NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



861 



like a myrniidon army, phylloxera baffles all the tremendous efforts that 

 science and a long-organised mobilisation can put forward : its progress 

 continues, although somewhat abated. This document, therefore, which 

 details experiments that have been carried out from time to time by 

 various experts in different parts of the continent of Europe and in the 

 United States, must be exceedingly valuable to those connected in any 

 way with viticulture. 



The article in the May issue gives an account of the writer's two 

 months' visit to Italy, where he concerned himself principally with viti- 

 cultural subjects other than phylloxera and phylloxera-resistent vines. 

 Attention is directed to resistent stocks and the quality of wine ; tendency 

 to raise the standard again ; reconstruction of vineyards in the Cognac 

 district ; chlorose or yellow disease ; sulphate of iron as curative of 

 chlorose ; attempts with curative methods in Charente ; the Vitis Ber- 

 landeri and the reconstruction of vineyards in the Charente ; the success 

 of hybridised vines as stocks ; phylloxera-resistent stocks in Champagne. 



H. G. C. 



Phylloxera-resistent Stocks, Reconstruction of Phylloxera- 

 infested Vineyards on. By M. Blunno (Agr. Gaz. N.S.W. pp. 364- 

 382, April 1904). — A cursory survey of the attempts made to reconstruct 

 phylloxera-infested vineyards on phylloxera-resistent stocks, starting 

 with the importation into Europe of American vines to get substitutes for 

 the European varieties, hoping to find among the former vines that would 

 stand phylloxera and would bear good Grapes. The idea of grafting on 

 them followed afterwards. In their wild state, however, and with their 

 full wild breed, they would have been of relatively little assistance. 

 America supplied the species and many of their types, besides some 

 natural hybrids ; Europe, with France in the forefront, selected among 

 them the most suitable and propagated them ; also artificially created 

 hybrids to suit special environments in which they were to live. The 

 question is dealt with under the following headings : — New Forms issued 

 from America ; Species and their Selection made in Europe ; Hybrid 

 Vines as Stocks ; Hybrid Vines as Direct Bearers ; The Ideal Hybrid Vine ; 

 Caution required in accepting an Europaeo-American Hybrid Vine. The 

 article concludes with a descriptive account of the writer's visit to 

 Sicily to inspect the various vineyards of the country. It is noted that 

 before phylloxera broke out there were 715,562 acres under vines in 

 Sicily, yielding 204,683,400 gallons of wine. At present phylloxera has 

 more or less destroyed 475,080 acres, with a fall of 146,246,152 gallons in 

 the production of wine. The article is illustrated with a series of illustra- 

 tions reproduced from photographs of the resistent vines growing in 

 the State vineyard of mother stocks of Lupanello — H. G. G. 



Physiology and Anatomy of Plant Life in Sweden. By Henrik 

 Hesselman (Stockholm) (Beih. Bot. Cent. xvii. pp. 311-460 ; with 5 tables 

 and 29 figures in the text). — The author has given a very important and 

 interesting account of the peculiar parklike-meadow associations which 

 are widely spread in the coast districts and round the great lakes of 

 Sweden, but which once extended much farther north. They develop 

 on new land produced by elevation or through the action of plants. On 



