266 



PENNSYLVANIA. 



of them extend 500 yards. The coal is drawn out in httle cars by men or norses, and carried 

 in heavy wagons to the town. A man will get out about 85 oushels of coal in a day. Some 

 of the manufacturing establishments are situated on the margin of the river ; and the coal, 



which is obtained from the bank 

 above, slides down a wooden 

 trough into the building where it 

 is to be used. 



There are here 130 steam en 

 gines, 30 iron founderies and 

 rolling mills, 10 cotton factories, 

 and as many glass woi l\,s and tan- 

 neries, in all, 300 manufacturing 

 establishments, the value of 

 whose annual products exceeds 

 12,000,000 dollars. 



There are several handsome 

 buildings in the city, but its gen 

 eral appearance is disagreeable. 

 At the point where the 2 rivers 

 unite, a crowd of steamboats 

 may be seen, which are occupied 

 in plying between Pittsburg and 

 various towns below. The mag- 

 azine of Fort Du Quesne, built 

 here at the first settlement of the 

 country, was remaining in an en- 

 tire state in the autumn of 1831 , 

 when a sketch, from which the 

 annexed engraving was taken, 

 was made by the author ; but 

 there are now no remains of the 

 old French works. A fine aque- 

 duct, belonging to the Pennsyl- 

 vania canal, crosses from the 

 town to the northern bank of the 

 Alleghany river. 



Large quantities of wheat and 

 other produce come down the 

 Monongahela to Pittsburg, from 

 the fine lands which lie along the 

 borders of that river. Immense timber rafts, some of them one fourth of a mile in length, 

 may be often seen floating down the Alleghany. Population of Pittsburg and suburbs, 40,000. 



Harrisburg is the seat of government, and is situated on the Susquehanna, near the eastern 

 skirt of the mountainous region. Its plan is regular, and the site level. The State-house oc- 

 cupies an elevation overlooking the town, and is a large and elegant building. Population, 

 5,000. 



Reading, upon the Schuylkill, is a manufacturing and trading town, peopled in a great mea- 

 sure by Germans. It is particularly distinguished for the manufacture of hats. The town is 

 regular, and its business is thriving. The Union canal commences in this neighborhood. Pop- 

 ulation, 8,000. 



fAincaster, on a branch of the Susquehanna, is also chiefly inhabited by Germans. It has 

 considerable manufactures, and there was formerly a cohege established here. It is regarded 

 as one of the handsomest towns in the Middle States. The surrounding country is celebrated 

 for the excellence of its soil, and its high state of cultivation. The farms are generally large, 

 and managed with great skill. Population, 10,000. 



Bethlehem^ the principal settlement of the Moravians, stands on the Lehigh, and occupies a 

 fine situation rising from the river, which is here crossed by a bridge. The town is closely 



