour really makes the outlines, and these outlines are composed, in 

 proper development, of promontories and recesses, according to laws 

 named, in both large and small effect, these giving place to everything 

 suitable to the size and wants of the ground. 



Centres are governed by the characters of the outlines. All the 

 designs herein shown are developed by the character of the ground, and 



Fig. 180. — Different Forms of Recesses and Promontories. 



the objects placed in the figures show how outlines ever vary under the 

 development of natural principles; whereas one finds in public parks 

 generally only the excrescence of Fig. 180 ; therefore we admire in these 

 parks the silent life, the beautiful grass and specimens of plants, but 

 detest the arrangement that injures plant life. 



Outlines depend upon the trees. The gigantic impressions of England 



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