PESTS OF ORCHARD AND FRUIT GARDEN. 



3!) 



elliptical and colourless (7-8 x2-2\ jx), often with two small nuclei, and 

 ejected when mature through a fissure in the cuticle as a gelatinous boss 

 or tendril. 



The conidia germinate readily and spread the disease. Young canes are 

 net killed the first season, but succumb on the second, the fruit remaining 

 small and shrivelled. Spraying with sulphate of iron solution and diluted 

 Bordeaux mixture has been recommended. Nothing will save the canes 

 when thoroughly attacked, and the only alternative is to burn and prevent 

 the spread of disease. 



Sacc. Syll. iii. 3962 ; Mass. PL Dis. 286 ; Tubeuf, Dis. 483. 



Raspberry canes are reported in Australia as suffering from attack at 

 the roots of the mycelium of the very common clustered Agaric {Hyplio- 

 loma fascicidare), so plentiful about old stumps in this country. 



Raspberry Brand. 

 Phragmidium ritbi-idcei. 



This very interesting brand, or rust, of the Raspberry, more often 

 makes its appearance on the wild than upon the cultivated plants. In 

 fact, it never has been an orchard pest, and yet it has been long enough 

 known to have been called by at least thirteen names. 



It is supposed to have a species of Cluster-cups, just to save the con- 

 sciences of the uredinists, although nothing like a Cluster-cup. This is 

 the old Uredo gyrosa, with the pustule forming a little kind of ring 

 which is indented in the centre. /Ecidiospores (?) globose, rough, yellow, 

 (20 28 fx diani.). 



The uredospores form little pustules, scattered, or sometimes gathered 

 in circles, the spores being spherical or ovoid, rough, and orange yellow 

 (16-22 fj diam.). 



The teleutospores are the most imposing, being produced in tufts or 

 clusters, the upper portion, or the proper teleutospore, being elongated, 

 cylindrical, rounded at each end, or with a hyaline wart like apiculus at 

 the apex, divided transversely into from six to ten cells (90 140 x 20-35 /<;, 

 externally war ted, and of a dark-brown colour, with a long colourless stem 

 (110-160x17-20 p), a little thickened below, straight or curved, and a 

 little flattened laterally. 



Each cell is capable of separate germination, as if it were an individual 

 spore. 



Known in France, Belgium, Ardennes, Switzerland, Germany, Finland, 

 Austria, Lapland, Italy, and North America. 



Sacc. Syll. vii. 2626 ; Mass. PL Dis. 258 ; Cooke M. F. 201, f. 43 ; 

 Cooke Hdbk. No. 1459 ; Grevillea, iii. t. 45, fig. 9 ; Plowr. Br. Ured. 226. 



Little Strawberry Spot. 

 Phyllosticta fragaricola (Desm.), PI. XII. fig. 38. 



This is one of the ordinary forms of spot on Strawberry leaves in 

 which the spots are small, rounded, and whitened in the centre, with a 



