NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



275 



Chestnut Blight Fungus and its Allies. By G. P. Clinton 

 (Phytopathology, ii. pp. 265-269 ; Dec. 1912). — A further communica- 

 tion on the fungi belonging to the genus Endothia (including that 

 known as Diaporthe parasitica) occurring on the chestnut, etc. They are 

 Endothia radicalis, found in N. America ; E. gyrosa (Schw.) Fr., which 

 the author regards as the same as Anderson's E. virginiana (q. v.), 

 and of which he believes he has discovered Schweinitz's type, found in 

 Europe, etc. ; and E. gyrosa var. parasitica the cause of the American 

 chestnut bark disease. — F. J. C. 



Chrysanthemums, New Grouping of. {Jour. Soc. Nat. Hort. Fr., 

 4th Series, vol. xiii., p. 812, Dec. 1912. — The Chrysanthemum section 

 of this Society has revised the lists of the best chrysanthemums for 

 1913 and has grouped them under fifteen heads, early, late, large 

 flower, incurved, branched, single, &c. The lists include several 

 hundred varieties. — M. L. H. 



Citrus Fruits, Stem-end Rot of. By H. S. Fawcett. (U.S.A. 

 Exp. Stn., Florida, Bull., 107, 191 1). — This disease, which is due to a 

 fungus, Phomopsis sp., causes premature fall of the fruit of Citrus 

 trees, decay in transit and storage, and kills back twigs of the trees. 

 Its presence is indicated when the fruit drops, and softens at the stem 

 end. As the softening advances and enlarges, the rind turns brownish 

 in colour, becomes soft and sticky. In the interior of the fruit the 

 decay spreads along the centre, where the segments join, and along 

 the inner white part of the rind. 



The spores of this fungus develop in pycnidia on mummified fruit, 

 on dead branches and bark, and the fungus lives in the soil under 

 infected trees. 



The fungus can penetrate the sound fruit, as c hown by a large 

 number of inoculations. 



Fungicides did not check the fruit from dropping and rotting in 

 transit, nor was disinfection any use. 



Remedial measures are pruning and burning all affected portions 

 of the tree, careful handling, cooling in transit, and spraying against 

 scale insects. 



A short list with descriptive notes on other diseases of citrus fruits 

 is given. — D. M. C. 



Citrus medica, Wither-tip of. By R. E. Claussen {Phytopatho- 

 logy, ii. pp. 217-234 ; Dec. 1912 ; 2 plates).— Hitherto Colletotrichum 

 gloeosporioides has been looked upon as the cause of wither-tip, but 

 infection experiments failed to reproduce the fungus, and further 

 investigation led to the discovery of a virulent parasite to which the 

 name Gloeosporium Limetticolum has been given. An account of the 

 infection experiments and a technical diagnosis of this new species 

 form part of the paper, to which a bibliography is appended. For 

 description of the disease, see Journal R. H. S., xxix. p. yyo.—F. J. C. 



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