570 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



of food plant." A. gossypii and A. medicaginis are found on a number 

 of different unrelated host plants, while in Colorado A. oenotheriae 

 appears to be restricted to primroses, and A. carbocolor to species 

 of Bumex—F. J. C. 



Apple and Quince Trees, Some Stem Tumours or Knots on. 



By G. G. Hedgcock (U.S.A. Dep. Agr., Bur. PL Ind., Circ. 3 ; May 1908 ; 

 11 figs.). — Tumours, at first having the form of a smooth swelling 

 surrounding the base of a dormant bud — frequently a terminal bud— but 

 sometimes appearing without connection with buds, are described. They 

 vary from swellings as small as a pea to 2 to 3 inches in diameter. 

 Later the bark of these swellings ceases to grow, but internal growth 

 continues, and as the bark splits and breaks away small elevations 

 resembling short thickened root-caps appear on the surface of the 

 tumours, giving them a warty appearance. Roots are very freely produced 

 from these tumours when they are buried, and it is considered that they 

 are the same disease as " the woolly-knot form of hairy-root " — the aerial 

 form of that disease. So far as can be definitely said at present, the 

 disease causes very little harm to the tree. It is common in Britain on 

 certain varieties of apple. Nurseryman are advised in the Circular to 

 exercise care in the selection of their stocks. — F. J. C. 



Apple Blossom Weevil. By Walt. E. Collinge, M.Sc. (Jour. Bd. 

 Agr. xv. 1908, p. 674). — A life-history of this serious pest (Anthonomus 

 pomorum, Linn.) is given, and notes concerning the use of grease bands 

 in catching it. The latter method has proved futile. It is recommended 

 that the trees which are attacked should be jarred, so as to shake off the 

 brown blossoms containing the larvae and pupre on to a sheet, and to 

 burn these, together with the beetles that are obtained, while in large 

 orchards clean cultivation is a great help towards keeping the pest in 

 check.— F. J. C. 



Apple Foliage, Caterpillars injuring*, in late Summer. By 



E. D. Sanderson (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. New Hampshire, Bull. 139; July 

 1908 ; figs.). — A number of caterpillars are reported doing more or less 

 injury to apple foliage during the autumn ; they may be controlled by 

 spraying with an arsenical spray such as Paris green or, preferably, 

 arsenate of lead about the beginning of August, the time when also 

 the brown- tail moth should be sprayed for. The insects described and 

 excellently figured are the fall web-worm (Hyphantria textor Harris) ; 

 the yellow-necked apple caterpillar (Datana ministra Drury) ; the red- 

 humped apple caterpillar (Schizura concinna S. and A.) ; the hickory 

 tiger moth (Halisidota caryae Harris) ; the rusty tussock moth (Noto- 

 lophus antiqua Linn.) ; and the white-marked tussock moth (Hemero- 

 campa leucostigma S. and A.). — F. J. C. 



Apple Maggot. By A. L. Quaintance (U.S.A. Dep. Agr., Bur. 

 Entorn., Circ. 101 ; May 1908 ; 2 figs.).— This two-winged fly (Bhagoletis 

 [Trypeta] pomonella Walsh) punctures the skin of the apple in July, 

 causing a brownish speck to appear. The larva tunnels into the flesh 

 of the fruits, and the liesh which is not eaten turns brown, and so renders 



