NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



155 



specimens of this insect that are British born, both of which were captured 

 in Yorkshire and no doubt emerged from imported timber. 



S. cyaneus F., which figures in some collections as S. juvencus, is an American 

 insect, the occurrence of which in England may be accounted for by the importa- 

 tion of timber containing its larva* from Canada or the United States. 



S. noctilio F. is a British species, which is frequently, though erroneously, 

 identified as 5. juvencus. S. noctilio differs from S. juvencus by having entirely 

 black antennas. It is widely distributed and not uncommon in Britain, and 

 is frequently found in the Surrey Pine District. — A. D. W. 



Pine In Oregon, Wertern Yellow. By Thornton T. Munger (U.S.A. Dep. 

 Agr., Bull. 418, Feb. 1917). — Western yellow pine lumber is used for almost 

 every purpose to which any pine lumber is put. Through central and eastern 

 Oregon, western yellow pine is the most abundant timber tree, and is superior 

 to most of its associates for the large variety of purposes for which it is used. 

 Many houses in Oregon are built entirely of yellow pine, even the shingles, 

 floors, and trimmings. Besides what is used within the State for buildings, 

 railroad structures, fencing, and construction purposes, Oregon exports a large 

 amount of the better grades each year- especially for building. Much of the 

 lower grade material is manufactured into boxes, and large quantities go to 

 California for fruit boxes. Yellow pine makes excellent fuel, for which both the 

 green and the dead timber is used. 



Western yellow pine is in many ways similar to long-leaf pine (Pinus palustris) 

 of the South Atlantic and Gulf States, which is so valuable as a source of naval 

 stores — turpentine and rosin. Recent experiments in turpentining western 

 yellow pine in Arizona and California show that its yield of turpentine and 

 rosin is very similar to that of the south-eastern pines, comparing very favourably 

 with that from P. palustris. The season of flow was four or five weeks shorter 

 in Arizona than in Florida, the yield of " gum " being about four-fifths as large 

 for equal periods. — A. D. W. 



Pine Trees of the Rocky Mountain Region. By G. B. Sudworth {U.S. Ax 

 Dep. Agr., Bull. 460, May 1917). — This bulletin describes and figures the dis- 

 tinguishing characters of all of the pines of the Rocky Mountain region, and 

 gives graphic illustrations of their range and of their forest habits. 



Of the 70 known species of pines, 36 inhabit the United States, and 14 occur 

 in the Rocky Mountain region. Six of these occur also in the Pacific Slope region, 

 and one ranges eastward from the Rockies in Canada into the Atlantic Coast 

 country. 



White Pines. — Western White Pine (Pinus monticola Douglas) ; Limber 

 Pine (P. flexilis James) ; White-bark Pine (P. albicaulis Engelmann) ; Mexican 

 White Pine (P. strobiformis Engelm.) ; Mexican Pinon (P. cembroides Zucc.) ; Pinon 

 Nut Pine (P. edulis Engelm.) ; Single-leaf Pine (P. monophylla Torr. & Frem.) ; 

 Bristle-cone Pine (P. aristaia Engelm.). 



Yellow Pines. — Arizona Pine (P. arizonica Engelm.) ; Western Yellow Pine 

 (P. ponderosa Laws.) ; Apache Pine or Arizona Long-leaf Pine (P. apacheca 

 Lem.) ; Chihuahua Pine (P. chihuahuana Engelm.) ; Lodgepole Pine (P. contdrta 

 Loud.) ;/ Jack Pine (P. Banksiana Lamb.).— A. D. W, 



Pinus tuberculata Gord. By O. Stapf (Bot. Mag. t. 8717; July 1917). — 

 A native of Western North America. The " knob-cone " pine. A remarkable 

 feature of this species is the indefinite persistence of its tightly closed cones 

 the seeds imprisoned by the scales retain their vitality for many years. — L. C. E' 



Pisum, Inheritance Studies in. IV. By O. E. White (Jour. Agr. Res. xi. 

 pp. 167-190, Oct. 1917). — The relation of thirty-five pairs of genetic factors 

 in culinary peas to one another is discussed. The modifying effects of the 

 expression of one factor upon another, and the effects of external environmental 

 conditions on the expression of these factors, as far as is known, are presented. 

 Data indicating freedom or linkage of different characters in inheritance are 

 given. — F. J. C, 



Plagiospermum sinense forma braehyooda Oliv. By O. Stapf (Bot. Mag. 

 t. 871 1 ; May 1917)- — A native of Manchuria. A hardy shrub, flowers orange 

 yellow, arranged among the leaves of the shorter branches. — L. C. E. 



Plane-tree Disease, Report of Conference on. (Jour. Agr. Vict. July 1917 

 pp. 443-447.) — A fungus disease, known as Gloeosporium nervisequum on leaf 

 and Myxosporum valsoideum on branch, having attacked the trees in the cities, 

 a conference of scientific and lay representatives from over thirty municipalities 

 in Victoria met to discuss remedial measures. 



