NEW HAMPSHIRE. 



176 



Dj rtmouth College. 



exportation, giving employment to many hands. Dover, Somersworth, Exeter, Nevi^castle, 

 Nashua, and Amoskeag, are the principal seats of the large manufactories, and there is abun- 

 dant water power at Concord, and many other places, not yet used. There are in the State. 

 60 cotton mills, 32 woolen mills, 952 saw mills, COO grist mills, 15 oil, and 20 paper 

 mills, &c. 



8. Fisheries. 60 or 70 vessels, from 20 to 75 tons each, besides smaller craft, are employ- 

 ed during the fishing season, from the 1st of March to the latter part of November, in the 

 bank and mackerel fisheries. These vessels take from 38,000 to 45,000 quintals of cod and 

 pollock, and 6,000 barrels of mackerel yearly. 



9. Education. Dartmouth College^ in the town of Hanover, was established among a score 



of log huts, in 1770, and has now grown 

 into a very respectable institution. It 

 received its name from the Earl of Dart- 

 mouth, one of its early benefactors. The 

 buildings are several handsome edifices, 

 containing rooms for students, a laboratory 

 with commodious lecture rooms, a chapel, 

 and a dining hall ; the libraries contain 

 20,000 volumes. The oflicers are a pre- 

 sident, and 10 teachers ; the number of 

 students about 200, besides medical stu- 

 dents. Phillips Jlcademy, at Exeter, is 

 one of the oldest and best endowed acad- 

 emies in the country. It was founded by 

 John Phillips in 1781 ; it has a library 

 and philosophical apparatus. There are 

 also many other incorporated acaoemies, 

 and common schools are supported by 

 law ; the number of school districts is 1,698 ; schoolhouses, 1,600. 



10. Religion. Perfect toleration is allowed, and no person without his consent can be called 

 upon for the support of any religious society. The Calvinistic Congregationalists have 180 

 societies, and the Unitarians 17 ; the Presbyterians, 10 ; the Episcopalians, 10 ; the Calvin- 

 istic Baptists, 90 ; the Freevi'ill Baptists, 100 ; the Christ-ians, 23 ; the Methodists, 71 minis- 

 ters ; the Quakers, 15 societies ; the Universalists, 20 ; the Shakers 2, and the Sandema- 

 nians, 1. These last are the followers of Robert Sandeman, w^ho came to this country in 

 1764. 



11. Inhabitants. The origin, habits, and character of the people are similar to those of the 

 inhabitants of New England generally, of which we have already given a sketch. The south 

 part of the State is the most thickly settled. 



Population at different periods. 

 1790, - - ' - 141,899 1820, - - - 244,161 



1800, - - 183,762 1830, - - - 269,328 



1810, - - - 214,360 



12. Jlntiquities. In Sanbornton, on Lake Winnipiseogee, at the head of Little Bay, are 

 the remains of an ancient Indian fortification ; it formerly consisted of 6 walls ; one extending 

 along the river and across a point of land into the bay, and the others at right angles, connect- 

 ed by a circular wall in the rear. Traces of these walls are yet to be seen, though most of the 

 stones and other materials of which they were composed, have been removed to a dam in the 

 river. Within the fort have been found numbers of Indian relics, and others also on an island 

 in the bay. When the first settlers of these parts arrived, the walls were breast high, and 

 large oaks were growing within their enclosure. Near the west shore of Ossipee Lake, is a 

 circular mound 45 or 50 feet in diameter, from which have been taken skeletons, tomahawks, 

 &c. 



13. Government. The constitution of New Hampshire was established in 1792. The 

 legislature consists of a Senate and House of Representatives. The senators are chosen in 

 districts, and the representatives in towns. The legislature meets annually in June. The 

 governor and executive council are chosen annually by the people. The judiciary system is 



