626 JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. 



under conditions of drought, than spiny native forms." And again : " The 

 spineless forms . . . require considerable precipitation at some time 

 during the year, and economic species are not known which thrive under 

 a minimum temperature of less than 10° F." It is evident that the 

 spineless forms have a very limited range of cultivation. The plants in 

 Mexico are propagated, when any attempt at cultivation is made at all, 

 by cuttings of two and a half or three joints, and from these a crop of 

 fruit is produced in three years. Not only are they planted in orchards, 

 but the most prickly forms on the hillsides. The fruits are sold and 

 eaten in the markets after being peeled. The price varies according to 

 locality and variety, but sometimes as many as twenty fruits are to be 

 bought for a cent. The fruits are fully described and chemical analyses 

 given of the different portions. The mode of harvesting is also alluded 

 to, and a description given of the machinery used in making tuna 

 products. The products described are ' Miel de Tuna,' a sort of fruit 

 syrup; 'Melcocha,' somewhat like the foregoing, but becoming candied 

 more quickly ; 1 Queso de Tuna,' or tuna cheese ; ' Colonche,' a fermented 

 drink which will not keep ; and dried tunas, the thinly peeled fruits dried 

 in the sun. The principal varieties are described in simple language, and 

 for the botanical descriptions the reader is referred to Bulletin 60 of the 

 New Mexico Exp. Stn. (see ' Prickly Pear,' above). The species of which 

 the fruit is used are Opuntia Larreyi "\Yeber ; 0. robusta Wendl. ; 0. 

 streptacantha Lem. ; 0. leucotricha DC. ; 0. Lindhei?neri Engelm. ; 0. 

 Engelmannii var. cycloides E. & B. ; 0. Engelmannii var. cuija G. & H. ; 

 0. laevis (?) Coulter ; 0. phaeacantha Engelm. ; 0. macracantha Engelm. ; 

 0. imbricata DC, and some other species at present undetermined. 

 The fruit of Echinocereus stramineus Engelm. is also described under 

 the name of Mexican strawberry, and this also is edible. — F. J. C. 



Vegetables for the Table, Preparation of. By Maria Parloa 

 (U.S.A Dep. Agr., Bull. 256). — A collection of recipes for cooking, 

 which seem practical and good, together with the nutritive value of 

 vegetables as food and the changes undergone in cooking. Some 

 appetising recipes for vegetable soups are included, as well as salads 

 and salad dressing. Amongst the vegetables enumerated are green 

 peppers, okra, egg-plant, squash, and green corn. — G. H. L. 



Vegetable Growing in Porto Rico. By H. C. Henricksen 

 (Agr. Exp. Stn. Porto Rico, Bull. 7 ; illustrated). — European methods 

 of cultivation applied to vegetables in Porto Rico are not always 

 successful, and have to be modified ; but this necessity once recognised 

 and acted upon, vegetables of very good quality can be produced, 

 climatic and soil conditions being on the whole favourable. — C. II. L. 



Viburnum Carlesii. By W. B. Hemsley (Bot. Mag. tab. 8114).— 



Nat. ord. Caprifoliaceae ; tribe Sambuceae ; Corea. A dwarf shrub ; 

 leaves ovate rotundate ; cymes dense, 2-3 inches diameter ; corolla pink 

 and white. — G. H. 



Vines, Experiments in Pruning. By Gustave Riviere (Jour. Soc. 

 Nat. Hort. Fr.; 4th Series, vol. viii. ; July 1907).— The following table 



