NEW YORK. 



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grand and romantic. The combined action of the tides, at the mouth of the Hudson, from Us 

 two oudets to the sea, carries the swell up the stream, at the rate of 15 or 25 miles an hour. 

 Sturgeon, shad, and herring ascend this river in the spring, and are taken in great abundance. 

 The Mohaick rises near Oneida Lake, and runs southeasterly, 135 miles, and then joins the 



Hudson, a few miles above Alba- 

 ny. It is about 60 rods in breadth 

 at Schenectady, gradually lessen- 

 ing to 12 or 16 at Utica. Its 

 waters are clear, and the course 

 of the river is diversified with 

 beautiful islands. The intervals 

 on both banks are rich and hand- 

 some. 



This stream is very unequal, 

 and has many falls and rapids ; 

 the whole descent from its source 

 to the Hudson, is estimated at 367 

 feet. A canal, a mile and a half 

 in length, connects the Mohawk 

 with Wood Creek, running into 

 Oneida Lake, and thence com- 

 municating with Lake Ontario. 



The Genesee rises in Pennsyl- 

 vania, and runs north across the 

 VkiB on the Mohawk River. vvest part of New York into Lake 



Ontario ; its whole course m this 

 State is about 125 miles. Five miles from its mouth, at Rochester, are falls of 96 and 75 feet 

 in descent ; above these the stream is navigable for boats nearly 70 miles, when two other falls 

 occur, of 60 and 90 feet. The harbor on the lake at the mouth of this river is called Port Gen- 

 esee. Black River receives its name from the color of its waters. It rises in the Highlands north 

 of the Mohawk, and its branches interlock with those of the Hudson ; it pursues a northwesterly 

 course of 120 miles, and falls into lake Ontario, near its outlet. It is a deep but sluggish stream, 

 and the navigation is interrupted by falls ; a series of which, called the Long Falls, extend 14 

 miles. The land upon this stream is generally a rich, dark-colored mould. The St. Laicrence 

 washes a portion of the northern limit of the State. It is wide, and has a swift current, but 

 the navigation is obstructed by rapids. The Oswegaichie consists of two branches, which unite 

 four miles above their entrance into the St. Lawrence. The east branch is about 120 miles 

 long, and the west nearly 100 ; they are very crooked streams. The Oswego issues from 

 Oneida Lake, and runs northwesterly into Lake Ontario ; it is about 40 miles long, and is a rapid 

 stream ; its navigation is assisted by locks and canals. The Saranac rises in several large 

 ponds, and flows northeasterly 65 miles into Lake Champlain at Plattsburgh ; it is not naviga- 

 ble, but is a good mill stream. The Susquehanna rises in this State in a great number of 

 branches, that spread from east to west over a tract of 160 miles. These numerous streams 

 are collected by two large branches, the Tioga, and the East Branch, or Susquehanna, which 

 unite shortly after passing out of diis State. The east branch has a course of 140 miles in 

 New York, and affords navigation for many rafts of timber. The Alleghany and Delaware also 

 rise in this State. 



5. Lakes. Lakes Ontario and Champlain lie on the borders of this State, but a description 

 of these will be found elsewhere. Lake George., one of the most beautiful lakes in the world, 

 lies in the eastern part of this State, between Lake Champlain and tlie Hudson. It is 33 mile? 

 long and two broad. Its greatest depth is 60 fathoms. It abounds with fish, such as trout, 

 bass, and perch. The clearness of its waters, and the beautiful scenery around it, have ren- 

 dered this lake the admiration of every traveler. The following description is from the pen of 

 Dr. Dwight. 



" Lake George is universally considered as being in itself, and in its environs, the most 

 beautiful object of the same nature in the United States. Several European travelers, who 

 have visited it, and who have seen the celebrated waters of Switzerland, have given it the pre- 

 ference The access from the south is eminently noble, being formed by two ranges of moun- 



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