888 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



with a contiguous orchard of 250,000 trees, all more or less infested with 

 the scale. By July 1, 1903, the lady-bird had spread in this orchard to 

 the number of thirty or forty thousand with very encouraging results. 

 Arrangements are being made to import and distribute large quantities of 

 this lady-bird. — V. J. M. 



San Jose Scale Investigations. By V. H. Lowe and P. J. 

 Parrott (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Geneva, N.Y., Bull. No. 228, pp. 391-456, 

 pis. i.-vi. ; 1902). — In summarising these investigations it is claimed 

 that the " lime- sulphur- salt wash " gave uniformly good results, in- 

 dicating that it is a safe and reliable remedy for the San Jose scale in 

 the East. The experiments, however, represent but one season's work, 

 and therefore should be considered preliminary. — B. N. 



Sand Dunes, Methods used for Controlling and Reclaiming-. 



By A. S. Hitchcock (U.S.A. Dep. Agr. Bur. PI, Ind., Bull. No. 57; 

 1901 ; plates and figs.) ; and Reclamation of Cape Cod, by J. M. 



Westgate (U.S.A. Dep. Agr. Bur. PI. Tnd., Bull. No. 65, 1904 ; plates).— 

 The writer of the first of these bulletins gives an account of his visits 

 of inspection to all the principal regions in Europe where systematic 

 efforts have been made towards planting and reclaiming sandy wastes, 

 and describes the various methods adopted and their results. 



In the second bulletin we have an account of the problem as it affects 

 the extreme spur of the narrow, sickle-shaped peninsula which incloses 

 Cape Cod. Here it concerns not only the possibilities of securing for 

 cultivation so many acres of land, or even of preserving a certain amount 

 of valuable property, but the very existence of a magnificent natural 

 harbour is at stake, the home of a large and important fishing fleet, a 

 place of refuge where more than a thousand vessels have been known to 

 shelter from Atlantic storms, and an important strategic position in case 

 of war. The peninsula just here presents a long line of sandy beach 

 towards the Atlantic on the north, with a narrow strip of cultivated land, 

 forest, and the township of Province-town lining the inner harbour on 

 the south. The areas of forest land and of permanent pasture were at 

 one time much larger than they are now, but have been much reduced 

 by early carelessness, want of foresight, and penny-greed with deplorable 

 results, which were engaging the spasmodic attention of the Legislature 

 ;is far back as 1703. Only in 1826, however, were any consecutive efforts 

 made to replant the deforested area. It fortunately happens that even 

 after Massachusetts had become a State all unoccupied lands retained the 

 old title of " Province lands," and remained the property of the State, and, 

 in view of the strategic importance of the harbour, the right to these 

 sandy shores has always been jealously guarded by the Government, so 

 that there are now no difficulties of private ownership to contend with 

 in carrying out the works of reclamation and planting. 



The precise way in which moving sand exhibits its destructive 

 activity seems to be practically identical along every sandy sea-shore 

 described by either of these writers, but at Cape Cod the conditions are 

 intensified by the force of the sweeping northerly gales which prevail along 

 that coast. 



