510 JOUKNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



'Margil,' 'Mrs. Barron,' ' Leopold de Rothschild,' 'Lane's Prince Albert,' 

 'Kerry Pippin,' 'James Grieve,' 'Pott's Seedling,' 'Prince Edward,' 

 ' The Queen,' ' Rambour Papelen,' ' Reinette du Canada,' ' Ard Cairn 

 Pearmain,' 'Winter Majetin,' 'Sure Crop,' and ' Tamplin ' were quite, 

 or almost, free from attack, while among the worst were 1 Claygate 

 Pearmain,' ' Cockle Pippin,' ' Cox's Orange,' ' Golden Spire,' ' Graven- 

 stein,' ' Lord Burghley,' * Melon Apple,' ' Mother,' ' Northern Greening,' 

 * Seaton House,' ' Scarlet Pearmain,' and ' William's Favourite ' ; many 

 others were very badly attacked. Various correspondents mention and 

 generally send specimens of the varieties ' Lord Hindlip,' ' Allington 

 Pippin,' 'Peasgood's Nonsuch,' 'James Grieve,' 'Lane's Prince Albert,' 

 'Blenheim Orange,' ' Worcester Pearmain,' ' Frogmore Prolific,' ' Malster,' 

 ' Northern Dumpling,' ' Bedfordshire Foundling,' ' Lord Grosvenor,' 

 'Grenadier,' 'Old Nonsuch,' 'Keswick Codlin,' ' Mank's Codlin,' 'Old 

 Hawthornden,' 'Gold Medal,' 'Duchess of Oldenburg,' &c, affected with 

 the same spot. 



Are some Varieties immune ? — Certain varieties, growing among others 

 badly affected, were quite free from the trouble, and there appear to be 

 considerable differences in the degree of susceptibility to the attack. At 

 Wisley no disease was observed on the varieties 'Diamond Jubilee,' 

 ' Leopold de Rothschild,' 'Lane's Prince Albert' (but this was attacked 

 in some other gardens), ' Kerry Pippin,' ' Pott's Seedling,' ' Ard Cairn 

 Pearmain,' 'Winter Majetin,' 'Sure Crop,' ' Endsleigh Beauty,' and 

 ' Tamplin.' Others were very slightly attacked. This raises the question 

 whether or not some varieties may be immune. More extended observa- 

 tions are necessary before this question can be decided, but it is interesting 

 to observe that while certain varieties, such as ' Charles Ross,' ' Lord 

 Hindlip,' ' Wealthy,' &c, were easily infected by artificial means, others 

 like ' Warner's King ' could not be so infected. 



Methods of Prevention. — So far no exhaustive series of experiments 

 have been carried out with preventive measures for this disease, but the 

 only methods that appear to offer any likelihood of success are those 

 whose object is to prevent the germination of the spores of the fungus 

 on the leaves. There is little doubt that at present the best material for 

 the purpose when dealing with apple trees is Bordeaux mixture, a recipe 

 for which has been given many times in this journal ; and this must be 

 applied to the trees so that all parts are covered with a thin covering of 

 it, otherwise the good effects that should follow its use will not be apparent. 

 The damage that may follow the attacks of various fungi on the leaves 

 and on the fruits of the apple is so great, and the attacks are so frequent, 

 that spraying with Bordeaux mixture should form part of the routine 

 work in every orchard. Spraying should not be looked upon merely 

 as a remedy, but as an insurance against the incidence of disease due 

 to fungi. This disease depends indirectly upon weather conditions for 

 its increase, but is directly due to the fungus, and therefore efforts should 

 be directed to checking the growth of the fungus, since it is impossible to 

 alter the weather. Apple-scab and the brown rot of fruit are both abundant 

 in many orchards, and attack not only the fruit but the leaves as well. 

 Spraying with Bordeaux mixture, though it may not entirely prevent 

 these fungi from attacking the trees, will reduce the damage done to 



