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CONNECTICUT. 



ebrated for the manufacture of tin ware ; JVatcrtoicn-, Bristol, and fVaterbury, for the making of 

 wooden clocks ; JJanbury for the manufacture of hats, and Salisbury foi' its iron mines, forges, 

 and furnaces. Litchfield is a beautiful town, situated in the midst of a fertile and hill}' country ; 

 a seminary for young ladies in this place, has acquired distinguished reputation. Population, 

 4,500. Several of the towns upon the borders of Long Island Sound are worthy of notice. 

 Bridgeport and jVorwalk maintain an active intercourse with New York, to which, by means of 

 steamboats and sloops, they send large quantities of produce. The former is incorporated as 

 a city and is neatly built and beautifully situated on a good harbor. Its manufactures and trade 

 are extensive and increasing. Population, 4,000. Stratford-, Fairfeld, and Greenfield, may 

 be ranked among the pleasantest towns in New England. Stoningion has a good harbor, at 

 which the railroad from Providence terminates, and regular lines of steamboats run hence to 

 New York. 



4. Agriculture. The general fertility of the soil in this State, with the skill and care 

 bestowed upon the cultivation of the land, has made some portions of it resemble a well culti- 

 vated garden. There are, however, considerable districts, which are barren and unproductive. 

 On the whole, the farmers of Connecticut may be ranked among the first in the country for 

 diligence, industry, and economy. To a high degree of skill in the art of husbandry, they add 

 equal shrewdness in turning the produce of their farms to account. The chief articles of cul- 

 ture are maize, rye, wheat, oats, barley, buckwheat, flax, hemp, potatoes, pease, beans, &;c. 

 Orchards are numerous, and cider of the best kind is exported. The fine meadows and pas- 

 tures enable the farmers to support great numbers of horses, neat cattle, and sheep. The 

 farms are generally small, but seldom less than fifty acres. The mulberry for silk worms is also 

 much cultivated. 



5. Commerce. The vicinity of the great mart of New York must prevent a large portion 

 of the commeixe of this State from centering within its own territory. Most of the foreign trade 

 is therefore diverted to the New York market, but the coasting trade along the Sound is very 

 active. The exports from Connecticut are much the same in kind, as from Rhode Island and 

 Massachusetts. The shipping owned in this State amounts to 70,000 tons. The shad fishery 

 of Connecticut River furnishes a large amount of shad for exportation, and has a reputation 

 above any other. Several ships sail to the whale-fishery from Stonington, New London, 

 Bridgeport, &c. 



6. Manufactures. The manufactures, taken in the aggregate, are of great value, but many 

 of them are in the hands of the rural population, and there are few large establishments in the 

 State. The Connecticut wares are well known all over the country, and are often carried from 

 town to town to the most remote quarters, b}^ the thrifty pedlers from .the same State. The 

 cotton and woolen manufacture has very much increased of late years, and tin, iron, brass, and 

 wooden ware, coaches, combs, buttons, hats, boots, shoes, saddlery, paper, machinery, and 

 agricultural and mechanical instruments, &c. are among the products of manufacturing industry. 

 The aggregate value of manufactures is about $ 12,000,000. There are in the State about 150 

 cotton mills, with 200,000 spindles and 5,000 looms, manufacturing annually upwards of 30,000,000 

 yards of cloth and 3,000,000 pounds of yarn, and consuming above 12,000,000 pounds of cot- 

 ton ; and 110 woolen factories, producing yearly 350,000 yards of broadcloth, 800,000 yards 

 of flannel, 60,000 yards of cassimeres, 100,000 yards of satinet, 500,000 yards of carpeting, &c., 

 and consuming 2,000,000 pounds of wool. The annual value of cotton and woolen manufactures 

 is about 5556,000,000 ; of iron ware, $ 500,000 ; of axes, 600,000 ; of boots and shoes, 1,500,000; 

 of buttons and combs, 600,000 ; of paper, 800,000 ; of coaches and wagons, 800,000, &c. Vast 

 quantities of tin ware are made in various parts of the State, and sent to every town in the 

 Union for sale. At Canton is a manufactory of axes, which have acquired a reputation over 

 all others in the United States. Hartford is distinguished for the manufacture of books, chiefly 

 for education, which are distributed over all parts of the Union, and occupy a large amount of 

 capital. Two miles from New Haven, at the foot of East Rock, is a gun-factory, established 

 by the late Eli Whitney, the inventor of the cotton-gin. For several years it has been occu- 

 pied in manufacturing muskets for the United States. It is remarkable for the excellence of its 

 internal arrangements, and the perfection of its various mechanical processes. The establish- 

 ment forms a pretty village of small stone edifices, and has a quiet and tasteful aspect. Wooden 

 clocks form a very thriving branch of manufacturing industry in Connecticut. In the single 

 town of Bristol, above 30,000 clocks are made annually, and whole ship-loads are exported at a 

 time.. Some of the clocks are of metal, and the whole bring an average price of 8 dollars each. 



