271 



JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



Details are given as to temperature and the length of the period of 

 immersion, for these vary with the different species of plants. — W. R.D. 



Forest Planting in Vermont. By L. R. Jones and C. R. Pethis 



(U.S.A. Exp. St., Vermont, Bull. 132). — This concise and carefully com- 

 piled pamphlet deals in a masterly way with the best kinds of trees to 

 plant, starting trees from seed, and laws and regulations of interest to 

 tree planters. The illustrations showing the making and sowing of seed 

 beds are interesting, and the work as carried out would appear to be 

 more detailed and expensive than is usually the case in this country. 

 The instructions, however, as to the treatment of the seedlings are 

 excellent, while the notes under laws and regulations of interest to tree 

 planters are to the British forester of peculiar interest. — A. D. W. 



Forestry in Connecticut (U.S.A. Exp. St., Connecticut, Report 

 11)07, pt. iv.). — This is interesting reading, and clearly shows what 

 care the planting, tending, and reporting on young plantations receives 

 at the hands of the American nation generally. The experiments at 

 Windsor, and the notes on planting on watersheds are useful. The 

 illustrations of young plantations, but particularly of our native Scots 

 pine, leave nothing to be desired in the matter of completeness. Scots 

 pines planted four years have attained a height of 6 feet, and are thought 

 highly of as a timber tree in that part of the world. 



The notes on the toilip tree, the catalpa, maple, and Norway spruce 

 come kindly to planters of the same species in this country. — A. D. W. 



Fungicides, Insecticides, and Spraying Directions. By 



G. E. St me and H. T. Fernald (U.S.A. Exp. Stn., Massachusetts, 

 Bull. 123, April 1908). — This bulletin gives formulas for the preparation 

 of fungicides and insecticides for outdoor fruits, vegetables, maize, trees, 

 and greenhouse plants, with directions for preventing and controlling 

 fungous diseases and insects. The care of shade trees is also dealt with. 

 Lime and sulphur wash sprayed warm in winter is strongly recom- 

 mended as a fungicide on apple for scab and canker, and for shot-hole 

 fungus and brown rot in plums, applied in spring. For surface cater- 

 pillars, to clear ground for cauliflower and cabbage, cut some clover, 

 sprinkle it with Paris-green spray, and scatter the clover over the ground 

 for the caterpillars to feed upon. If they appear after the cabbages are 

 set, make a mash of 60 lb. of bran or middlings, 1 lb. of Paris-green, 

 water to make a dough and molasses enough to sweeten. Place a little 

 of this at the base of each plant, and keep fowls away. The caterpillars 

 will eat the sweet poisoned mash in preference to the plants. For scab 

 in potatos either corrosive sublimate or formalin is recommended. 



C. m H. 



Geneva, Botanical Institutions of. By H. S. Thompson (Gard. 

 Ohnm. No. 1110, p. 309, figs. 138 and 139; May 16, 1908).— It is not 

 gen tally known that in no other place in the world are there so many 

 botanical institutions with fine herbaria and libraries as at Geneva, and 

 that at the Conservatoire Botanique there are now collections of dried 

 European plants which compare favourably with those at Paris, Berlin, 



