1^2 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY, 



4. Spraying with chemical compounds known to be poisonous to the 

 spores of fungi. 



It is proved that when the fungus has developed almost to its 

 maximum it can still be attacked with a prospect of being reduced to a 

 minimum within three years, at an expenditure which is made good 

 within that period. — M. C. C. 



Cacao, Fungoid Diseases of. By L. Lewton-Brain, B, A., F.L.S. 



(Jour. Imp. Dep. Agr. W.I. vol. vi. No. 1 ; 1905). — This communica- 

 tion summarises the chief facts with regard to the fungi causing these 

 diseases, and mentions the chief methods of dealing with them. These 

 are stem diseases, " canker," due to Ncctria, and "die back" due to 

 DipJodia cacaoicola. 



Pod diseases, of which the two principal are "brown rot," caused by 

 the same fungus as the "die back" of the stem ; the other is the rot 

 caused by Phytophtkora omnivora. 



"Thread blight" in India is said to be caused by Stillum nanum, 

 and a similar disease, distinguished as " horsehair blight," caused by 

 Marasmius sarmentosus. The chief information is concentrated on the 

 last two diseases, which are of most recent occurrence, and still under 

 investigation.— M. C. C. 



Caladiums and their Culture. By L. Duval (Lc Jar din, 

 vol. xxi. No. 477, p. 4 ; with 4 figs. ; January 5, 1907). — Useful article 

 on the culture of Caladiums. — F. A. W. 



Calceolarias, Herbaceous. By A. Zogheb (Lc Jardin, vol. xx. 



No. 4G6, p. 219; July 20, 1906).— To avoid degeneration, cross-fertilisa* 

 tion is recommended. Select three or four plants as nearly alike in 

 height and general appearance as possible. Remove stamens from 

 flowers intended for seed-bearing before their pollen is dispersed. Fer- 

 tilise the pistils of these with pollen from the other flowers, using small 

 tweezers for the purpose. Mark the fertilised flowers with raphia to 

 distinguish them. Water in moderation during the ripening of the 

 plant. Gather the capsules when dry — when the valves are splitting, 

 Koep in dry place. As regards cultivation, sow in July-August, taking 

 care not to bury the seed, which is extremely fine. Cover the pot with 

 glass, and place in a shaded frame or greenhouse. Prick out the seedlings 

 as early as possible (extreme youth is essential), using a pointed match 

 as dibble. When roDted, prick out again into small pots, transplanting 

 subsequently to larger ones. Water with caution, and look out for grubs. 



The compost used in repotting should be leaf-mould and manure 

 mixed with a little sand. — F. A. W. 



Callopsis Volkensii. By N. E. Brown (Dot. Mag. tab. 8071).— 



German Kast Africa. Nat. ord. Aroidcac ; tribe Zomicarpcac (?). Astern- 

 less perennial herb, with a short branching underground root.stock. 

 Leaves with a blade 3-5 inches long, 2-3 inches broad ; spathe 1 inch 

 long, \-\ inch broad, pure white ; spadix yellow.— G, II, 



Camphor, Production of (Jour. Imp. Dep. Agr. W,I. vol. vii. No. 2 ; 

 190G). — In the present scarcity and rise in the price of camphor this 



