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MASSACHUSETTS 



irregular town, and the views of the city, with the harbor and the neighboring country, which 

 are exhibited from the elevated parts, are exceedingly beautiful. The Bunker Hill Monument, 

 commenced a few years ago, is upon the southern brow of the eminence immediately overlook- 

 ing the town, upon a commanding site, it is a plain obelisk of gray granite, and its height is 

 to be 220 feet ; the base is 50 feet square. A portion of it only is completed, and the work 

 has been for some time at a stand. The United States Jfavy Yard, at Charlestown, occupies 

 60 acres of ground, and comprises a great number of stores, arsenals, magazines, and barracks. 

 The dry dock is a noble and imposing piece of workmanship, built of hewn granite, in the 

 neatest and most solid manner. It contains half a million cubic feet of stone v;ork. The slips 

 for ship-building are covered with frame houses, sufficiently large to contain lirst-rate line of bat- 

 tle ships. The yard is enclosed on the land side by a high stone-wall. On the western side of 

 the peninsula, at the water's edge, stands the Jllarsachusetts State Prison, consisting of several large 

 piles of building, surrounded by a lofty wall. Nearly all the buildings are of stone, and a great 

 part of the convicts are employed in hammering stone for building ; others work at shoemak- 

 ing, tailoring, smith's work, &,c. They are dressed in parti-colored clothes, and are attended, 

 while in the yards, by a guard with muskets. The JW-Lean Insane Jlsijlum stands upon a 

 beautiful eminence in the western part of Charlestown, without the peninsula, and consists of 

 several piles of building, with accommodations for 130 patients, who are encouraged to engage 

 in cheerful and healthful labors and amusements. No part of the country ofiers more beauti- 

 ful sites than this town. Winter Hill and Prospect Hill, as well as most of the others already 

 me.itioned, retain vestiges of the fortifications erected during the Revolution. Population of 

 Charlestown, 10,000. 



Cambridge has v^est of Boston, and consists of three distinct portions. East Cambridge, a 

 suburb of Boston, is situated upon Lechmere Point, and is connected with the city and Charles- 

 town by Craigie's bridge. It is built of brick, and has several manufactories of glass, iron, 



&c. Cambridgeport is join- 



«^f^ - _ 



1 -^^^K^f^^' 



ed to Boston by West Bos- 

 ton bridge. Old Cambridge 

 is three miles from Boston, 

 and contains Harvard Uni- 

 versity. This part of the 

 town stands upon a level spot, 

 and encloses a spacious and 

 handsome common. In the 

 western part is Fresh Pond, 

 a beautiful piece of water, 

 bordered by steep hills and 

 woods ; it is much resorted 

 to for recreation in summer, 

 by the inhabitants of Bosto/). 

 The whole population of 

 Cambridge is about 7,800. 

 In the southwesterly part 

 of Cambridge is J)fonnt Jlu- 



Monument to Spurzhctm, at Mount Auburn. 



burn, a beautiful hilly grove, which has been devoted to the purpose of a cemetery foi the 

 metropolis, and one of the most interesting spots in the country. 



Roxhunj, adjoining Boston on the south, is remarkable for the mingled wildness and beauty 

 of its scenery, presenting fertile valleys and broad plains interspersed with bold heights and 

 rugged, rocky tracts. Its numerous picturesque sites are crowned with neat cottages and ele- 

 gant country seats, and, among the workshops and factories are a chemical laboratory, iron 

 works, &c. Numerous omnibuses are constantly running between this town and the city. 

 Population 7,500; Brighton, four miles i'rom Boston, is distinguished for its Cattle Market, 

 which has been held here from the time of the Revolution. The annual value of the sales is 

 2,000,000 dollars. Watertown and Waltham, adjoining towns, may be noticed, the first for 

 its spacious arsenal, belonging to the United States, and the second for its manufactures. 



The city of Salem, 14 miles north of Boston, the second tov,'n in the State for wealth and 

 commerce, is situated on a peninsula formed by two small inlets of the sea. The streets are 

 narrow, and the houses generally of wood, but many of the modern edifices are of brick, and 

 display much elegance. Tlie Common, an enclosed spot, planted with trees, is an ornament 



