620 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



are composed of Elm, Oak, Sycamore, Lime, Horse Chestnuts, Spanish 

 Chestnuts, Pines, Cedars of Lebanon, Beech, Willow, &c, all of which 

 require large space for their growth, and large space to see their growth. 

 Puny efforts of mere fancies and the planting in masses of plants of 

 one size are seen in our parks &c, and dozens of trees are planted in 

 masses where one of that particular large growth would be ample. 



In America most of the trees mentioned above do well, and beyond 

 these the Tulip tree towers above them all, forming an entirely new 

 world of undulation, suspended above the possible undulations below. 



In America plant-life beauty remains to be developed. The Scarlet 

 Oak in autumn is as brilliant as a Scarlet Geranium, and the Maple, 

 Hickory, Dogwood, and Sourwood trees contain worlds of brilliancy 

 waiting for art to develop their glorious life impressions of colours. 



When land is to be planted for silent life principally, in such places 

 as the foregrounds cf a mansion and town parks, the natural wish of 

 everyone is to have perpetual impression tor the whole year ; in fact all 

 planting should fulfil this very proper wish. 



The mixing of the giants (trees) can only be attempted in large scenes, 

 and then it requires skilful handling and very careful consideration, so as 

 not to interfere with the character of each. 



Scenery (Wateh). 



All the Figures in this article show different line formations to impress 

 upon the reader the fact that no two developments should ever be alike, 

 for there is always some reason in nature for them to differ — variations 

 of the land, rise and fall of the land, distance views, fine trees, rocks, 

 water, &c. 



Every low land has its own special effects. Sir Thomas Dick Lauder, 

 Bart., makes an excellent classification of the marked effect of the low 

 lands as follows : strath, vale, dale, valley, glen, dell, ravine, and chasm. 

 The name of each conveys its meaning. A country-side might contain 

 many or all of these. 



The perfection of low lands is water ; that is, when it can be given 

 with its crystal pureness ; its clear lights and shades give us so many 

 advantages. The place for water is the centre of the scenery, for lowness 

 is the principle of the centre and creates an infinity of scenes, and it is 

 better to have the water-level twelve inches below the general ground - 

 level around it, where the views will unite with water and grass. The 

 land can be lowered near the margin, so that grass and water unite free 

 from any interruption. 



Water is the life of low ground, as trees are the life of high lands ; 

 then height is given to hills and depth to valleys, making an infinite 

 power of developing charms everywhere, and the best of everything in 

 scenery can then be revealed to us. 



Water develops everything : it makes valleys appear lower and hills to 

 appear higher, and it makes the blue sky enamel the lands. 



It gives a freshness to every tree and flower, and when properly 

 developed itself gives infinite charm everywhere in its environments. 



The formations of artificially made water are usually the most un- 



