814 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



placed in a very sunny aspect, and either isolated or in small groups on 

 a lawn, but not mixed with other plants. In order to save the bother of 

 potting the plants again in autumn, they should be planted outside in 

 their pots, taking care to insure proper water- drainage. The plant 

 liowers profusely, the flowers being very large and of a dazzling scarlet ; 

 but they are ephemeral. It requires soil consisting of a mixture of 

 leaf-mould, clay, and very old manure. The general ugly aspect of the 

 plant is compensated for by the splendour of the flowers. It is propagated 

 by cuttings in the stove. — W. G. W. 



Hippuris Shoots, Abnormal. By Prof. D. H. Solereder (Erlangen) 

 (Beth. Bot. Cent, xviii. Abt. ii. pp. 23-26 ; with 3 text figures). — Describes 

 abnormal side-shoots developed on an injury of the main stem in this 

 plant. The account is very carefully and elaborately worked out, as one 

 would expect, but it is almost impossible to make an abstract. 



G. F. S.-E. 



Hoeing, The Philosophy of. By E. J. Russell (Gard. Chron. 

 No. 912, p. 385, June 18, 1904). — In this long article the praises of the 

 hoe are loudly sung, and not without reason according to the author, who 

 says : " Our position is that the hoe is among the most important of the 

 weapons the gardener uses in his combat with the hosts of forces that 

 sometimes seem to rise up against him. The effects of hoeing fall under 

 three heads : air is introduced, the movement of water is modified, and 

 the soil particles are broken up." There can be no doubt that the intro- 

 duction of air into the soil is very necessary for the well-be'.ig of the 

 bacteria in the soil, which not only break up the decaying vegetable 

 matter in the soil, rendering it available for the use of the plants growing 

 therein, but also change certain nitrogen compounds into others which 

 are more readily assimilated by the roots. By loosening the surface of the 

 soil the lower parts are kept moister than they would be otherwise, for 

 the water has not the same opportunities of soaking into it (the surface 

 soil) and evaporating into the air. The author, in conclusion, considers 

 the effect of hoeing at different seasons of the year. — G. S. S. 



Holly Hedges, The Making- and Keeping* of. By J. C. {Gard, 

 Chron, No. 927, p. 234, Oct. 1, 1904). — A good Holly hedge is perhaps 

 the best hedge that can be grown ; it is not, however, a very easy one to 

 make unless the cultivator knows how to set to work. In this paper the 

 writer gives very full and explicit directions as to how this matter should 

 be carried out. — G. S. S. 



Honesty, White. By 8. W. Fitzherbert {Garden, No. 1697, p. 3G7 ; 



28/5/1904). — The white-iiowered Honesty is a very valuable plant, but 

 as a rule only the type which bears magenta-purple flowers is to be seen. 

 The white variety springs just as readily from seed and is quite as vigorous 

 as the type, forming, where it has sufficient space, bushes 4 feet in height 

 and 3 feet through. For rough spots and poor soil, where few other 

 things will grow, the white variety of Honesty (Luuaria annua alba) is 

 an excellent plant. — E. T. C. 



