NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



575 



Clematis * Mad. Yvette Henry ' {Jour. Soc. Nat. Rort. Fr. June 

 1908, p. 244). — This is said to be a very pretty double blue clematis and 

 to have the advantage of remaining double all through the season, which 

 is not the case with all double clematises. The variety was produced by 

 Messrs. Henry of Orleans. — M. L. H. 



Codlin Moth, Spraying for. By A. Melander (Journ. Econ. Entom. 

 i. 3, pp. 217-220 ; June 1908).— Under the title of " Filling the Calyx- 

 Cup " the author deals with the main cause of failure in completely 

 controlling the codlin moth in the orchards of the Eastern States. 

 He attributes the partial failure to the use of mist-like sprays which 

 cannot penetrate into the calyx-cup sufficiently far, for, as has been 

 pointed out frequently, it is here that the larvse feed when first they 

 are hatched. He contends that the spray should be arsenate of lead 

 (1 lb. to 50 gallons), which should be rained down in a coarse spray 

 at a pressure of from 200 to 300 lb. to the square inch, until the trees 

 are drenched, so as to ensure that the cup of the calyx is quite filled. 



F. J. C. 



Columnea magnifica. By G. T. Grignan (Rev. Rort. August 16, 

 1908, pp. 366-7 ; coloured plate). — Brilliant scarlet blossoms on 

 spikes resembling large Salvia patens flowers, very attractive ; requires 

 warm temperate house, and peaty well-drained soil. — C. T .D. 



Columnea magnifica. By B. Werckle (Costa Rica) (Rev. Rort. 

 November 16, 1908 ; p. 527-8). This plant is an epiphyte on trees at 

 high elevations near the snow line ; needs full sun and open fibrous 

 (Polypods) soil. Some species thrive above the frost line. Habit erect 

 long flowering. — C. T. D. 



Columnea magnifica. By T. A. Sprague (Bot. Mag. tab. 8225).— 

 Nat. ord. Gesneriaceae ; tribe Columneae. Central America. Herb, 

 1 foot high ; leaves oblong, acute, 1-2^ inches long ; flowers solitary ; 

 corolla flame-coloured, 2^ inches long. — G. H. 



Coniferous Seedlings, Damping-off of. By L. R. Jones (U.S.A. 

 Exp. Stn., Vermont, Ann. Rep. 1906-7, pp. 342-347). — Considerable 

 loss has occurred among coniferous seedlings in the nursery owing to 

 damping off. The attack occurs during the early stages of growth 

 immediately following germination : the tissues of the stem become 

 brown and shrivel at or below the soil- level, and the weakened plant 

 falls over and withers. In a seed-bed where plants had previously 

 damped off 90 per cent, of the seedlings died, while in another portion 

 of the same field, practically none died. An attempt was made to check 

 the disease by watering the soil with formalin solution of different 

 strengths. The result was as follows (the plots each measured 

 16 square feet) : — Plot 1, number of seeds germinating on untreated 

 plot, 3,200 ; plot 2, watered with 10 quarts of \ per cent, formalin 

 solution, 2,400 ; plot 3, watered with 10 quarts of 1 per cent, formalin 

 solution, 1,700. At the end of the season there were on plot 1, 320 

 plants ; on plot 2, 2,190 plants ; on plot 3, 1,570 plants — indicating 



