NOTES AND ABSTRACTS. 



249 



Typha association, near the upper limit of the brackish waters ; and the 

 Spartina patens association, here and there in the Juncns association. 

 The sand strand is divided into the beach and outer dunes, with a sparse 

 vegetation of Cakile and Salsola Kali; the middle dunes, with Ammophila 

 arenaria and Panicum amarum and thickets of Myrica carol incnsis in 

 the higher parts, as well as many climbers, such as Tccoma, Vitis, &c, a 

 very diversified herbaceous flora occurring in the depressions among the 

 sandhills ; and the inner wooded dunes, mostly bearing an open forest of 

 Pinus Tceda and a few deciduous trees, together with Ammophila, Panicum, 

 Cypcrus, and Galium hispidulum. On the inner side of these dunes, away 

 from the sea, there is a dense low undergrowth of mainly wocdy species, 

 such as Sassafras, Zanthoxylum, &c. 



The inland formations comprise mixed forest with various Pines 

 (particularly P. Tceda), Liquidambar, Quercus sp., and numerous other 

 trees and shrubs ; Pine barrens, tracts of open Pine woods with a dwarf 

 carpet of herbaceous plants ; cleared-land formations (not cultivated), 

 including arboreous associations (chiefly species of Quercus and Fagus), 

 shrubby associations (BJius, Rubus, Sassafras, and Lianas), and herbaceous 

 associations (principally of Andropogon virginicus and Composites) ; 

 cultural formations, including field crops (Potatos, Cabbages, &c, Cereals, 

 Cotton, Forage Plants, Peanuts), cultivated trees (Apples, Peaches, Cherries, 

 Pears, shade trees), weeds. 



The fresh-water formations include the hygrophile forest, c:mprising 

 the ' Black Gum ' swamp, covered with heavy deciduous forest, Nyssa 

 biflora predominating, accompanied, however, by numerous other species of 

 deciduous trees, woody Lianas, Ferns, and herbaceous perennials, and the 

 'Juniper ' swamp, covered with the White Cedar (Chamcecyparis tliyoides), 

 occurring on the periphery of the Great Dismal. The following associations 

 also occur in the ' Juniper ' swamp : The ericaceous (shrub) association ; the 

 canebrake associations, consisting mainly of Arundinaria macrosperma ; 

 the Woodivardia- Sphagnum association, occurring here and there in the 

 more open parts of the wcoded swamp. The reed-marsh formation 

 consists largely of Typha- Sagittaria associations, especially along the 

 rivers, while along the edge of the forest the Scirpus-Eranthus association 

 forms broad tracts, at one time covered with forest, while the low marsh 

 formation is occupied by the Bynchospora-E leocharis association in 

 which Sedges predominate. 



Aquatic vegetation is represented by Myriophyllum, Utricidaria, 

 Castalia, &c. 



The report also includes notes on adaptations to environment found in 

 the various groups, lists of all plants collected or observed during the 

 progress of the survey, and notes upon their geographical distribution and 

 upon market-garden crops. — F. J. C. 



Dissotis Mahoni. By Sir J. D. Hooker (Bot. Mag. tab. 7896).— 

 Nat. ord. Melastomacecz, tribe Osbeckiecs. Native of Uganda. The whole 

 plant is hispidly hairy. Leaves, opposite, 1-H in. long. Flowers 

 solitary 2 ins. broad, with rose-purple petals. — G. H. 



Dogs and Horticulture. By A. Buyssens (Rev. Hort. Beige, 

 xxviii. No. 5, p. 109; with 3 photos). — Besides artisans of all kinds who 



