866 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Plant Associations in Bohemia. By Karl Domin (Beih. Bot. 

 Cent. xvi. pp. 301-346, with 2 plates and 1 fig., and pp. 415-455).— Gives 

 a detailed account of the plant associations of the tertiary basin of Veseli, 

 Wittingau, and Gratzen in Bohemia, which is of much interest to 

 British botanists. The district is a richly watered plateau at an altitude 

 of about 450 metres. The following associations are recognised and 

 described : — 



1. Heathmoors, of which the (a) Moss type, with Sphagnum and other 

 Mosses and Liverworts, Drosera, Comarum, Viola palustris, Andromeda 

 Polifolia, &c. is the basal type. Other varieties are (b) the Ericaceous 

 Heathmoors, with Ledum palustre, Blaeberries, and Oxycoccos ; (c) Cal- 

 luna type, with Hicracium Pilosella, Tormentil, and Nardus stricta ; 

 (d) Eriophorum vaginatum, Heathmoors with Carices ; (e) Pinus uncinata. 



2. Cyperacea (open vegetation), Carex filiformis, stricta, vulgaris, 

 teretiuscula, &c. 



3. Meadowmoors, which are not, like the Heathmoors, developed above 

 water, but are due to the filling up of swamps by vegetation (infra-aquatic 

 in origin) with Gymnadenia conopsea, Bogbean, Comarum, Parnassia, 

 Equisetum palustre, Carex vesicaria, ampullacea, &c, Pedicularis palus- 

 tris, and others. 



4. Alderbrakes, with Prunus Padus, Salix spp., Easpberry, &c. A 

 very rich undergrowth and bark flora, including Mosses and Ferns, are 

 found in them. 



5. Water-plants' association with Lemnas, Potamogetons, Isolepis 

 setacea, Utricularias, and Water-lilies. 



6. Reed association with such forms as Scirpus lacustris, Sparganium, 

 Bogbean, Equisetum limosum, Bulrushes, and Glyceria fluitans. 



7. Bank plants, on river banks, ditches, &c, including, besides Salix sp., 

 many herbaceous forms such as Heracleum Sphondylium, Angelica, Stachys 

 sylvatica, and others. 



8. Naked marsh soil-formation, with Peplis, Limosella, Eleocharis 

 acicularis, Juncus supinus, &c. 



9. Sandy soil association, Teesdalia nudicaulis, Dianthus deltoides, 

 Corynephorus canescens, Trifolium arvense, &c. 



10. Heaths : (a) Calluna, (h) Grass-heaths with Festucas, Airaflexuosa, 

 Nardus stricta, &c. Sometimes Vaccinia are very abundant, and some- 

 times Arnica montana with Achillea Ptarmica, Antennaria dioica. 



11. Meadows, often with remains of the previous meadow moor plants 

 as well as Geum rivale, Phytcuma nigrum, and others. 



12. Wood formation : (a) Pinewoods with Bracken, Vaccinium, and 

 Bramblebrakes ; (b) Firwoods with Prunus Padus, Raspberry, Lactuca 

 niuralis, and Blechnum Spicant. 



13. Cultivated land. 



A list of adventive plants is given, and also special descriptions of 

 several localities. The chief interest to British botanists lies in the very 

 close resemblance of many of the formations to what is found in Britain, 

 though of course there are many species mentioned which are not British. 

 The classification of the associations is very interesting, especially as the 

 author is clearly well acquainted with the modern Continental systems of 

 ecology.— O. F. S.-E. 



