GOO 



JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



high ; leaves broadly ovate, 4-6 inches long ; flowers one to four together ; 

 corolla 2^-3 inches long, scarlet. — 67. H. 



Gipsy Moth in Maine. By E. F. Hitchings {Maine Dep. Agr., 

 Quart. Bull. ; March 1907 ; 2 plates and 5 figs.). — Contains the text of 

 an Act providing for " the Protection of Trees and Shrubs from the 

 introduction and ravages of dangerous insects and diseases," and an 

 account of the life-history and habits of this pest, already alluded to 

 several times in these abstracts. The principal points provided for in 

 the Act are the declaration of the gipsy and brown tail moths in their 

 various stages as public nuisances ; the inspection of all nurseries and 

 issue of certificates certifying absence of pests and notices of pro- 

 hibition to sell without fumigation if pests are present ; all stock 

 imported must have been duly inspected or bear a certificate of fumiga- 

 tion ; all importations infested with pests, whether with or without a 

 certificate, shall be seized and an order shall be made for their destruction ; 

 persons suspecting the presence of certain pests anywhere are to report 

 to the Commissioner of Agriculture to that effect, and he shall cause 

 them to be inspected and take such further steps as are necessary for the 

 destruction of the pests ; the inspectors, &c., have the right to enter both 

 public and private grounds for the purpose of inspection ; vehicles coming 

 from other States, &c, may be stopped and examined ; provision for 

 the State to reimburse to every town money above one-twentieth of 1 per 

 cent, of its assessable value expended in administering the law ; fines up to 

 a hundred dollars may be inflicted for infringement of the law. — F. J. C. 



Hardiness in Trees, Relation of Early Maturity to. By 



R. A. Emerson (U.S.A. Exp. Stn. Nebraska, 19th Report; August 

 1906). — The trees that can best resist cold in Winter are those that 

 have the habit of ripening their new growth perfectly in the fall, the 

 earliest to ripen their wood being the hardiest. Young trees are more 

 susceptible to severe winter weather than older trees of the same kind, 

 except in case of trees that are so old as to be feeble from age. Young, 

 vigorously growing trees ripen their wood later in the fall than older 

 trees, and this is at least in large part responsible for their lack of 

 hardiness. Trees growing on high land mature their twigs and buds 

 earlier than those on low land. A cover-crop, by stopping growth, 

 causes the new wood to ripen earlier than in trees on land receiving 

 late summer cultivation, the effect of which is that the former stand 

 the winter with less ill effect than the latter. The trees on which 

 these observations are based were plums, apples, peaches, black walnut, 

 and honey-locust, in which it was found that their relative hardiness 

 was influenced by the locality in which the seed from which they sprang 

 was grown. — G. II. II. 



Helianthus deeapetalus as a Food Plant. By R. de Noteu 

 (Rev. Hort. March 16, 1907, pp. 136 140 ; and April 16, 1907, pp. 186-7 ; 

 3 woodcuts). — The long tuberous roots of this species are described 

 as being very nutritious as a culinary vegetable. The woodcuts repre- 

 senting the plant, the tuber system, and individual tubers resemble 



