916 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL" SOCIETY. 



The answers, based on 1902 experience, are : " The total cost of an acre 

 of Tornatos is from #40 to $60 ; the range of yield from 75 to 200 

 crates ; while prices vary from 40 to 90 cents per crate." — C. H. C. 



TomatOS. By Taft and Dean (Agr. Exp. Stn. Michigan, Bull. 214, 

 pp. 13-17). — A comparison was made between plants sown in boxes on 

 April 13 in a greenhouse, and pricked out into flats giving a space two 

 inches square. On June 13 the plants were transplanted into the field ; at 

 the same time seed was sown in hills. On June 20 seedlings began to show 

 through the ground, and on July 14 were thinned to one plant in a hill, 

 leaving the strongest and most thrifty plant. The seedlings made a very 

 rapid growth, and grew faster and more stocky than did those trans- 

 planted. There was but little difference in the maturing of the Tornatos, 

 but the exact difference it would be hard to determine, because so many 

 of the varieties failed to mature the crop. 



The advantage of staking Tornatos was very clearly demonstrated ; as 

 the Tornatos can be planted much closer, the fruit will be of better quality, 

 and in excessively wet years it is possible to ripen a good crop of fruit 

 when, if planted in the ordinary manner, it might not mature at all. 



Trials were made of 82 different varieties to compare their value. 



C. H. H. 



The Trade-wind Scum of the South Atlantic, The Composi- 

 tion of. By P. F. Reinsch (Flora, xciii. 1904, pp. 533-536 ; 3 cuts). — 

 This scum gives the surface of the sea a yellowish or greenish-yellow 

 colour, often streaky, and disappearing in the wake of ships. This is not 

 due to falls of pollen, as had been conjectured, but is due to the filaments 

 of an Alga of the Schizophycc.ce belonging to the genus Trichodesmium, 

 which Ehrenberg described and named from the Red Sea sp. T. ery- 

 thrcRum. The Atlantic species appears to be identical with (or at 

 most a variety of) the T. Hildcbrantii Gomont, and is termed by out 

 author "forma Atlantica." — M. H. 



Transpiration of Sun-leaves and Shade-leaves of Olea 

 europsea and other Broad-leaved Evergreens. By J. Y. Bergen 

 (Bot. Gaz. xxxviii. No. 4, p. 285). — The author first makes comparisons 

 of colour, size, shape, and structure of leaves naturally exposed to sun, and 

 of others in the shade, on the same plant. He then calculated the amount 

 of transpiration (a) of both kinds of leaves, each in its natural environ- 

 ment; (b) in full sunlight; (c) in shade; with the following conclusions : — 

 (a) Sun-leaves transpire from three to ten times as much as shade-leaves 

 of the same species (b and e) with both classes of leaves ; the sun- 

 leaves more than one and a-half time as much as shade-leaves. — G. II. 



Transvaal, Wayfaring* Notes from. By R. F. Rand (Journ. 

 Bot. 493, pp. 21-24 ; 1/1904). — Field notes on various plants near Grey- 

 lingstad, sixty miles south-east of Johannesburg, including Barlcria 

 macrostcgia, Crabbea hirmta, Gamolcpis laxa, and several specifically 

 undetermined.- -G. S. I>. 



Tree-planting- for Posts, Fuel, and Windbreaks (U.S.A. 

 A 'jr. Exp. Stn. Oklahoma, Bull. GO). — The providing of posts and fuel 



