448 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



employed. For covering bowers and arbours, several varieties should be 

 chosen, differing in vigour of growth, so as to obviate the tendency 

 of the very free ones to be bare at the base. Plant in succession a wide- 

 spreading one, a medium spreading one, and one which makes very long 

 upright wood, and in this manner the whole of the bower or arbour will 

 be covered from top to bottom. 



The following is a list of classes suitable for covering large surfaces : 

 Non-perpetual Multifloras (height 3 to 4 metres), Bramble-leafed Roses 

 (3 to 4 metres), Boursault (2 to 4 metres), Banksians (3 to 10 metres), 

 Anemone-flowered (2 to 4 metres), Evergreen Roses (3 to 5 metres), 

 Ayrshire (5 to 8 metres), Bracteata Roses (3 to 6 metres), Climbing Teas 

 (3 to 5 metres), Noisettes (3 to 8 metres). 



In each of these sections there are some more or less striking varieties, 

 and every year new ones appear, especially amongst the perpetuals. 

 Several of the older non -perpetual varieties have been abandoned for 

 others with a more prolonged flowering season. There are also the 

 climbing Hybrid Perpetuals — those the French call "a long bois " — 

 which can be used alternately with the wide-spreading ones. 



Standards. 



There are medium standards, standards, and tall standards ; the last 

 being suitable for forming Weeping Roses, Roses with large round 

 heads, kc. But whatever may be the height of the stock, the principles as 

 to forming the head are the same, except in the case of the Weeping 

 Roses. 



Very often the stocks are of medium rather than strong growth ; and 

 it will be easily understood that one must not dream of forming large 

 heads on such subjects. The stocks are collected from hedges or woods, 

 and are trimmed in such a way that almost all the large roots are 

 destroyed. The budder finds before him a walking-stick, often weakly and 

 thin, furnished with two branches, and these he must bud as best he can. 

 On stocks of this kind he must prune most of the Rose branches hard, 

 and think himself lucky if he obtain five or six good flowers the first 

 year or two after it is planted. If by means of manures, road- scrapings, 

 syringing, and watering, the standards grow stronger, then the pruning 

 may be left longer, and the middle hollowed out in such a way as to form 

 a larger head, measuring 60 centimetres to 1 metre in diameter. Roses 

 of this size are much more robust because the roots grow in proportion, 

 and suckers are less likely to be formed. 



Weeping Roses. 



Roses with weeping branches are best obtained from varieties with 

 long, pliant, wide-spreading shoots, such as the Noisettes and Teas 

 possess. With ' Aimee Vibert ' one can produce veritable masterpieces. 

 1 William Allen Richardson ' (intermediate between Teas and Noisettes), 

 ' Ophirie,' ' Gloire de Dijon,' 1 Reine Marie Henriette,' * &c, do equally 

 well trained in this manner. 



To form these beautiful Rose-trees, it is necessary to procure some 

 * Add Wichuniiana varieties, Crimson Rambler and its relatives, Blasii No. 2. 



